Liquid Pipeline Design Designing for Optimal Balance between CAPEX,OPEX,Safety and Operability
- 作者：Wang HoshuSong FeiHu Xin JiangMike McManus
- 会议时间：2013-09-01
- 作者单位：Wang Hoshu(Engineering Specialist,Enbridge Technology Inc.,Canada)Song Fei(Deputy Director of Operations,PetroChina Pipeline Co.,Langfang)Hu Xin Jiang(Chief Design Engineer,China Petroleum Pipeline Engineering Co.,Shenyang)Mike McManus(Senior Manager,Enbridge Technology Inc.,Canada)
- 母体文献：2013中国国际管道会议暨第一届中国管道与储罐腐蚀与防护学术交流会论文集
- 会议名称：2013中国国际管道会议暨第一届中国管道与储罐腐蚀与防护学术交流会
- 会议地点：廊坊
- 主办单位：中国腐蚀与防护学会
- 语种：chi
摘要
To arrive at an optimal liquid pipeline design, a pipeline should not only be designed for the lowest overall life cycle capital (CAPEX) and operating (OPEX) costs, but also bedesigned to cost effectively achieve the highest safety and operability standards.During the bench-marking and technical consultation sessions for the PetroChina Pipeline CompanyQing-Tie #4 Crude Oil Pipeline, the authors reviewed many of the design philosophies and concepts that Enbridge acquired during itsmore than sixty years of designing and operating experience.It is hoped that the philosophies and design concepts presented below can be used as the blueprint for future liquid pipeline designs in China.Use the J-curve Technique as a Preliminary Pipeline Design Scoping Tool, The J-curve is a powerful and yet simple tool to helpidentify, for the life cycle operations of a pipeline, preliminary selection of pipe size(s), required number of stations and operating modes (the use of heating, chemical additives and/or drag reducing agent).Standardize Mainline Piping and Station Facilities Design Process.The pipeline design process should be standardized to prevent the pipeline facilities from being over designed or under designed.Design for Constant Maximum Allowable Operating Head Profile between Stations.A key step towards enhancing pipeline intrinsic safety and pipeline operabilityis the selection of appropriate pipe wall thicknesses to achieve constant Maximum Allowable Operating Head (MAOH) profilebetween pump stations.This is in contrast to the practice of constant pipe wall thickness design or the practice of telescoped pipe wall design.Implement Enhanced Over-Pressure Protection Philosophy and Designk.Enbridge's Remote Pipeline Control philosophy is centered on designing a SCADA system to facilitate effective and safe operations of the pipeline by the Control Centre Operator.The adoption of the constant MAOH design concept allows for the implementation of a simple and reliable multi-level over-pressure protection system as a backup Over-pressure Protection System for the CCO.Use Transient Analysis to Determine the Need for Pipeline Pressure Relief Systems.With the adoption of the constant MAOH design and the implementation of the multi-level over-pressure protection system,automatic surge pressure relief may no longer be required to prevent over-pressure of the mainline piping.Pressure relief should only be required in exceptionally challenging pipeline operating environments.Design Station Facilities for EffectivePressure Control and OverPressure Protection.The effeetivefunctioning of the over-pressure protection system relies ondesigning pumping facilities to achieve reliable pressure monitoringand control.It is equally critical to carry outend-to-end commissioning of these facilitiesbefore the start of operations and toestablish effectivemanagement of thedata and alarms transmitted to the control centre.Design to Facilitate Efficient Operations of the Pipeline.Adequate operating room from maximumand minimum allowable pressure limits and effective pressure control should be provided to allow the operator to control the pipeline effectively.The slight increase in CAPEX is justified by smoother and safer operations.Some of the design concepts presented above mayor may not have been considered by the Chinese liquid pipeline design community and will require further analysis and discussions before they can be considered for implementation.It is hoped that this paper will initiate the discussions and reviews of these design concepts among the community, to help bring the Chinese liquid pipeline design practices to the next level of excellence.