锡林浩特市胜利矿区近30 a植被覆盖度变化研究
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摘要
为研究内蒙古锡林浩特市胜利矿区近30 a植被覆盖度变化情况及其影响因素,采用Sen斜率估计和M-K检验法分析NDVI变化趋势;基于像元尺度分析植被变化,研究其空间差异性;通过转移矩阵研究植被覆盖度稳定性、降雨和地形因子对植被覆盖度的影响程度。结果表明:(1)近30 a胜利矿区NDVI均值呈缓慢下降趋势;(2)植被损伤区面积占研究区总面积的23. 02%,分布于矿业景观和城镇建设景观;植被恢复区面积占研究区总面积的3. 11%,分布于人工草场与湿地;(3)植被覆盖度不稳定,易发生转移;(4)排土场高程和坡度与植被覆盖度呈显著负相关,坡向与植被覆盖度关系不显著。
This paper focused on the change of vegetation coverage and its influencing factors in Xilinhot's Shengli mining area in recent 30 years in Inner Mongolia. Sen gradient estimation and M-K test were used to analyze the trend of NDVI. Vegetation coverage changes were analyzed based on pixel scale and their spatial differeces were studied. The stability of vegetation coverage,the influence of rainfall and topography tactors were studied by transter matrix. The results indicated that: (1) The average NDVI showed a slowly decreasing trend during the past 30 years; (2) The area of damaged vegetation accounted for 23. 02% of the study area,mainly distributed in mining area and urban building land,such as open pits and dumping sites; The area of vegetation restoration accounted for 3. 11% of the study area,mainly distributed in artificial grassland and Xilin River wetland; (3) Vegetation coverage was extremely unstable and easy to transfer; (4) There was a significant negative correlation between slope and vegetation coverage in open-pit coal mine dumps,the relationship between slope direction and vegetation coverage was not significant.
This paper focused on the change of vegetation coverage and its influencing factors in Xilinhot's Shengli mining area in recent 30 years in Inner Mongolia. Sen gradient estimation and M-K test were used to analyze the trend of NDVI. Vegetation coverage changes were analyzed based on pixel scale and their spatial differeces were studied. The stability of vegetation coverage,the influence of rainfall and topography tactors were studied by transter matrix. The results indicated that: (1) The average NDVI showed a slowly decreasing trend during the past 30 years; (2) The area of damaged vegetation accounted for 23. 02% of the study area,mainly distributed in mining area and urban building land,such as open pits and dumping sites; The area of vegetation restoration accounted for 3. 11% of the study area,mainly distributed in artificial grassland and Xilin River wetland; (3) Vegetation coverage was extremely unstable and easy to transfer; (4) There was a significant negative correlation between slope and vegetation coverage in open-pit coal mine dumps,the relationship between slope direction and vegetation coverage was not significant.
引文
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[21]QIAO W,SHENG Y,FANG B.Land use change information mining in highly urbanized area based on transfer matrix:A case study of Suzhou,Jiangsu province[J].Geographical Research,2013,32(8):1497-1507.
[22]庞博,杜英坤,张晓.基于TM影像的林地变化检测方法对比分析:以伊春市为例[J].北京测绘,2018,32(5):604-609.PANG B,DU Y K,ZHANG X.Comparative analysis with the method of detecting the changes of forests resources based on TM image:A case of Yichun[J].Beijing Surveying&Mapping,2018,32(5):604-609.
[23]王佃来,刘文萍,黄心渊.基于Sen+Mann-Kendall的北京植被变化趋势分析[J].计算机工程与应用,2013,49(5):13-17.WANG D L,LIU W P,HUANG X Y,et al.Trend analysis in vegetation cover in Beijing based on Sen+Mann-Kendall method[J].Computer Engineering&Applications,2013,49(5):13-17.
[24]姚峰,古丽·力帕尔,包安明,等.基于遥感技术的干旱荒漠区露天煤矿植被群落受损评估[J].中国环境科学,2013,33(4):707-713.YAO F,JIAPAER G,BAO A M,et al.Damage assessment of the vegetable types based on remote sensing in the open coalmine of arid desert area[J].China Environmental Science,2013,33(4):707-713.
