Carbon as a hard template for nano material catalysts

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• 作者：Kake Zhu^a  ; [Author Vitae] ; Junming Sun^b ; ^c ; ^{junming.sun@wsu.edu}  ; [Author Vitae] ; He Zhang^b  ; [Author Vitae] ; Jun Liu^c  ; [Author Vitae] ; Yong Wang^b ; ^c ; ^{yong.wang@pnnl.gov}  ; [Author Vitae]
• 关键词：carbon ; template ; catalysis ; nanomaterial ; hierarchy
• 刊名：Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：8_10039953
• 类别：ce
• 出版时间：May, 2012
• 卷：21
• 期：3
• 页码：215-232
• 文件大小：1828 K

摘要

As one of the naturally abundant elements, carbon can present in different molecular structures (allotropes) and thus lead to various physical/chemical properties of carbon-based materials which have found wide applications in a variety of fields including electrochemistry, optical, adsorption and catalysis, etc. On the other hand, its different allotropes also endow carbon-based materials with various morphostructures, which have been recently explored to prepare oxides and zeolites/zeotypes with tailored structures. In this review, we mainly summarize the recent advances in using carbon materials as hard templates to synthesize structural materials. Specifically, we focus on the development in the synthetic strategies, such as endotemplating, exotemplating approaches and using carbon materials as chemical reagents for the synthesis of metal carbides or nitrides, with an emphasis laid on the control of morphostructure. Meanwhile, the applications of the obtained materials will be highlighted, especially, in the field of heterogeneous catalysis where enhanced performances have been achieved with the materials derived from carbon-templated methods.