Wavelength dependence of intrinsic detection efficiency of NbN superconducting nanowire single-photon detector
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摘要
Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors(SNSPDs) have attracted considerable attention owing to their excellent detection performance; however, the underlying physics of the detection process is still unclear.In this study, we investigate the wavelength dependence of the intrinsic detection efficiency(IDE) for NbN SNSPDs.We fabricate various NbN SNSPDs with linewidths ranging from 30 nm to 140 nm.Then, for each detector, the IDE curves as a function of bias current for different incident photon wavelengths of 510–1700 nm are obtained.From the IDE curves, the relations between photon energy and bias current at a certain IDE are extracted.The results exhibit clear nonlinear energy–current relations for the NbN detectors, indicating that a detection model only considering quasiparticle diffusion is unsuitable for the meander-type NbN-based SNSPDs.Our work provides additional experimental data on SNSPD detection mechanism and may serve as an interesting reference for further investigation.
Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors(SNSPDs) have attracted considerable attention owing to their excellent detection performance; however, the underlying physics of the detection process is still unclear.In this study, we investigate the wavelength dependence of the intrinsic detection efficiency(IDE) for NbN SNSPDs.We fabricate various NbN SNSPDs with linewidths ranging from 30 nm to 140 nm.Then, for each detector, the IDE curves as a function of bias current for different incident photon wavelengths of 510–1700 nm are obtained.From the IDE curves, the relations between photon energy and bias current at a certain IDE are extracted.The results exhibit clear nonlinear energy–current relations for the NbN detectors, indicating that a detection model only considering quasiparticle diffusion is unsuitable for the meander-type NbN-based SNSPDs.Our work provides additional experimental data on SNSPD detection mechanism and may serve as an interesting reference for further investigation.
Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors(SNSPDs) have attracted considerable attention owing to their excellent detection performance; however, the underlying physics of the detection process is still unclear.In this study, we investigate the wavelength dependence of the intrinsic detection efficiency(IDE) for NbN SNSPDs.We fabricate various NbN SNSPDs with linewidths ranging from 30 nm to 140 nm.Then, for each detector, the IDE curves as a function of bias current for different incident photon wavelengths of 510–1700 nm are obtained.From the IDE curves, the relations between photon energy and bias current at a certain IDE are extracted.The results exhibit clear nonlinear energy–current relations for the NbN detectors, indicating that a detection model only considering quasiparticle diffusion is unsuitable for the meander-type NbN-based SNSPDs.Our work provides additional experimental data on SNSPD detection mechanism and may serve as an interesting reference for further investigation.
引文
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[28]Caloz M, Korzh B, Timoney N, Weiss M, Gariglio S, Warburton R J,Sch?nenberger C, Renema J, Zbinden H and Bussières F 2017 Appl.Phys.Lett.110 083106
[2]Yin H L, Chen T Y, Yu Z W, Liu H, You L X, Zhou Y H, Chen S J, Mao Y, Huang M Q, Zhang W J, Chen H, Li M J, Nolan D, Zhou F, Jiang X,Wang Z, Zhang Q, Wang X B and Pan J W 2016 Phys.Rev.Lett.117190501
