齿轮泵无轴向泄漏的新结构研究
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摘要
为解决轴向泄漏造成齿轮泵容积效率下降的问题,提出一款无轴向泄漏的新结构,即将普通泵直径小于根圆的滑动轴承结构,变更为直径介于根圆与节圆之间的同步圆盘轴-浮动侧板轴承新结构,两对同步圆盘轴被分别固定在主动齿轮和从动齿轮的前、后两侧。推导出压紧力和压紧力系数、轴向泄漏率的计算公式,并进行实例计算及分析。结果表明:齿轮泵无轴向泄漏结构的压紧力系数为1.18,符合小于1.2的要求;新结构轴向泄漏率仅为原结构的7%,可视为无轴向泄漏;偏心率降低了11%,最小油膜厚度增加了4%,有利于润滑改善;轴宽由15 mm变为10 mm,有利于降低轴向尺寸和轻量化设计。
In order to solve the problem of volume efficiency reduction caused by axial leakage in external gear pumps,an new structure scheme of external gear pump without axial leakage was proposed,in which a new structure of synchronous disc shaft-floating side plate bearing with diameter between the root circle and the pitch circle was used to replace the structure of sliding bearing of ordinary pump with diameter less than the root circle,and two pairs of synchronous disk shaft was respectively fixed on front-end and back-end of driving gear and driven gear.The calculation formula of compression force and compression force coefficient and the axial leakage were derived.an example of calculation and analysis was given.The results show that the compaction force coefficient of the new structure of gear pump without axial leakage is 1.18,which meets the requirement of less than 1.2.The axial leakage rate of the new structure is only 7% of that of the original structure,which can be really regarded as no axial leakage.The eccentricity is reduced by 11%,and the minimum oil film thickness is increased by 4%,which is helpful for lubricating performance improvement.The bearing width is reduced from 15 mm to 10 mm,which is helpful for reducing axial size and lightweight design of gear pumps.
In order to solve the problem of volume efficiency reduction caused by axial leakage in external gear pumps,an new structure scheme of external gear pump without axial leakage was proposed,in which a new structure of synchronous disc shaft-floating side plate bearing with diameter between the root circle and the pitch circle was used to replace the structure of sliding bearing of ordinary pump with diameter less than the root circle,and two pairs of synchronous disk shaft was respectively fixed on front-end and back-end of driving gear and driven gear.The calculation formula of compression force and compression force coefficient and the axial leakage were derived.an example of calculation and analysis was given.The results show that the compaction force coefficient of the new structure of gear pump without axial leakage is 1.18,which meets the requirement of less than 1.2.The axial leakage rate of the new structure is only 7% of that of the original structure,which can be really regarded as no axial leakage.The eccentricity is reduced by 11%,and the minimum oil film thickness is increased by 4%,which is helpful for lubricating performance improvement.The bearing width is reduced from 15 mm to 10 mm,which is helpful for reducing axial size and lightweight design of gear pumps.
引文
[1]李玉龙.外啮合齿轮泵困油机理、模型及试验研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2009.
[2]何存兴.液压元件[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1985.
[3]陈英,荆宝德,王义强.外啮合齿轮泵内泄漏理论模型的建立及参数优化[J].机床与液压,2007,35(10):108-110.CHEN Y,JING B D,WANG Y Q.The foundation and parameters optimization of internal leakage theoretic model on external gear pump[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2007,35(10):108-110.
[4]李玉龙.异齿数和侧板倾斜对齿轮泵轴向困油泄漏的影响[J].液压与气动,2011(7):12-14.LI Y L.Impact of sloping side panel and different number of teeth on axial leaking flow from trapped volume of external gear pump[J].Chinese Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2011(7):12-14.
[5]吕程辉.内啮合齿轮泵轴向间隙自动补偿研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2015.
[6]李玉龙,孙付春.中高压外啮合齿轮泵端面间隙的理论计算[J].排灌机械工程学报,2012,30(2):147-152.LI Y L,SUN F C.Theoretical calculation of axial clearance in medium or high pressure external gear pumps[J].Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering,2011,29(2):118-122.
[7]李玉龙,许泽银,徐强.齿轮泵补偿面设计的参数化研究[J].农业机械学报,2005,36(8):70-73.LI Y L,XU Z Y,XU Q.Parameter design of balance area for external gear pump[J].Transactions of the CSAM,2005,36(8):70-73.