[25]丁美青,陈松岭,郭云开.基于遥感的土地复垦植被覆盖度评价[J].中国土地科学,2009,23(11):72-75.DING M Q,CHEN S L,GUO Y K.Assessment on the vegetation coverage after land reclamation based on RS[J].China Land Science,2009,23(11):72-75.
[26]TIETJEN B.Same rainfall amount different vegetation:How environmental conditions and their interactions influence savanna dynamics[J].Ecological Modelling,2016,326:13-22.
[27]WHITE A B,KUMAR P,TCHENG D.A data mining approach for understanding topographic control on climate-induced inter-annual vegetation variability over the United States[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2005,98(1):1-20.
[28]杨强,王婷婷,陈昊,等.基于MODIS EVI数据的锡林郭勒盟植被覆盖度变化特征[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(22):191-198.YANG Q,WANG T T,CHEN H,et al.Characteristics of vegetation cover change in Xilin Gol League based on MODIS EVI data[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2015,31(22):191-198.
[29]郭凌俐,王金满,白中科,等.黄土区露天煤矿排土场复垦初期土壤颗粒组成空间变异分析[J].中国矿业,2015(2):52-59.GUO L L,WANG J M,BAI Z K,et al.Analysis of spatial variability of soil granules in early stage of reclamation at opencast coal mine dump in loess area[J].China Mining Magazine,2015(2):52-59.
[30]李建玮,王立新,王炜,等.内蒙古高原典型草原区河漫滩湿地植物群落退化表征[J].植物生态学报,2012,36(1):10-18.LI J W,WANG L X,WANG W,et al.Characterization of degradation of wetland plant communities on floodplain in typical steppe region of Inner Mongolia plateau,China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2012,36(1):10-18.
[31]王志鹏,张宪洲,何永涛,等.2000-2015年青藏高原草地归一化植被指数对降水变化的响应[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(1):75-83.WANG Z P,ZHANG X Z,HE Y T,et al.Responses of normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)to precipitation changes on the grassland of Tibetan Plateau from 2000 to 2015[J].Chinese Journal of Applied E-cology,2018,29(1):75-83.
[32]CHENG S D,LI Z B,LU K X,et al.Spatio-Temporal variations in vegetation coverage and correlation with geomorphologic factors in wenanyi watershed[J].Journal of Xian University of Technology,2011,27(2):145-150.
[33]樊强,李素英,关塔拉,等.露天煤矿生产中产生的粉尘对周边植物和土壤的影响[J].环境与发展,2013(9):104-108.FAN Q,LI S Y,GUAN T L,et al.The influence of dust generated in the production of open pit mines on surrounding plants and soil[J].Environment&Development,2013(9):104-108.
[2]孙红雨,王长耀,牛铮,等.中国地表植被覆盖变化及其与气候因子关系:基于NOAA时间序列数据分析[J].遥感学报,1998,2(3):204-210.SUN H Y,WANG C Y,NIU Z,et al.Changes of surface vegetation cover in China and its relationship with climate factors:Based on NOAA time series data analysis[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,1998,2(3):204-210.
[3]杭玉玲,包刚,包玉海,等.2000-2010年锡林郭勒草原植被覆盖时空变化格局及其气候响应[J].草地学报,2014,22(6):1194-1204.HANG Y L,BAO G,BAO Y H,et al.Temporal and spatial variation patterns and vegetation responses of vegetation coverage in Xilin Gol grassland from 2000 to2010[J].Acta Agrestia Sinica,2014,22(6):1194-1204.
[4]BROM J,NEDBAL V,PROCHAZKA J,et al.Changes in vegetation cover,moisture properties and surface temperature of a brown coal dump from 1984 to 2009using satellite data analysis[J].Ecological Engineering,2012,43(7):45-52.
[5]ZHANG Y,YANG J Y,WU H L,et al.Dynamic changes in soil and vegetation during varying ecological-recovery conditions of abandoned mines in Beijing[J].Ecological Engineering,2014,73:676-683.
