Intravenous free and dipeptide-bound glutamine maintains intestinal microcirculation in experimental endotoxemia

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• 作者：Christian Lehmann ; M.D. ; Ph.D.^a ; ^b ; ^{chlehmann@dal.ca} ; Dragan Pavlovic ; M.D. ; Ph.D.^a ; ^c ; Juan Zhou ; M.D. ; Ph.D.^b ; Ulrich Wuttke ; M.D.^a ; Daniela Saeger ; M.D.^a ; Alexander Spassov ; M.D.^d ; Orlando Hung ; M.D. ; Ph.D.^b ; Vladimir Cerny ; M.D. ; Ph.D.^b ; Tobias Witter ; M.D.^b ; Sara Whynot ; M.L.T. ; D.H.S.A.^b ; Ulrich Suchner ; M.D.^e ; Birgit Alteheld ; M.D.^f ; Peter Stehle ; M.D. ; Ph.D.^f ; Matthias Grü ; ndling ; M.D.^a
• 关键词：Glutamine ; l-Alanyl-l-glutamine ; Endotoxemia ; Microcirculation ; Intestine ; Leukocyte adhesion
• 刊名：Nutrition
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：81_08999007
• 类别：abs
• 出版时间：May, 2012
• 卷：28
• 期：5
• 页码：588-593
• 文件大小：549 K

摘要

class="h4">Objective

The administration of glutamine (Gln), which is depleted in critical illness, is associated with an improvement of gut metabolism, structure, and function. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of intravenous Gln and its galenic formulation, l-alanyl-l-glutamine dipeptide (AlaGln), on the intestinal microcirculation during experimental endotoxemia using intravital fluorescence microscopy. Gln or AlaGln administration was performed as pretreatment or post-treatment, respectively. To identify further the underlying mechanisms, amino acid levels were studied.

class="h4">Methods

Sixty male Lewis rats were randomly divided into six groups (n = 10/group): control, LPS (lipopolysaccharide 5 mg/kg intravenously), Gln/LPS (LPS animals pretreated with Gln 0.75 g/kg Gln intravenously), AlaGln/LPS (LPS animals pretreated with AlaGln intravenously, 0.75 g/kg Gln content), LPS/Gln (LPS animals post-treated with Gln 0.75 g/kg intravenously), and LPS/AlaGln (LPS animals post-treated with AlaGln intravenously, 0.75 g/kg Gln content). Two hours after the endotoxin challenge, the microcirculation of the terminal ileum was studied using intravital fluorescence microscopy. Blood samples were drawn at the beginning, during, and the end of the experiment to determine the amino acid levels.

class="h4">Results

The Gln and AlaGln pre- and post-treatment, respectively, prevented the LPS-induced decrease in the functional capillary density of the intestinal muscular and mucosal layers (P < 0.05). The number of adherent leukocytes in the submucosal venules was significantly attenuated after the Gln and AlaGln pre- and post-treatment (P < 0.05).

class="h4">Conclusion

The Gln and AlaGln administrations improved the intestinal microcirculation by increasing the functional capillary density of the intestinal wall and decreasing the submucosal leukocyte activation.