柱色谱分离法预测塔河常压渣油脱沥青油杂质含量的研究
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摘要
塔河原油是一种沥青质含量高、残炭高、金属含量高、酸值高的重质原油,为避免传统加工过程中的高温腐蚀和塔河渣油进催化裂化装置的高残炭、高金属含量等问题,考虑将塔河原油经常压闪蒸后的渣油直接作为溶剂脱沥青的原料。采用挂片失重试验对塔河原油的腐蚀性进行了研究,同时对适宜闪蒸温度下的常压闪蒸渣油进行了六组分分离,并对各组分的化学性质和结构参数进行了分析。结果表明:53.89%的硫、86.97%的氮、98%以上的镍、钒金属存在于胶质和沥青质组分中;随着组分加重,芳碳率fA增加,H/C原子比、环烷碳分率fN和芳香环系缩合度参数HAU/CA减小;将塔河常压闪蒸渣油在不同柱色谱馏出油收率下的杂质脱除率曲线与溶剂脱沥青中试结果对比发现,两者有较好的相似度,表明采用柱色谱分离方法可以在一定程度上来预测溶剂脱沥青过程不同脱沥青油收率时的杂质含量,可指导塔河常压闪蒸渣油溶剂脱沥青过程的操作。
Tahe crude oil is a heavy crude oil with high content of asphaltene,carbon residue,metal and high acid value.The corrosion of Tahe crude oil was investigated by the weight loss of hanging slice method.Tahe atmospheric residue after flashing was directly used as the solvent deasphalting raw material in this work.Tahe atmospheric residue was separated into six fractions and the structure parameters of the six fractions were calculated by the modified Brown-Ladner method.The results indicate that53.89% of sulfur,86.97% of nitrogen and more than 98% of Ni and V metals exist in resin and asphaltene.With the deterioration of the fractions,fAincreases,while H/C ratio,fN and HAU/CA decrease.There is a good correlation between the impurity removal rate under different chromatographic effluent yield and the results of solvent deasphalting process in pilot plant,indicating that the chromatographic separation method can be used to predict the impurity content of deasphalted oil with different yield of deasphalting process and to guide the solvent deasphalting process.
Tahe crude oil is a heavy crude oil with high content of asphaltene,carbon residue,metal and high acid value.The corrosion of Tahe crude oil was investigated by the weight loss of hanging slice method.Tahe atmospheric residue after flashing was directly used as the solvent deasphalting raw material in this work.Tahe atmospheric residue was separated into six fractions and the structure parameters of the six fractions were calculated by the modified Brown-Ladner method.The results indicate that53.89% of sulfur,86.97% of nitrogen and more than 98% of Ni and V metals exist in resin and asphaltene.With the deterioration of the fractions,fAincreases,while H/C ratio,fN and HAU/CA decrease.There is a good correlation between the impurity removal rate under different chromatographic effluent yield and the results of solvent deasphalting process in pilot plant,indicating that the chromatographic separation method can be used to predict the impurity content of deasphalted oil with different yield of deasphalting process and to guide the solvent deasphalting process.
引文
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[5]张学辉,黄新露,刘涛,等.沙特减压渣油组成的研究[J].当代化工,2008,37(2):150-152
[6]周晓龙,陈绍洲,常可怡.减压渣油组成和结构研究[J].华东理工大学学报,1995,21(6):649-653
[7]Liu Yingrong,Zhang Qundan,Wang Wei,et al.Changes of petroleum acid distribution characterized by FT-ICR MS in heavy acidic crude oil after true boiling point distillation[J].China Petroleum Processing and Petrochemical Technology,2014,16(1):8-12
[8]梁文杰,阙国和,陈月珠,等.我国原油减压渣油的化学组分与结构:Ⅰ.减压渣油化学组成[J].石油学报(石油加工),1991,7(3):1-7
[9]柴志杰,郭皎河,王义博,等.提高塔河原油所产沥青闪点的技术研究[J].石油炼制与化工,2014,45(1):55-58
[10]段晓磊,王金刚,丁振君,等.塔河原油对常压设备腐蚀分析[J].化工装备技术,2009,30(1):49-52
[11]宁爱民,沈本贤,刘纪昌,等.常压闪蒸-溶剂脱沥青组合工艺提高塔河原油加工中液体收率的研究[J].石油炼制与化工,2014,45(11):74-79
[12]汪燮卿,傅晓钦,田松柏,等.高酸原油流化催化裂解脱羧酸[J].当代石油石化,2006,14(10):7-13
[13]林世雄.石油炼制工程[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000:56
[14]梁文杰,阙国和,陈月珠.用1 H-核磁共振波谱法对几种国产减压渣油化学结构的初步研究[J].石油炼制,1982(4):40-48
[15]龙军,王子龙,黄伟祁,等.重溶剂脱沥青在含硫渣油加工中的应用[J].石油炼制与化工,2004,35(3):1-5