New knowledge has come to light on superficial venous thrombosis in the last ten years, and has substantially changed its diagnosis and treatment. This condition, once considered a trivial disease, easy to diagnose and with straightforward treatment, is currently a potentially serious disease (on often being associated with deep vein thrombosis and the possibility of pulmonary embolism), which requires different complementary examinations (Echo-Doppler, thrombophilia studies, etc.), in order to install specific treatment, such as low molecular weight heparins.