Lipids in the Processes of Exo- and Endocytosis of Synaptic Vesicles
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- 作者：A. L. Zefirov (1) zefiroval@rambler.ru
A. M. Petrov (1) - 关键词：synaptic vesicles – ; exocytosis – ; endocytosis – ; cholesterol – ; phosphoinositides – ; phosphatidic acid – ; polyunsaturated acids
- 刊名：Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology
- 出版时间：February 2012
- 出版年：2012
- 期刊代码：29_00970549
- 类别：en
- 卷：42
- 期：2
- 页码：144-152
- 数据来源：sp
摘要
The phenomenon of synaptic transmission is underlain by the processes of exo- and endocytosis of synaptic vesicles, which involve complex protein mechanisms. The proteins forming the SNARE complex (synaptobrevin, syntaxin, SNAP-25), synaptotagmin, Munc-13, Munc-18, NSF, and α-SNAP, are involved in exocytosis, while other proteins (clathrin, AP-2, epsin, endophilin, amphiphysin, dynamin, synaptojanin, Hsc70, and others) mediate the endocytosis of synaptic vesicles. Recent years have seen the accumulation of data on the critical roles of various lipids in exo- and endocytosis. Particularly interesting results were obtained in relation to the significance of cholesterol, sphingomyelins, phosphoinositides, and phosphatidic and polyunsaturated fatty acids for the exo-endocytic cycle. The involvement of lipid rafts in the recycling of synaptic vesicles is discussed. We present contemporary data, including our own results, on the role of lipids and lipid-modifying enzymes in the processes of exo- and endocytosis.