一水肌酸对宰前运输应激北京鸭血液指标和肉品质的影响
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摘要
为探究饲粮中添加一水肌酸(Creatine monohydrate,CMH)对宰前运输北京鸭血液应激指标和肉品质的影响,研究将240只29日龄北京鸭随机平均分成4组:1对照组:饲喂基础日粮,静置2 h;2T组:饲喂基础日粮,运输2 h;3T+CMH_(700)组:饲粮添加700 mg/kg的CMH,运输2 h;4T+CMH_(1400)组:饲粮添加1 400 mg/kg的CMH,运输2 h。饲喂13 d。42日龄当天运输,每组15笼,每笼4只。结果:与对照组相比,T组胸肌的滴水损失升高(P<0.05),pH_(24h)降低(P<0.05),乳酸含量有上升趋势(P=0.070),糖原含量降低(P<0.05);胫骨前肌乳酸含量升高(P<0.05),腿肌pH_(24h)有下降趋势(P=0.067);血清皮质酮水平和胆固醇水平升高(P<0.05),葡萄糖和甘油三酯的水平下降(P<0.05)。与T组相比,T+CMH_(700)组血液甘油三酯水平升高(P<0.05),胆固醇水平下降(P<0.05)。而T+CMH_(1400)组的胸肌pH_(24h)(P=0.072)和滴水损失(P=0.090)分别有上升和下降的趋势,胸大肌乳酸含量降低(P<0.05),糖原含量(P=0.063)有上升趋势;血清葡萄糖水平升高(P<0.05)。结果提示:运输2 h增强胸肌糖酵解水平,降低胸肌肉品质;饲粮中添加1 400 mg/kg CMH能降低运输过程中北京鸭胸肌的糖酵解水平,进而有利于维持胸肌肉品质。
The study was performed to explore the effects of dietary supplementation with creatine monohydrate(CMH)during the finishing period on plasma variables andmeat quality of Pekin ducks subjected to preslaughter transport stress. A total of 240 Pekin ducks(29 days of age)were randomly allotted to four groups:1 Control:60 birds,no transport without CMH supplementation;2 T:60 birds,2 h transport without CMH supplementation;3 T+CMH_(700):60 birds,2 htransport with 700 mg/kg CMH supplementation;(4) T+CMH_(1400):60 birds,2 h transport with 1400mg/kg CMH supplementation.The dietary supplementation lasted for 13 days. In the morning of 42 days of age,the experimental ducks were transported(each treatment was divided into 15 repeats,each repeat had 4 birds). The results showed that 2 h transport increased water drip loss(P<0.05)and decreased pH_(24 h)(P<0.05)of breast muscle,increased the level of lactate of pectoralis major(P=0.070),deceased the concentration of glycogen of pectoralis major(P<0.05),increased the level of lactate of anterior tibial muscle(P<0.05),decreased pH_(24 h)of thigh muscle(P=0.067),increased the level of corticosterone and cholesterol(P<0.05),decreased the level of plasma glucose and triglyceride(P<0.05). Compared to T group,glycogen concentration(P=0.063)and pH_(24 h)of breast muscle(P=0.072),level of plasma glucose(P<0.05)were elevated,while lactate content(P<0.05)and water drip loss of pectoralis major(P=0.090)were decreased in T+CMH_(1400)group. The level of plasma triglyceride was increased(P<0.05)and the level of plasma cholesterol(P<0.05)was deceased in T+CMH_(700)group. The results suggested that 2 h transport enhanced the glycolysis in breast muscle of Pekin ducks and exerted detrimental changes on breast muscle;dietary 1 400 mg/kg CMH supplementation reduced glycolysis in breast muscle and maintained breast muscle quality of transported Pekin ducks.