[3]Liao S K, Cai W Q, Liu W Y, Zhang L, Li Y, Ren J G, Yin J, Shen Q,Cao Y, Li Z P, Li F Z, Chen X W, Sun L H, Jia J J, Wu J C, Jiang X J,Wang J F, Huang Y M, Wang Q, Zhou Y L, Deng L, Xi T, Ma L, Hu T, Zhang Q, Chen Y A, Liu N L, Wang X B, Zhu Z C, Lu C Y, Shu R,Peng C Z, Wang J Y and Pan J W 2017 Nature 549 43
[4]Robinson B S, Kerman A J, Dauler E A, Barron R O, Caplan D O,Stevens M L, Carney J J, Hamilton S A, Yang J K W and Berggren K K 2006 Opt.Lett.31 444
[5]Xue L, Li Z, Zhang L, Zhai D, Li Y, Zhang S, Li M, Kang L, Chen J,Wu P and Xiong Y 2016 Opt.Lett.41 3848
[6]Zhu J, Chen Y, Zhang L, Jia X, Feng Z, Wu G, Yan X, Zhai J, Wu Y,Chen Q, Zhou X, Wang Z, Zhang C, Kang L, Chen J and Wu P 2017Sci.Rep.7 15113
[7]Zhang S, Tao X, Feng Z J, Wu G H, Xue L, Yan X C, Zhang L B, Jia X Q, Wang Z Z, Sun J, Dong G Y, Kang L and Wu P H 2016 Acta Phys.Sin.65 188501(in Chinese)
[8]Zhou H, He Y H, Lu C L, You L X, Li Z H, Wu G, Zhang W J, Zhang L, Liu X Y, Yang X Y and Wang Z 2018 Chin.Phys.B 27 018501
[9]Yan X C, Zhu J, Zhang L B, Xing Q L, Chen Y J, Zhu H Q, Li J T, Kang L, Chen J and Wu P H 2017 Acta Phys.Sin.66 198201(in Chinese)
[10]Yamashita T, Liu D, Miki S, Yamamoto J, Haraguchi T, Kinjo M, Hiraoka Y, Wang Z and Terai H 2014 Opt.Express 22 28783
[11]Zhao Q Y, Zhu D, Calandri N, Dane A E, McCaughan A N, Bellei F,Wang H Z, Santavicca D F and Berggren K K 2017 Nat.Photon.11247
[12]Marsili F, Verma V B, Stern J A, Harrington S, Lita A E, Gerrits T,Vayshenker I, Baek B, Shaw M D, Mirin R P and Nam S W 2013 Nat.Photon.7 210
[13]Zhang W, You L, Li H, Huang J, Lv C, Zhang L, Liu X, Wu J, Wang Z and Xie X 2017 Sci.Chin.Phys.Mech.&Astron.60 120314
[14]You L, Yang X, He Y, Zhang W, Liu D, Zhang W, Zhang L, Zhang L,Liu X, Chen S, Wang Z and Xie X 2013 AIP Adv.3 072135
[15]Calandri N, Zhao Q Y, Zhu D, Dane A and Berggren K K 2016 Appl.Phys.Lett.109 152601
[16]Cheng Y H, Gu C and Hu X L 2017 Appl.Phys.Lett.111 062604
[17]Korzh B A, Zhao Q Y, Frasca S, Allmaras J P, Autry T M, Bersin E A, Colangelo M, Crouch G M, Dane A E, Gerrits T, Marsili F, Moody G, Ramirez E, Rezac J D, Stevens M J, Wollman E E, Zhu D, Hale P D, Silverman K L, Mirin R P, Nam S W, Shaw M D and Berggren K K2018 arXiv:1804.06839
[18]Semenov A, Engel A, Hübers H W, Il’in K and Siegel M 2005 Eur.Phys.J.B 47 495
[19]Bulaevskii L N, Graf M J, Batista C D and Kogan V G 2011 Phys.Rev.B 83 144526
[20]Bulaevskii L N, Graf M J and Kogan V G 2012 Phys.Rev.B 85 014505
[21]Renema J J, Frucci G, Zhou Z, Mattioli F, Gaggero A, Leoni R, de Dood M J A, Fiore A and van Exter M P 2013 Phys.Rev.B 87 174526
[22]Lusche R, Semenov A, Korneeva Y, Trifonov A, Korneev A, Gol’tsman G and Hübers H W 2014 Phys.Rev.B 89 104513
[23]Renema J J, Wang Q, Gaudio R, Komen I, op’t Hoog K, Sahin D,Schilling A, van Exter M P, Fiore A, Engel A and de Dood M J 2015Nano Lett.15 4541
[24]Gol’tsman G N, Okunev O, Chulkova G, Lipatov A, Semenov A,Smirnov K, Voronov B, Dzardanov A, Williams C and Sobolewski R2001 Appl.Phys.Lett.79 705
[25]Vodolazov D Y, Korneeva Y P, Semenov A V, Korneev A A and Goltsman G N 2015 Phys.Rev.B 92 104503
[26]Renema J J, Gaudio R, Wang Q, Zhou Z, Gaggero A, Mattioli F, Leoni R, Sahin D, de Dood M J A, Fiore A and van Exter M P 2014 Phys.Rev.Lett.112 117604
[27]Gaudio R, Renema J J, Zhou Z, Verma V B, Lita A E, Shainline J,Stevens M J, Mirin R P, Nam S W, van Exter M P, de Dood M J A and Fiore A 2016 Appl.Phys.Lett.109 031101
[28]Caloz M, Korzh B, Timoney N, Weiss M, Gariglio S, Warburton R J,Sch?nenberger C, Renema J, Zbinden H and Bussières F 2017 Appl.Phys.Lett.110 083106