基于高速摄像的直管内多相流动特性研究进展
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摘要
高速摄像技术目前已经成为研究直管内多相流流动规律的常规手段之一,从多相流、油气集输以及微/小管道流动等三个方面,对基于高速摄像技术进行的多相流流动规律研究进行了归纳分析。总结了以高速摄像为研究手段的不同类型管道内多相流动的流动特性,阐明了针对不同流动体系中高速摄像技术的使用方法,同时指出了目前通过高速摄像研究多相流动所面临的困难。购买并搭建了高速相机测量系统,同时搭建了多功能油气集输实验装置,为进行螺旋流流动特性、管道携液以及气/液颗粒流动特性等相关实验做好准备,为基于高速摄像系统进行的多相流研究提供参考和借鉴。
High-speed camera imaging technology has become one of the common methods to study the flow pattern of multiphase flow in straight pipe. From three aspects of multiphase flow, oil gas transportation and micro/small pipe flow, the research of multiphase flow law based on high-speed camera imaging technology is analyzed. The flow characteristics of multiphase flow in different types of pipes with high speed imaging are summarized. The methods of using high speed imaging technology in different flow system are expounded, and also the difficulties in the study of multiphase flow through high-speed camera imaging are pointed out. A Flare high speed camera measurement system is bought and the multifunctional oil-gas gathering and transportation experiment device is set up. It makes good preparation for relevant experiments like the flow characteristics of spiral flow, the liquid carrying and the flow characteristics of gas/liquid particles. It provides reference for the research of multiphase flow based on the high-speed camera imaging system.
High-speed camera imaging technology has become one of the common methods to study the flow pattern of multiphase flow in straight pipe. From three aspects of multiphase flow, oil gas transportation and micro/small pipe flow, the research of multiphase flow law based on high-speed camera imaging technology is analyzed. The flow characteristics of multiphase flow in different types of pipes with high speed imaging are summarized. The methods of using high speed imaging technology in different flow system are expounded, and also the difficulties in the study of multiphase flow through high-speed camera imaging are pointed out. A Flare high speed camera measurement system is bought and the multifunctional oil-gas gathering and transportation experiment device is set up. It makes good preparation for relevant experiments like the flow characteristics of spiral flow, the liquid carrying and the flow characteristics of gas/liquid particles. It provides reference for the research of multiphase flow based on the high-speed camera imaging system.
引文
[1] 李海青. 两相流参数检测及其应用[M]. 杭州:浙江大学出版社,1991.
[2] 车得福,李会雄. 多相流及其应用[M]. 西安:西安交通大学出版社,2007.
[3] Gary O, Pearson J R A. Flow-rate measurement in two-phase flow[J]. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics. 2004, 36: 149-172.
[4] Hyzer W G. High speed photomicrography[C]. Proc 15th ICHSPP, San Diego, USA, 1982: 52-58.
[5] 林宗虎. 气液两相流和沸腾传热学[M]. 西安:西安交通大学出版社,2003.
[6] C.C. Hsieh. Dynamic visualization of two-phase flow patterns in a natural circulation loop[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1997, 23(6): 1147-1169.
[7] K.J.Hay, Z.C.Liu, T.J.Hanratty. A backlighted imaging technique for particle size measurements in two-phase flows[J]. Experiments in Fluids, 1998, 25(3): 226-232.
[8] Hong-Wei Li, Yun-Long Zhou, Yan-Dong Hou, et al. Flow pattern map and time-frequency spectrum characteristics of nitrogen-water two-phase flow in small vertical upward noncircular channels[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2014, 54: 47-60.
[9] 周云龙,陈飞,孙斌. 基于灰度共生矩阵和支持向量机的气液两相流流型识别[J]. 化工学报,2007,58(9):2232-2237.
[10] 王跃社,刘磊,周芳德. 油水乳化液中长气泡漂移速度的研究[J]. 热能动力工程,2001,16(6):604-608.
[11] 邓年茂,陈良益,张建华,等. 高速显微摄影在金属切削、气液双相流等研究领域的应用[J]. 光子学报,1993,22(4):337-341.
[12] 王振亚,金宁德,王淳,等. 基于图像纹理分析的两相流流型时空演化特性[J]. 化工学报,2008,59(5):1122-1130.
[13] 刘磊,龚圣捷,孙贺东,等. 弹状流长气泡区液膜流动的连续波特性[J]. 工程热物理学报,2004,25(6):971-973.
[14] Bui T Dinh, Choi T S. Application of image processing techniques in air/water two-phase flow[J]. Mechanics Research Cbmmunications, 1999, 26(4): 463-468.
[15] M.Gopal. Development of digital image analysis techniques for the study of velocity and void profiles in slug flow[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1997, 23(5): 945-965.
