大规模风电并网地区次同步谐波检测方法
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摘要
为了精确检测新能源汇集地区的次同步谐波,引入一种基于加窗插值快速傅里叶变换(fast Fourier transform,FFT)算法和全相傅里叶变换(all-phase FFT,apFFT)的组合优化算法。通过对主瓣窄的Hanning窗和旁瓣特性优良的4项三阶Nuttall窗做卷积运算得到混合卷积窗函数,推导出基于二阶混合窗的三谱线插值校正公式,并将其应用于幅值和频率的参数检测;利用传统FFT与apFFT相位谱差值,推导出基于二者的相位差频谱校正算法,并将其应用于相位参数的提取。仿真数据与实际应用结果表明,该算法能较精准地实现谐波参数估计并抑制谱间干扰,可以有效实现新疆某地区次同步分量的检测。论文研究可为后续次同步振荡监控策略的研究提供数据基础。
In order to accurately detect subsynchronous harmonics in new energy-intensive regions, a combinatorial optimization algorithm based on windowed and interpolated fast Fourier transform(FFT) algorithm and all-phase FFT(apFFT) is proposed. A convolution operation is performed on the Hanning window with a narrow main lobe width and the 4-terms 3-order Nuttall window with good side lobe characteristics to obtain a hybrid-convolution window function,and a rectification formula of the triple-spectrum-line is obtained based on the window function and applied to detect amplitude and frequency parameters. Moreover, a phase-difference spectrum-correction algorithm is derived by using the differences between the FFT and apFFT phase spectra and applied to extract phase parameters. The simulation data and practical application results show that the algorithm can accurately achieve harmonic parameters estimation and suppress the interference between the spectra, and it can effectively realize subsynchronous components detection in a certain area of Xinjiang. The research can provide a data basis for the research of subsequent subsynchronous oscillation monitoring strategy.
In order to accurately detect subsynchronous harmonics in new energy-intensive regions, a combinatorial optimization algorithm based on windowed and interpolated fast Fourier transform(FFT) algorithm and all-phase FFT(apFFT) is proposed. A convolution operation is performed on the Hanning window with a narrow main lobe width and the 4-terms 3-order Nuttall window with good side lobe characteristics to obtain a hybrid-convolution window function,and a rectification formula of the triple-spectrum-line is obtained based on the window function and applied to detect amplitude and frequency parameters. Moreover, a phase-difference spectrum-correction algorithm is derived by using the differences between the FFT and apFFT phase spectra and applied to extract phase parameters. The simulation data and practical application results show that the algorithm can accurately achieve harmonic parameters estimation and suppress the interference between the spectra, and it can effectively realize subsynchronous components detection in a certain area of Xinjiang. The research can provide a data basis for the research of subsequent subsynchronous oscillation monitoring strategy.
引文
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[7]熊杰锋,李群,袁晓冬,等.电力系统谐波和间谐波检测方法综述[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(11):125-133.XIONG Jiefeng,LI Qun,YUAN Xiaodong,et al.Detection methods of harmonics and inter-harmonics in power systems[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(11):125-133.
[8]张程,金涛.基于ISPM和SDM-Prony算法的电力系统低频振荡模式辨识[J].电网技术,2016,40(4):1209-1216.ZHANG Cheng,JIN Tao.Identification of power system low frequency oscillations with ISPM and SDM-Prony[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(4):1209-1216.
[9]郭成,李群湛,贺建闽,等.电网谐波与间谐波检测的分段Prony算法[J].电网技术,2010,34(3):21-25.GUO Cheng,LI Qunzhan,HE Jianmin,et al.Segmentation Prony algorithm on harmonics and inter-harmonics detection of power networks[J].Power System Technology,2010,34(3):21-25.
[10]贾峰,孙曼,杨勰颖.基于改进小波变换的电力谐波检测方法研究[J].计算机仿真,2017,34(1):99-103.JIA Feng,SUN Man,YANG Xieying.Power harmonic detection method research based on improved wavelet transform[J].Computer Simulation,2017,34(1):99-103.