[6]LEI K,PAN H Y,LIN C Y.A landscape approach towards ecological restoration and sustainable development of mining areas[J].Ecological Engineering,2016,90:320-325.
[7]牛海军.草原露采环境影响后评价与环保措施[J].陕西煤炭,2015,34(3):62-64.NIU H J.Post-evaluation and environmental protection measures for environmental impact of grassland exposure[J].Shaanxi Coal,2015,34(3):62-64.
[8]KENNEDY R E,YANG Z,BRAATEN J,et al.Attribution of disturbance change agent from Landsat time-series in support of habitat monitoring in the Puget Sound region,USA[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2015,166:271-285.
[9]王海梅,李政海,王珍.气候和放牧对锡林郭勒地区植被覆盖变化的影响[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(1):156-160.WANG H M,LI Z H,WANG Z.Effects of climate and grazing on the vegetation cover change in Xilinguole League of Inner Mongolia,North China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2013,24(24):156-160.
[10]FRASTER R H,LANTZ T C,OLTHOF I,et al.Warming-induced shrub expansion and Lichen decline in the Western Canadian arctic[J].Ecosystems,2014,17(7):1151-1168.
[11]李晶,ZIPPER C,李松,等.基于时序NDVI的露天煤矿区土地损毁与复垦过程特征分析[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(16):251-257.LI J,ZIPPER C,LI S,et al.Character analysis of mining disturbance and reclamation trajectory in surface coal-mine area by time-series NDVI[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2015,31(16):251-257.
[12]贾铎,牟守国,赵华.基于SSA-Mann Kendall的草原露天矿区NDVI时间序列分析[J].地球信息科学学报,2016,18(8):1110-1122.JIA D,MU S G,ZHAO H.Analysis of NDVI time series in grassland open-cast coal mines based on SSA-Mann Kendall[J].Journal of Geo-Information Science,2016,18(8):1110-1122.
[13]贾铎,王藏姣,牟守国,等.基于NDVI时间序列轨迹的草原露天矿区植被时空动态特征[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(6):1808-1816.JIA D,WANG C J,MU S G,et al.Vegetation spatial and temporal dynamic characteristics based on NDVItime series trajectories in grassland opencast coal mining[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2017,28(6):1808-1816.
[14]吴立新,马保东,刘善军.基于SPOT卫星NDVI数据的神东矿区植被覆盖动态变化分析[J].煤炭学报,2009,27(9):1217-1222.WU L X,MA B D,LIU S J,et al.Analysis to vegetation coverage change in Shendong mining area with SPOTNDVI data[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,27(9):1217-1222.
[15]王藏姣,贾铎,雷少刚,等.基于时间分割算法的半干旱矿区植被动态特征分析[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(2):477-483.WANG C J,JIA D,LEI S G,et al.Analysis of dynamic characteristics of vegetation in semi-arid mining area based on time trajectory segmentation algorithm[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(2):477-483.
[16]DETSCH F,OTTE I,APPELHANS T,et al.Seasonal and long-term vegetation dynamics from 1-km GIMMS-based NDVI time series at Mt.Kilimanjaro,Tanzania[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2016,178∶70-83.
[17]史冲.植被指数在植被覆盖度测算中的应用[J].北京测绘,2014(2):94-97.SHI C.Application of vegetation index in vegetation coverage estimation[J].Beijing Surveying&Mapping,2014(2):94-97.
[18]LI Z,ZHANG Y,ZHU Q,et al.Assessment of bank gully development and vegetation coverage on the Chinese loess plateau[J].Geomorphology,2015,228(2):462-469.
[19]匡薇,马勇刚,李宏,等.中亚1999-2012年间土地退化强度与趋势分析[J].国土资源遥感,2014,26(4):163-169.KUANG W,MA Y G,LI H,et al.Analysis of land degradation intensity and trend in Central Asia from 1999to 2012[J].Remote Sensing for Land&Resources,2014,26(4):163-169.
[20]任健美,尤莉,高建峰,等.鄂尔多斯高原近40 a气候变化研究[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(6):874-879.REN J M,YOU L,GAO J F,et al.Study on climate change of the Ordos plateau in the past 40 years[J].Journal of Desert Research,2005,25(6):874-879.
