Subcascade formation in displacement cascade simulations: Implications for fusion reactor materials
摘要
Displacement cascade formation in iron has been investigated by the method of molecular dynamics (MD) for cascade energies up to 40 keV, corresponding to PKA energies up to 61 keV. The results of these simulations have been used in the SPECOMP code to obtain effective, energy-dependent cross sections for two measures of primary damage production: (1) the number of surviving point defects expressed as a fraction of the those predicted by the standard secondary displacement model by Norgett, Robinson, and Torrens (NRT), and (2) the fraction of the surviving interstitials contained in clusters that formed during the cascade event. The primary knockon atom spectra for iron obtained from the SPECTER code have been used to weight these MD-based damage production cross sections in order to obtain spectrally averaged values for several locations in commercial fission reactors, materials test reactors, and a DT fusion reactor (ITER) first wall. An evaluation of these results indicates that neutron energy spectrum differences between the various environments do not lead to significant differences between the average primary damage formation parameters. This conclusion implies that the displacement damage component of radiation damage produced in a DT fusion reactor should be well simulated by irradiation in a fission reactor neutron spectrum, and that differences in nuclear transmutation production may be the primary source of uncertainty in the prediction of material performance at high doses in DT fusion reactors.