一种镍基单晶涡轮叶片的微观组织研究
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摘要
研究了一种单晶涡轮叶片的微观组织,采用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察叶片的不同部位,探讨了不同影响因素对组织的影响。结果表明:单晶涡轮叶片不同部位的铸态微观组织存在显著差别。随着叶片截面积的增大和与水冷铜盘距离的增加,叶片的平均一次枝晶间距由290μm增大至371μm;共晶相面积比由2.83%增大至6.06%;γ'相枝晶间尺寸远大于枝晶轴。热处理能使叶片的组织更加均匀,减轻甚至消除共晶组织。经热处理改善后的γ'相以0.45～0.50μm的正方化形态均匀分布于基体中。
The microstructure of a nickel-based single crystal turbine blade was investgated. The different areas of the blade were observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. Moreover, the effects of different factors on the microstructure were discussed. The results indicate that the casting-structure of different areas in the nickel-based single crystal turbine blade is significantly dissimilar. With the increase of the cross-sectional area of the blade as well as the distance between section and water-cooled copper plate, the mean primary dendritic spacing of the blade increases from 290 μm to 371μm, the area ratio of eutectic phase increases from 2.83% to 6.06%; the interdendritic γ' phase size is considerably larger than that of dendrite axis. The structure of the blade can be homogenized and the eutectic structure can be reduced or eliminated by heat treatment.The γ' phase after heat treatment is uniformly distributed in the matrix with a square morphology of about0.45-0.50 μm.
The microstructure of a nickel-based single crystal turbine blade was investgated. The different areas of the blade were observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. Moreover, the effects of different factors on the microstructure were discussed. The results indicate that the casting-structure of different areas in the nickel-based single crystal turbine blade is significantly dissimilar. With the increase of the cross-sectional area of the blade as well as the distance between section and water-cooled copper plate, the mean primary dendritic spacing of the blade increases from 290 μm to 371μm, the area ratio of eutectic phase increases from 2.83% to 6.06%; the interdendritic γ' phase size is considerably larger than that of dendrite axis. The structure of the blade can be homogenized and the eutectic structure can be reduced or eliminated by heat treatment.The γ' phase after heat treatment is uniformly distributed in the matrix with a square morphology of about0.45-0.50 μm.
引文
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[2]Zhang S,Tian S G,Qian B J,et al.Microstructure evolution and analysis of a single crystal nickel-based superalloy during tensile creep[J].Rare Met.Mater.Eng,2014(41):28-32.
[3]Nrtersh user P,Frenzel J,Ludwig A,et al.The effect of cast microstructure and crystallography on rafting dislocation plasticity and creep anisotropy of single crystal Ni-base superalloys[J].Mater.Sci.Eng.A,2015,626:305-312.
[4]Cui Renjie,Huang Zhaohui.Microstructual evolution and stability of second generation single crystal nickel-based superalloy DD5[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2016:2079-2085.
[5]Li Y Y.Directional migration behavior of alloying elements in the rafting process of the single crystal superalloy DD6[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2016(5):1147-1151.
[6]N觟rtersh覿user P,Frenzel J,Ludwig A,et al.The effect of cast microstructure and crystallography on rafting dislocation plasticity and creep anisotropy of single crystal Ni-base superalloys[J].Mater.Sci.Eng.A,2015(626):305-312.
[7]Lamm M,Singer R F.The effect of casting conditions on thehigh-cycle fatigue properties of the single-crystal nickel-based superalloy during homogenization[J].Scripta Materialia,2007,57(9):801-804.
[8]Su Y,Tian Sugui.Microstructure evolution and its effect on creep behavior of single crystal Ni-based superalloys with various orientations[J].Materials Science and Engineering,2016,668:243-254.
[9]徐凯.新型低铼镍基单晶合金设计、制备及微结构研究[D].南京:南京工业大学,2016.
[10]王玉敏,李双明,钟宏,等.定向凝固DD6单晶高温合金枝晶组织均匀性研究[J].金属学报,2015,51(9):1038-1048.
[11]傅恒志,郭景杰,刘林,等.先进材料定向凝固[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:497-498.
[12]Guzmán I,Garza A,Garcia F,et al.Effect of heat treatment solution on the size and distribution of gamma prime(γ')of super-alloy INCONEL 738[J].MRS Proceedings,2012,1372:89-93.