[8]李玉龙,孙付春,姚旗,等.航天器用超低黏度齿轮泵轻量化设计[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(21):109-114.LI Y L,SUN F C,YAO Q,et al.Optimization design of gear pumps in spacecraft with ultra low viscosity medium[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2016,32(21):109-114.
[9]李玉龙,唐茂,孙付春.齿轮泵齿轮端面润滑性能的有效改善[J].机械科学与技术,2014,33(12):1876-1879.LI Y L,TANG M,SUN F C.Improvement of lubrication performance on gear end-surface in external gear pumps[J].Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering,2014,33(12):1876-1879.
[10]李玉龙,唐茂,孙付春.一种强化齿轮端面动压润滑效应的外啮合齿轮泵:ZL201310655531.X[P].2014-03-26.
[11]陈建强,于兰英,王国志,等.大侧隙外啮合齿轮泵主动轮受液压径向力研究[J].机床与液压,2018,46(13):59-62.CHEN J Q,YU L Y,WANG G Z,et al.Research on hydraulic radial force on driving wheel of large backlash external gear pump[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2018,46(13):59-62.
[12]《机械设计手册》编委会.机械设计手册单行本:滑动轴承[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007.
[13]李玉龙,钟飞,文昌明.滑动轴承承载量系数曲面拟合的高效实现[J].成都大学学报(自然科学版),2017,36(2):183-186.LI Y L,ZHONG F,WEN C M.Effective realization of surface fitting of sliding bearing capacity coefficient[J].Journal of Chengdu University(Natural Science Edition),2017,36(2):183-186.
[2]何存兴.液压元件[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1985.
[3]陈英,荆宝德,王义强.外啮合齿轮泵内泄漏理论模型的建立及参数优化[J].机床与液压,2007,35(10):108-110.CHEN Y,JING B D,WANG Y Q.The foundation and parameters optimization of internal leakage theoretic model on external gear pump[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2007,35(10):108-110.
[4]李玉龙.异齿数和侧板倾斜对齿轮泵轴向困油泄漏的影响[J].液压与气动,2011(7):12-14.LI Y L.Impact of sloping side panel and different number of teeth on axial leaking flow from trapped volume of external gear pump[J].Chinese Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2011(7):12-14.
[5]吕程辉.内啮合齿轮泵轴向间隙自动补偿研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2015.
[6]李玉龙,孙付春.中高压外啮合齿轮泵端面间隙的理论计算[J].排灌机械工程学报,2012,30(2):147-152.LI Y L,SUN F C.Theoretical calculation of axial clearance in medium or high pressure external gear pumps[J].Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering,2011,29(2):118-122.
[7]李玉龙,许泽银,徐强.齿轮泵补偿面设计的参数化研究[J].农业机械学报,2005,36(8):70-73.LI Y L,XU Z Y,XU Q.Parameter design of balance area for external gear pump[J].Transactions of the CSAM,2005,36(8):70-73.
[8]李玉龙,孙付春,姚旗,等.航天器用超低黏度齿轮泵轻量化设计[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(21):109-114.LI Y L,SUN F C,YAO Q,et al.Optimization design of gear pumps in spacecraft with ultra low viscosity medium[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2016,32(21):109-114.
[9]李玉龙,唐茂,孙付春.齿轮泵齿轮端面润滑性能的有效改善[J].机械科学与技术,2014,33(12):1876-1879.LI Y L,TANG M,SUN F C.Improvement of lubrication performance on gear end-surface in external gear pumps[J].Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering,2014,33(12):1876-1879.
[10]李玉龙,唐茂,孙付春.一种强化齿轮端面动压润滑效应的外啮合齿轮泵:ZL201310655531.X[P].2014-03-26.
[11]陈建强,于兰英,王国志,等.大侧隙外啮合齿轮泵主动轮受液压径向力研究[J].机床与液压,2018,46(13):59-62.CHEN J Q,YU L Y,WANG G Z,et al.Research on hydraulic radial force on driving wheel of large backlash external gear pump[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2018,46(13):59-62.
[12]《机械设计手册》编委会.机械设计手册单行本:滑动轴承[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007.
[13]李玉龙,钟飞,文昌明.滑动轴承承载量系数曲面拟合的高效实现[J].成都大学学报(自然科学版),2017,36(2):183-186.LI Y L,ZHONG F,WEN C M.Effective realization of surface fitting of sliding bearing capacity coefficient[J].Journal of Chengdu University(Natural Science Edition),2017,36(2):183-186.