Site-specific controlled release of biologically active angiogenic growth factors such as recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (rhbFGF) is a promising approach to improve collateral circulation in patients suffering from ischemic heart disease or peripheral vascular disease. Previously, we demonstrated stabilization of rhbFGF encapsulated in injectable poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) millicylindrical implants upon co-incorporation of Mg(OH)
2 to raise the microclimate pH in the polymer. The purpose of this study was to compare stabilized (S; + Mg(OH)
2 +other stabilizers), partially stabilized (PS; − Mg(OH)
2 + other stabilizers), unstabilized (US; no stabilizers), and blank (B) PLGA-encapsulated rhFGF formulations to promote angiogenesis in SCID mice. Following 4 weeks subcutaneous implantation at a 0.1 μg dose in healthy animals, the S group exhibited significantly higher blood vessel density (62 ± 17 vessels/mm
2) compared with PS, US, and B groups (11 ± 2
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, 17 ± 7
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, and 3 ± 1
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respectively) (
p < 0.05;
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p < 0.01). Furthermore, the S group developed a thicker granulation layer at the tissue/implant interface relative to the other groups (39 ± 7 vs 25 ± 2
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, 21 ± 1
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, and 12 ± 1 μm
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respectively) (
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p < 0.001). After 6 weeks implantation in mice with ischemic hindlimbs, the S group implants also markedly augmented both limb reperfusion (87 ± 14%) and limb survival (5/5), whereas ischemic limbs did not recover in PS, US and B groups. Stabilized rhbFGF incorporated in pH modified PLGA millicylinders effectively promotes site-directed in vivo angiogenesis and also enables preservation of ischemic hindlimb function.