[16] Jorge López, Hugo Pineda, David Bello, et al. Study of Liquid-Gas Two-Phase Flow in Horizontal Pipes using High Speed Filming and Computational Fluid Dynamics[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Accepted Manuscript.
[17] 龚圣捷,刘磊,张海鹏,等. 水平管泡状流强制扰动下的空隙波特性[J]. 西安交通大学学报,2004,38(5):537-540.
[18] Spindler K, Hahne E. An experimental study of the voidfraction distribution in adiabatic water-air two-phase flowsin an inclined tubes[J]. Int J of Therm Sci, 1999, 38 (2): 305-314.
[19] M.J.Da Silva. High-resolution gas-oil two-phase flow visualization with a capacitance wire-mesh sensor[J]. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 2010, 21(3): 191-197.
[20] A. Abubakar, Y. Al-Wahaibi, T. Al-Wahaibi, et al. Effect of low interfacial tension on flow patterns, pressure gradients and holdups of medium-viscosity oil/water flow in horizontal pipe[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2015, 68: 58-67.
[21] 黄春辉,胡金海,刘兴斌,等. 基于高速摄像与多参数结合的油水两相流流型实验分析[J]. 测井技术,2014,38(5):526-529.
[22] 刘通. 产液气井两相流机理模型研究[D]. 成都:西南石油大学,2014.
[23] Shanfang Huang, Bingdong Zhang, Jun Lu, et al. Study on flow pattern maps in hilly-terrain air-water-oil three-phase flows[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2013, 47: 158-171.
[24] 王跃社,刘磊,周芳德. 圆管内油气水三相弹状流的生成和发展[J]. 西安交通大学学报,2001,35(1):5-9.
[25] 许明. 小管径多相流特性及流动参数测量研究[D]. 合肥:中国科学技术大学,2012.
[26] 许道振,张国忠,SRDJAN Nesic,等. 积水在上倾输油管中运动状态研究[J]. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2012,36(6):147-152.
[27] Fourar M, Bones S. Experimental study of air-water two-phase flow through a fracture(narrow channel)[J]. Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 1995, 21(4): 621-637.
[28] K.A.Triplett. Gas-liquid two-phase flow in microchannels Part I:two-phase flow patterns[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1999, 25(3): 377-394.
[29] Pansunee Suwankamnerd, Somchai Wongwises. An experimental study of two-phase air-water flow and heat transfer characteristics of segmented flow in a microchannel[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2015, 62: 29-39.
[30] 黄刚. 基于高速摄像系统的小管道气液两相流参数测量方法研究[D]. 杭州:浙江大学,2012.
[31] 付鑫,齐守良,张鹏,等. 小通道内液氮流动沸腾的可视化研究[J]. 工程热物理学报,2008,29(6):1035-1038.
[32] Chen W L, Twu M C, Pan C. Gas-liquid two-phase flow in micro-channels[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2002, 28: 1411-1435.
[33] A.Kawahara. Investigation of two-phase flow pattern, void fraction and pressure drop in a microchannel[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2002, 28(9): 1411-1435.
[34] 闫超星,阎昌琪,孙立成,等. 倾斜通道内泡状流空泡份额分布特性[J]. 化工学报,2014,65(3):855-861.
[35] Y.S. Lim, S.C.M. Yu, N.T. Nguyen. Flow visualization and heat transfer characteristics of gas-liquid two-phase flow in microtube under constant heat flux at wall[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2013, 56: 350-359.
[36] Shen X Z, Hibiki T, Ono T, et al. One-dimensional interfacial area transport of vertical upward bubbly flow in narrow rectangular channel[J]. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 2012, 36: 72-82.
[37] 姜北. 基于高速摄像的小管道气液两相流段塞流相含率测量研究[D]. 杭州:浙江大学,2014.
[38] 朱春英,付涛涛,高习群,等. 微通道内液液两相流流型[J]. 化工进展,2011,30(增刊):65-69.
[39] T.S.Zhao. Co-Current Air-Water Two-Phase Flow Patterns in Vertical Triangular Microchannels[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2001, 27(5): 765-782.
[40] 季喜燕. 微通道内气液两相流动及传质过程研究[D]. 天津:天津大学,2011.
[41] 温宇,朱春英,付涛涛,等. 完全阻塞气泡在T型不等宽微通道分岔口的破裂动力学[J]. 化工进展,2015,34(11):3886-3891.
[42] Som chai Wongwises. Flow pattern, pressure drop and void fraction of two-phase gas-liquid flow in an inclined narrow annular channel[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2006, 30(4): 345-354.