[11]代荡荡,王先培,龙嘉川,等.基于改进Protrugram和小波变换的超高频局部放电信号去噪方法[J].高电压技术,2018,44(11):3577-3586.DAI Dangdang,WANG Xianpei,LONG Jiachuan,et al.De-noising method of ultra-high frequency partial discharge signal based on improved protrugram and wavelet transform[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(11):3577-3586.
[12]曹浩,刘得军,冯叶,等.全相位时移相位差法在电力谐波检测中的应用[J].电测与仪表,2012,49(7):24-28.CAO Hao,LIU Dejun,FENG Ye,et al.Application of the all-phase time-shift phase difference method in the power harmonic detection[J].Electrical Measurement&Instrumentation,2012,49(7):24-28.
[13]郑恩让,杨润贤,高森.关于电力系统FFT谐波检测存在问题的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2006,34(18):52-57.ZHENG Enrang,YANG Runxian,GAO Sen,et al.Study on problems about detecting harmonic based on FFT in power system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2006,34(18):52-57.
[14]赵黎丽.基于相关Hanning窗插值的间谐波分析算法[J].电工技术学报,2008,23(11):153-158.ZHAO Lili.Inter-harmonics analysis based on correlation Hanning window and interpolation algorithm[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2008,23(11):153-158.
[15]孙鹏,杨永越.基于相关Blackman窗的FFT介损角测量算法[J].电工电能新技术,2015,34(4):43-48.SUN Peng,YANG Yongyue.FFT algorithm of dielectric loss angle measurement based on correlation Blackman window[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy,2015,34(4):43-48.
[16]卿柏元,滕召胜,高云鹏,等.基于Nuttall窗双谱线插值FFT的电力谐波分析方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(25):153-158.QING Baiyuan,TENG Zhaosheng,GAO Yunpeng,et al.An approach for electrical harmonic analysis based on Nuttall window double-spectrum-line interpolation FFT[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(25):153-158.
[17]曾博,滕召胜.纳托尔自卷积窗加权电力谐波分析方法[J].电网技术,2011,35(8):134-139.ZENG Bo,TENG Zhaosheng.A Nuttall self-convolution window-based approach to weighted analysis on power system harmonic[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(8):134-139.
[18]曾博,滕召胜.纳托尔窗改进FFT动态谐波参数估计方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(1):65-71.ZENG Bo,TENG Zhaosheng.Improved FFT approach for the dynamic state estimation of harmonic parameters based on the Nuttall window[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(1):65-71.
[19]孙仲民,何正友,臧天磊.一种混合卷积窗及其在谐波分析中的应用[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(16):207-214.SUN Zhongmin,HE Zhengyou,ZANG Tianlei.A kind of hybrid convolution window and its application in harmonic analysis[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(16):207-214.
[20]蔡晓峰,张鸿博,鲁改凤.应用三谱线插值FFT分析电力谐波的改进算法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(2):33-39.CAI Xiaofeng,ZHANG Hongbo,LU Gaifeng.Improvement algorithm for harmonic analysis of power system using triplespectrum-line interpolation algorithm based on window FFT[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(2):33-39.
[21]牛胜锁,梁志瑞,张建华,等.基于三谱线插值FFT的电力谐波分析算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(16):130-136.NIU Shengsuo,LIANG Zhirui,ZHANG Jianhua,et al.An algorithm for electrical harmonic analysis based on triple-spectrum-line interpolation FFT[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(16):130-136.
[22]王保帅,肖霞.一种用于谐波分析的高精度多谱线插值算法[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(3):553-62.WANG Baoshuai,XIAO Xia.A high accuracy multi-spectrum-line interpolation algorithm for harmonic analysis[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(3):553-562.
