T_H17 and T_H22 cells: A聽confusion of antimicrobial response with tissue inflammation versus protection

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• 作者：Mü ; beccel Akdis ; MD ; PhD^a ; Oscar Palomares ; PhD^b ; Willem van de Veen ; MSc^a ; Marloes van Splunter ; Dipl Biol^a ; Cezmi A. Akdis ; MD^a ; ^{akdisac@siaf.uzh.ch}
• 关键词：T cells ; inflammation ; TH17 ; TH22 ; epithelial cells ; asthma ; allergy
• 刊名：Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：158_00916749
• 类别：med
• 出版时间：June, 2012
• 卷：129
• 期：6
• 页码：1438-1449
• 文件大小：489 K

摘要

Substantial progress in understanding mechanisms of immune regulation in allergy, asthma, autoimmune diseases, tumors, organ transplantation, chronic infections, and pregnancy is in an exciting developmental phase that might lead to a variety of聽targeted therapeutic approaches. Recent progress in the interaction between immune/inflammatory cell subsets through cytokines, particularly the extension of the knowledge on reciprocal regulation and counterbalance between subsets of T_H1, T_H2, T_H9, T_H17, T_H22, T follicular helper cells and different subsets of regulatory T cells, as well as corresponding and co-orchestrating B-cell, natural killer cell, dendritic cell, and innate lymphoid cell subsets, offers new possibilities for immune intervention. Studies on new subsets confirm the important role of T cells in the instruction of tissue cells and also demonstrate the important role of feedback regulation for the polarization toward distinct T-cell subsets. T_H17 and T_H22 cells are 2 emerging T_H cell subsets that link the immune response to tissue inflammation; IL-17A and IL-17F and IL-22 are their respective prototype cytokines. Although both cytokines play roles in immune defense to extracellular bacteria, IL-17 augments inflammation, whereas IL-22 plays a tissue-protective role. This review focuses on current knowledge on T_H17 and T_H22 cells and their role in inflammation, with special focus on聽the mechanisms of their generation and driving and effector聽cytokines, as well as their role in host defense, autoimmunity, and allergic diseases.