Increasing efforts are done to characterize IFN expression and response in the CNS: to identify type I IFN producing cells, to decipher pathways leading to type I IFN expression in those cells, and to identify responding cells.
However, reversible and irreversible damages consecutive to chronic exposure of the CNS to type I IFNs underline the importance of a tightly regulated type I IFN homeostasis in this organ.