[23]王兆华,黄翔东,杨尉.全相位FFT相位测量法[J].世界科技研究与发展,2007,29(4):28-32.WANG Zhaohua,HUANG Xiangdong,YANG Wei.The measuring phase method of all-phase FFT[J].World Sci-Tech R&D,2007,29(4):28-32.
[24]黄翔东,王兆华.基于全相位频谱分析的相位差频谱校正法[J].电子与信息学报,2008,30(2):293-297.HUANG Xiangdong,WANG Zhaohua.Phase difference correcting spectrum method based on all-phase spectrum analysis[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2008,30(2):293-297.
[2]马为民,李亚男,蒋维勇.改变直流电流控制器特性抑制次同步振荡的机理及实现[J].高电压技术,2018,44(7):2124-2132.MA Weimin,LI Yanan,JIANG Weiyong.Mechanism and implementation for SSO suppression through altering characteristics of CCAcontroller in HVDC control[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(7):2124-2132.
[3]谈萌,彭祥华,王同勋,等.基于模态分析的半波长交流输电系统与风电场并网谐振研究[J].高电压技术,2018,44(1):90-98.TAN Meng,PENG Xianghua,WANG Tongxun,et al.Study on the harmonic resonance of grid-connected of wind farms and half-wavelength AC transmission system based on modal analysis method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(1):90-98.
[4]田宽引,王鹏,韩肖清,等.电力系统次同步振荡对风力发电机轴系疲劳损伤影响的可靠性分析[J].太阳能学报,2017,38(3):586-592.TIAN Kuanyin,WANG Peng,HAN Xiaoqing,et al.Fatigue reliability analysis of wind turbines shafts caused by sub-synchronous oscillations during power system faults[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2017,38(3):586-592.
[5]张超,王维庆,王海云,等.风火打捆外送系统220 kV电网次同步振荡监控策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(11):138-144.ZHANG Chao,WANG Weiqing,WANG Haiyun,et al.Study on monitoring and control strategy of subsynchronous oscillation for 220 kVpower grid in wind-thermal-bundled transmission system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(11):138-144.
[6]谢小荣,王银,刘华坤,等.电力系统次同步和超同步谐波相量的检测方法[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(21):189-194.XIE Xiaorong,WANG Yin,LIU Huakun,et al.Detection method for sub-synchronous and super-synchronous harmonic phasors in power system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(21):189-194.
[7]熊杰锋,李群,袁晓冬,等.电力系统谐波和间谐波检测方法综述[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(11):125-133.XIONG Jiefeng,LI Qun,YUAN Xiaodong,et al.Detection methods of harmonics and inter-harmonics in power systems[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(11):125-133.
[8]张程,金涛.基于ISPM和SDM-Prony算法的电力系统低频振荡模式辨识[J].电网技术,2016,40(4):1209-1216.ZHANG Cheng,JIN Tao.Identification of power system low frequency oscillations with ISPM and SDM-Prony[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(4):1209-1216.
[9]郭成,李群湛,贺建闽,等.电网谐波与间谐波检测的分段Prony算法[J].电网技术,2010,34(3):21-25.GUO Cheng,LI Qunzhan,HE Jianmin,et al.Segmentation Prony algorithm on harmonics and inter-harmonics detection of power networks[J].Power System Technology,2010,34(3):21-25.
[10]贾峰,孙曼,杨勰颖.基于改进小波变换的电力谐波检测方法研究[J].计算机仿真,2017,34(1):99-103.JIA Feng,SUN Man,YANG Xieying.Power harmonic detection method research based on improved wavelet transform[J].Computer Simulation,2017,34(1):99-103.
[11]代荡荡,王先培,龙嘉川,等.基于改进Protrugram和小波变换的超高频局部放电信号去噪方法[J].高电压技术,2018,44(11):3577-3586.DAI Dangdang,WANG Xianpei,LONG Jiachuan,et al.De-noising method of ultra-high frequency partial discharge signal based on improved protrugram and wavelet transform[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(11):3577-3586.
