Optimized transumbilical endoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized comparison of two procedures
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Background Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) and transumbilical endoscopic surgery (TUES) are being developed to improve minimally invasive surgery further. In 2006, the authors developed TUES using a single triple-channel trocar or single-trocar (ST) technique. To minimize the risk and improve the surgical efficiency further, the procedure was optimized using a two-trocar (TT) technique, with both trocars in the umbilicus. This study compared the clinical results for the TT and ST techniques.

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