[21]QIAO W,SHENG Y,FANG B.Land use change information mining in highly urbanized area based on transfer matrix:A case study of Suzhou,Jiangsu province[J].Geographical Research,2013,32(8):1497-1507.
[22]庞博,杜英坤,张晓.基于TM影像的林地变化检测方法对比分析:以伊春市为例[J].北京测绘,2018,32(5):604-609.PANG B,DU Y K,ZHANG X.Comparative analysis with the method of detecting the changes of forests resources based on TM image:A case of Yichun[J].Beijing Surveying&Mapping,2018,32(5):604-609.
[23]王佃来,刘文萍,黄心渊.基于Sen+Mann-Kendall的北京植被变化趋势分析[J].计算机工程与应用,2013,49(5):13-17.WANG D L,LIU W P,HUANG X Y,et al.Trend analysis in vegetation cover in Beijing based on Sen+Mann-Kendall method[J].Computer Engineering&Applications,2013,49(5):13-17.
[24]姚峰,古丽·力帕尔,包安明,等.基于遥感技术的干旱荒漠区露天煤矿植被群落受损评估[J].中国环境科学,2013,33(4):707-713.YAO F,JIAPAER G,BAO A M,et al.Damage assessment of the vegetable types based on remote sensing in the open coalmine of arid desert area[J].China Environmental Science,2013,33(4):707-713.
[25]丁美青,陈松岭,郭云开.基于遥感的土地复垦植被覆盖度评价[J].中国土地科学,2009,23(11):72-75.DING M Q,CHEN S L,GUO Y K.Assessment on the vegetation coverage after land reclamation based on RS[J].China Land Science,2009,23(11):72-75.
[26]TIETJEN B.Same rainfall amount different vegetation:How environmental conditions and their interactions influence savanna dynamics[J].Ecological Modelling,2016,326:13-22.
[27]WHITE A B,KUMAR P,TCHENG D.A data mining approach for understanding topographic control on climate-induced inter-annual vegetation variability over the United States[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2005,98(1):1-20.
[28]杨强,王婷婷,陈昊,等.基于MODIS EVI数据的锡林郭勒盟植被覆盖度变化特征[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(22):191-198.YANG Q,WANG T T,CHEN H,et al.Characteristics of vegetation cover change in Xilin Gol League based on MODIS EVI data[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2015,31(22):191-198.
[29]郭凌俐,王金满,白中科,等.黄土区露天煤矿排土场复垦初期土壤颗粒组成空间变异分析[J].中国矿业,2015(2):52-59.GUO L L,WANG J M,BAI Z K,et al.Analysis of spatial variability of soil granules in early stage of reclamation at opencast coal mine dump in loess area[J].China Mining Magazine,2015(2):52-59.
[30]李建玮,王立新,王炜,等.内蒙古高原典型草原区河漫滩湿地植物群落退化表征[J].植物生态学报,2012,36(1):10-18.LI J W,WANG L X,WANG W,et al.Characterization of degradation of wetland plant communities on floodplain in typical steppe region of Inner Mongolia plateau,China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2012,36(1):10-18.
[31]王志鹏,张宪洲,何永涛,等.2000-2015年青藏高原草地归一化植被指数对降水变化的响应[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(1):75-83.WANG Z P,ZHANG X Z,HE Y T,et al.Responses of normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)to precipitation changes on the grassland of Tibetan Plateau from 2000 to 2015[J].Chinese Journal of Applied E-cology,2018,29(1):75-83.
[32]CHENG S D,LI Z B,LU K X,et al.Spatio-Temporal variations in vegetation coverage and correlation with geomorphologic factors in wenanyi watershed[J].Journal of Xian University of Technology,2011,27(2):145-150.
[33]樊强,李素英,关塔拉,等.露天煤矿生产中产生的粉尘对周边植物和土壤的影响[J].环境与发展,2013(9):104-108.FAN Q,LI S Y,GUAN T L,et al.The influence of dust generated in the production of open pit mines on surrounding plants and soil[J].Environment&Development,2013(9):104-108.