We report the case of a patient with spinal cord compression evolving over 36聽months with spastic paraparesis. Anatomic imagery showed epidural lipomatosis. No predisposing factors were found. Surgical treatment was decided. A T1鈥揟10聽laminectomy with excision of the surplus epidural fat was performed. Immediate and medium-term postsurgical follow-up was favorable with the disappearance of the pyramidal syndrome. Other cases found in literature and the principal predisposing factors are discussed.