[43] Ekberg N P, Ghiaasiaan S M, Abdel-Khalik S I, et al. Gas-liquid two-phase flow in narrow horizontal annuli[J]. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 1999, 192: 59-80.
[44] Saisorn S, Wongwises S. Flow pattern, void fraction and pressure drop of two-phase air-water flow in a horizontal circular micro-channel[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2006, 30(4): 345-354.
[45] Sira Saisorn, Jatuporn Kaew-On, Somchai Wongwises. An experimental investigation of flow boiling heat transfer of R-134a in horizontal and vertical mini-channels[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2013, 46: 232-244.
[46] Sira Saisorn, Somchai Wongwises. Adiabatic two-phase gas-liquid flow behaviors during upward flow in a vertical circular micro-channel[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2015, 69: 158-168.
[47] Rao Yongchao, Wang Shuli, Zhou Shidong, et al. Experimental research on velocity distribution and attenuation characteristic of spiral flow by LDV[J]. Journal of Fluids Engineering, 2014, 136(1): 011104-1～011104-9.
[48] 王树立. 气体水合物管道输送方法及设备[P]. ZL.201210458591.8
[49] 王树立,饶永超,周诗岽,等. 水合物法天然气管道输送的实验研究[J]. 天然气工业,2014,34(11):101-107.
[2] 车得福,李会雄. 多相流及其应用[M]. 西安:西安交通大学出版社,2007.
[3] Gary O, Pearson J R A. Flow-rate measurement in two-phase flow[J]. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics. 2004, 36: 149-172.
[4] Hyzer W G. High speed photomicrography[C]. Proc 15th ICHSPP, San Diego, USA, 1982: 52-58.
[5] 林宗虎. 气液两相流和沸腾传热学[M]. 西安:西安交通大学出版社,2003.
[6] C.C. Hsieh. Dynamic visualization of two-phase flow patterns in a natural circulation loop[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1997, 23(6): 1147-1169.
[7] K.J.Hay, Z.C.Liu, T.J.Hanratty. A backlighted imaging technique for particle size measurements in two-phase flows[J]. Experiments in Fluids, 1998, 25(3): 226-232.
[8] Hong-Wei Li, Yun-Long Zhou, Yan-Dong Hou, et al. Flow pattern map and time-frequency spectrum characteristics of nitrogen-water two-phase flow in small vertical upward noncircular channels[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2014, 54: 47-60.
[9] 周云龙,陈飞,孙斌. 基于灰度共生矩阵和支持向量机的气液两相流流型识别[J]. 化工学报,2007,58(9):2232-2237.
[10] 王跃社,刘磊,周芳德. 油水乳化液中长气泡漂移速度的研究[J]. 热能动力工程,2001,16(6):604-608.
[11] 邓年茂,陈良益,张建华,等. 高速显微摄影在金属切削、气液双相流等研究领域的应用[J]. 光子学报,1993,22(4):337-341.
[12] 王振亚,金宁德,王淳,等. 基于图像纹理分析的两相流流型时空演化特性[J]. 化工学报,2008,59(5):1122-1130.
[13] 刘磊,龚圣捷,孙贺东,等. 弹状流长气泡区液膜流动的连续波特性[J]. 工程热物理学报,2004,25(6):971-973.
[14] Bui T Dinh, Choi T S. Application of image processing techniques in air/water two-phase flow[J]. Mechanics Research Cbmmunications, 1999, 26(4): 463-468.
[15] M.Gopal. Development of digital image analysis techniques for the study of velocity and void profiles in slug flow[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1997, 23(5): 945-965.
[16] Jorge López, Hugo Pineda, David Bello, et al. Study of Liquid-Gas Two-Phase Flow in Horizontal Pipes using High Speed Filming and Computational Fluid Dynamics[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Accepted Manuscript.
[17] 龚圣捷,刘磊,张海鹏,等. 水平管泡状流强制扰动下的空隙波特性[J]. 西安交通大学学报,2004,38(5):537-540.
[18] Spindler K, Hahne E. An experimental study of the voidfraction distribution in adiabatic water-air two-phase flowsin an inclined tubes[J]. Int J of Therm Sci, 1999, 38 (2): 305-314.
[19] M.J.Da Silva. High-resolution gas-oil two-phase flow visualization with a capacitance wire-mesh sensor[J]. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 2010, 21(3): 191-197.
[20] A. Abubakar, Y. Al-Wahaibi, T. Al-Wahaibi, et al. Effect of low interfacial tension on flow patterns, pressure gradients and holdups of medium-viscosity oil/water flow in horizontal pipe[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2015, 68: 58-67.
[21] 黄春辉,胡金海,刘兴斌,等. 基于高速摄像与多参数结合的油水两相流流型实验分析[J]. 测井技术,2014,38(5):526-529.
