Association Between Abnormal Autofluorescence and Photoreceptor Disorganization in Retinitis Pigmentosa
- 作者：Tomoaki Murakami ; Masayuki Akimoto ; Sotaro Ooto ; Takuya Suzuki ; Hanako Ikeda ; Naoaki Kawagoe ; Masayo Takahashi ; Nagahisa Yoshimura
- 关键词：Pesticides ; Sediment ; Microbial communities ; PLFA ; Genetic fingerprinting
- 刊名：American Journal of Ophthalmology
- 出版年：2008
- 期刊代码：7_00029394
- 类别：med
- 出版时间：April 2008
- 卷：145
- 期：4
- 页码：687-694
- 文件大小：916 K
摘要
A freshwater sediment was exposed to the pesticides captan, glyphosate, isoproturon, and pirimicarb at environmentally relevant and high concentrations. Effects on sediment microorganisms were studied by measuring bacterial activity, fungal and total microbial biomass as community-level endpoints. At the sub-community level, microbial community structure was analysed (PLFA composition and bacterial 16S rRNA genotyping, T-RFLP). Community-level endpoints were not affected by pesticide exposure. At lower levels of microbial community organization, however, molecular methods revealed treatment-induced changes in community composition. Captan and glyphosate exposure caused significant shifts in bacterial community composition (as T-RFLP) at environmentally relevant concentrations. Furthermore, differences in microbial community composition among pesticide treatments were found, indicating that test compounds and exposure concentrations induced multidirectional shifts. Our study showed that community-level end points failed to detect these changes, underpinning the need for application of molecular techniques in aquatic ecotoxicology.