[12]曹浩,刘得军,冯叶,等.全相位时移相位差法在电力谐波检测中的应用[J].电测与仪表,2012,49(7):24-28.CAO Hao,LIU Dejun,FENG Ye,et al.Application of the all-phase time-shift phase difference method in the power harmonic detection[J].Electrical Measurement&Instrumentation,2012,49(7):24-28.
[13]郑恩让,杨润贤,高森.关于电力系统FFT谐波检测存在问题的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2006,34(18):52-57.ZHENG Enrang,YANG Runxian,GAO Sen,et al.Study on problems about detecting harmonic based on FFT in power system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2006,34(18):52-57.
[14]赵黎丽.基于相关Hanning窗插值的间谐波分析算法[J].电工技术学报,2008,23(11):153-158.ZHAO Lili.Inter-harmonics analysis based on correlation Hanning window and interpolation algorithm[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2008,23(11):153-158.
[15]孙鹏,杨永越.基于相关Blackman窗的FFT介损角测量算法[J].电工电能新技术,2015,34(4):43-48.SUN Peng,YANG Yongyue.FFT algorithm of dielectric loss angle measurement based on correlation Blackman window[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy,2015,34(4):43-48.
[16]卿柏元,滕召胜,高云鹏,等.基于Nuttall窗双谱线插值FFT的电力谐波分析方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(25):153-158.QING Baiyuan,TENG Zhaosheng,GAO Yunpeng,et al.An approach for electrical harmonic analysis based on Nuttall window double-spectrum-line interpolation FFT[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(25):153-158.
[17]曾博,滕召胜.纳托尔自卷积窗加权电力谐波分析方法[J].电网技术,2011,35(8):134-139.ZENG Bo,TENG Zhaosheng.A Nuttall self-convolution window-based approach to weighted analysis on power system harmonic[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(8):134-139.
[18]曾博,滕召胜.纳托尔窗改进FFT动态谐波参数估计方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(1):65-71.ZENG Bo,TENG Zhaosheng.Improved FFT approach for the dynamic state estimation of harmonic parameters based on the Nuttall window[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(1):65-71.
[19]孙仲民,何正友,臧天磊.一种混合卷积窗及其在谐波分析中的应用[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(16):207-214.SUN Zhongmin,HE Zhengyou,ZANG Tianlei.A kind of hybrid convolution window and its application in harmonic analysis[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(16):207-214.
[20]蔡晓峰,张鸿博,鲁改凤.应用三谱线插值FFT分析电力谐波的改进算法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(2):33-39.CAI Xiaofeng,ZHANG Hongbo,LU Gaifeng.Improvement algorithm for harmonic analysis of power system using triplespectrum-line interpolation algorithm based on window FFT[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(2):33-39.
[21]牛胜锁,梁志瑞,张建华,等.基于三谱线插值FFT的电力谐波分析算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(16):130-136.NIU Shengsuo,LIANG Zhirui,ZHANG Jianhua,et al.An algorithm for electrical harmonic analysis based on triple-spectrum-line interpolation FFT[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(16):130-136.
[22]王保帅,肖霞.一种用于谐波分析的高精度多谱线插值算法[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(3):553-62.WANG Baoshuai,XIAO Xia.A high accuracy multi-spectrum-line interpolation algorithm for harmonic analysis[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(3):553-562.
[23]王兆华,黄翔东,杨尉.全相位FFT相位测量法[J].世界科技研究与发展,2007,29(4):28-32.WANG Zhaohua,HUANG Xiangdong,YANG Wei.The measuring phase method of all-phase FFT[J].World Sci-Tech R&D,2007,29(4):28-32.
[24]黄翔东,王兆华.基于全相位频谱分析的相位差频谱校正法[J].电子与信息学报,2008,30(2):293-297.HUANG Xiangdong,WANG Zhaohua.Phase difference correcting spectrum method based on all-phase spectrum analysis[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2008,30(2):293-297.