The study was performed to explore the effects of dietary supplementation with creatine monohydrate(CMH)during the finishing period on plasma variables andmeat quality of Pekin ducks subjected to preslaughter transport stress. A total of 240 Pekin ducks(29 days of age)were randomly allotted to four groups:1 Control:60 birds,no transport without CMH supplementation;2 T:60 birds,2 h transport without CMH supplementation;3 T+CMH_(700):60 birds,2 htransport with 700 mg/kg CMH supplementation;(4) T+CMH_(1400):60 birds,2 h transport with 1400mg/kg CMH supplementation.The dietary supplementation lasted for 13 days. In the morning of 42 days of age,the experimental ducks were transported(each treatment was divided into 15 repeats,each repeat had 4 birds). The results showed that 2 h transport increased water drip loss(P<0.05)and decreased pH_(24 h)(P<0.05)of breast muscle,increased the level of lactate of pectoralis major(P=0.070),deceased the concentration of glycogen of pectoralis major(P<0.05),increased the level of lactate of anterior tibial muscle(P<0.05),decreased pH_(24 h)of thigh muscle(P=0.067),increased the level of corticosterone and cholesterol(P<0.05),decreased the level of plasma glucose and triglyceride(P<0.05). Compared to T group,glycogen concentration(P=0.063)and pH_(24 h)of breast muscle(P=0.072),level of plasma glucose(P<0.05)were elevated,while lactate content(P<0.05)and water drip loss of pectoralis major(P=0.090)were decreased in T+CMH_(1400)group. The level of plasma triglyceride was increased(P<0.05)and the level of plasma cholesterol(P<0.05)was deceased in T+CMH_(700)group. The results suggested that 2 h transport enhanced the glycolysis in breast muscle of Pekin ducks and exerted detrimental changes on breast muscle;dietary 1 400 mg/kg CMH supplementation reduced glycolysis in breast muscle and maintained breast muscle quality of transported Pekin ducks.
引文
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[2]ZHANG L,LI J L,GAO T,et al.Effects of dietary supplementation with creatine monohydrate during the finishing period on growth performance,carcass traits,meat quality and muscle glycolytic potential of broilers subjected to transport stress[J].Animal,2014,8(12):1955-1962.
[3]FREEMAN B M,KETTLEWELL P J,MANNING A C,et al.Stress of transportation for broilers[J].Veterinary Record,1984,114(12):286-287.
[4]NIJDAM E,DELEZIE E,LAMBOOIJ E,et al.Feed withdrawal of broilers before transport changes plasma hormone and metabolite concentrations[J].Poultry Science,2005,84(7):1146-1152.
[5]张彩虹,李文立,任慧英,等.酵母铬对热应激肉鸡生长性能和血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2008(6):668-673.
[6]YOUNG J F,KARLSSON A H,HENCKEL P.Water-holding capacity in chicken breast muscle is enhanced by pyruvate and reduced by creatine supplements[J].Poultry Science,2004,83(3):400-405.
[7]NISSEN P M,YOUNG J F.Creatine monohydrate and glucose supplementation to slow-and fast-growing chickens changes the postmortem p H in pectoralis major[J].Poultry Science,2006,85(6):1038-1044.
[8]YUE H Y,ZHANG L,WU S G,et al.Effects of transport stress on blood metabolism,glycolytic potential,and meat quality in meat-type yellow-feathered chickens[J].Poultry Science,2010,89(3):413-419.
[2]ZHANG L,LI J L,GAO T,et al.Effects of dietary supplementation with creatine monohydrate during the finishing period on growth performance,carcass traits,meat quality and muscle glycolytic potential of broilers subjected to transport stress[J].Animal,2014,8(12):1955-1962.
[3]FREEMAN B M,KETTLEWELL P J,MANNING A C,et al.Stress of transportation for broilers[J].Veterinary Record,1984,114(12):286-287.
[4]NIJDAM E,DELEZIE E,LAMBOOIJ E,et al.Feed withdrawal of broilers before transport changes plasma hormone and metabolite concentrations[J].Poultry Science,2005,84(7):1146-1152.
[5]张彩虹,李文立,任慧英,等.酵母铬对热应激肉鸡生长性能和血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2008(6):668-673.
[6]YOUNG J F,KARLSSON A H,HENCKEL P.Water-holding capacity in chicken breast muscle is enhanced by pyruvate and reduced by creatine supplements[J].Poultry Science,2004,83(3):400-405.
[7]NISSEN P M,YOUNG J F.Creatine monohydrate and glucose supplementation to slow-and fast-growing chickens changes the postmortem p H in pectoralis major[J].Poultry Science,2006,85(6):1038-1044.
[8]YUE H Y,ZHANG L,WU S G,et al.Effects of transport stress on blood metabolism,glycolytic potential,and meat quality in meat-type yellow-feathered chickens[J].Poultry Science,2010,89(3):413-419.