[22] 刘通. 产液气井两相流机理模型研究[D]. 成都:西南石油大学,2014.
[23] Shanfang Huang, Bingdong Zhang, Jun Lu, et al. Study on flow pattern maps in hilly-terrain air-water-oil three-phase flows[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2013, 47: 158-171.
[24] 王跃社,刘磊,周芳德. 圆管内油气水三相弹状流的生成和发展[J]. 西安交通大学学报,2001,35(1):5-9.
[25] 许明. 小管径多相流特性及流动参数测量研究[D]. 合肥:中国科学技术大学,2012.
[26] 许道振,张国忠,SRDJAN Nesic,等. 积水在上倾输油管中运动状态研究[J]. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2012,36(6):147-152.
[27] Fourar M, Bones S. Experimental study of air-water two-phase flow through a fracture(narrow channel)[J]. Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 1995, 21(4): 621-637.
[28] K.A.Triplett. Gas-liquid two-phase flow in microchannels Part I:two-phase flow patterns[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1999, 25(3): 377-394.
[29] Pansunee Suwankamnerd, Somchai Wongwises. An experimental study of two-phase air-water flow and heat transfer characteristics of segmented flow in a microchannel[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2015, 62: 29-39.
[30] 黄刚. 基于高速摄像系统的小管道气液两相流参数测量方法研究[D]. 杭州:浙江大学,2012.
[31] 付鑫,齐守良,张鹏,等. 小通道内液氮流动沸腾的可视化研究[J]. 工程热物理学报,2008,29(6):1035-1038.
[32] Chen W L, Twu M C, Pan C. Gas-liquid two-phase flow in micro-channels[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2002, 28: 1411-1435.
[33] A.Kawahara. Investigation of two-phase flow pattern, void fraction and pressure drop in a microchannel[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2002, 28(9): 1411-1435.
[34] 闫超星,阎昌琪,孙立成,等. 倾斜通道内泡状流空泡份额分布特性[J]. 化工学报,2014,65(3):855-861.
[35] Y.S. Lim, S.C.M. Yu, N.T. Nguyen. Flow visualization and heat transfer characteristics of gas-liquid two-phase flow in microtube under constant heat flux at wall[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2013, 56: 350-359.
[36] Shen X Z, Hibiki T, Ono T, et al. One-dimensional interfacial area transport of vertical upward bubbly flow in narrow rectangular channel[J]. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 2012, 36: 72-82.
[37] 姜北. 基于高速摄像的小管道气液两相流段塞流相含率测量研究[D]. 杭州:浙江大学,2014.
[38] 朱春英,付涛涛,高习群,等. 微通道内液液两相流流型[J]. 化工进展,2011,30(增刊):65-69.
[39] T.S.Zhao. Co-Current Air-Water Two-Phase Flow Patterns in Vertical Triangular Microchannels[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2001, 27(5): 765-782.
[40] 季喜燕. 微通道内气液两相流动及传质过程研究[D]. 天津:天津大学,2011.
[41] 温宇,朱春英,付涛涛,等. 完全阻塞气泡在T型不等宽微通道分岔口的破裂动力学[J]. 化工进展,2015,34(11):3886-3891.
[42] Som chai Wongwises. Flow pattern, pressure drop and void fraction of two-phase gas-liquid flow in an inclined narrow annular channel[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2006, 30(4): 345-354.
[43] Ekberg N P, Ghiaasiaan S M, Abdel-Khalik S I, et al. Gas-liquid two-phase flow in narrow horizontal annuli[J]. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 1999, 192: 59-80.
[44] Saisorn S, Wongwises S. Flow pattern, void fraction and pressure drop of two-phase air-water flow in a horizontal circular micro-channel[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2006, 30(4): 345-354.
[45] Sira Saisorn, Jatuporn Kaew-On, Somchai Wongwises. An experimental investigation of flow boiling heat transfer of R-134a in horizontal and vertical mini-channels[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2013, 46: 232-244.
[46] Sira Saisorn, Somchai Wongwises. Adiabatic two-phase gas-liquid flow behaviors during upward flow in a vertical circular micro-channel[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2015, 69: 158-168.
[47] Rao Yongchao, Wang Shuli, Zhou Shidong, et al. Experimental research on velocity distribution and attenuation characteristic of spiral flow by LDV[J]. Journal of Fluids Engineering, 2014, 136(1): 011104-1～011104-9.
[48] 王树立. 气体水合物管道输送方法及设备[P]. ZL.201210458591.8
[49] 王树立,饶永超,周诗岽,等. 水合物法天然气管道输送的实验研究[J]. 天然气工业,2014,34(11):101-107.