气体催化渗氮对12Cr1MoV钢力学性能的影响
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摘要
对12Cr1MoV钢进行了气体催化渗氮表面改性处理,通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪分析了渗氮层组织和物相,利用显微硬度计和摩擦磨损试验机评价了其力学性能。结果表明:采用气体催化渗氮处理后的样件表面形成了13μm厚的ε-Fe_(2-3)N化合物层以及约900μm扩散层;化合物层表面显微压痕无开裂现象,拉伸试验时化合物层无崩落现象,这表明气体催化渗氮改善了化合物层的强韧性;渗氮后12Cr1MoV钢的强度提高,其屈服强度为460 MPa,抗拉强度为550 MPa,伸长率约为10.9%。摩擦磨损试验表明12Cr1MoV催化气体渗氮后具有较好的耐磨性。
The surface modification of 12 Cr1 MoV steel with gas catalytic nitriding was carried out, and microstructure and phase of nitriding layer were analyzed by means of optical microscope, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractomete, the mechanical properties were evaluated by microhardness test and friction and wear test. The results show that the surface of the samples treated by gas catalytic nitriding has a ε-Fe_(2-3)N compound layer of 13 μm thick and a diffusion layer of about 900 μm thick. There is no crack on the surface of the compound layer and no caving phenomenon in the tensile test, which indicates that the gas catalytic nitriding improves the strength and toughness of the compound layer. After gas catalytic nitriding, the strength of the 12 Cr1 MoV steel is increased, and its yield strength is 460 MPa, the tensile strength is 550 MPa, and the elongation is about 10.9%. Friction and wear tests show that the 12 Cr1 MoV steel has good wear resistance after gas catalytic nitriding.
The surface modification of 12 Cr1 MoV steel with gas catalytic nitriding was carried out, and microstructure and phase of nitriding layer were analyzed by means of optical microscope, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractomete, the mechanical properties were evaluated by microhardness test and friction and wear test. The results show that the surface of the samples treated by gas catalytic nitriding has a ε-Fe_(2-3)N compound layer of 13 μm thick and a diffusion layer of about 900 μm thick. There is no crack on the surface of the compound layer and no caving phenomenon in the tensile test, which indicates that the gas catalytic nitriding improves the strength and toughness of the compound layer. After gas catalytic nitriding, the strength of the 12 Cr1 MoV steel is increased, and its yield strength is 460 MPa, the tensile strength is 550 MPa, and the elongation is about 10.9%. Friction and wear tests show that the 12 Cr1 MoV steel has good wear resistance after gas catalytic nitriding.
引文
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[2] 牛锐锋,尚亮,朱一乔,等.12Cr1MoVG 钢焊接接头粗晶区的再热脆化行为[J].机械工程材料,2015,39(6):79-83.NIU Rui-feng,SHANG Liang,ZHU Yi-qiao,et al.Reheat embrittlement behavior of CGHAZ in welded joint of 12Cr1MoV steel[J].Materials for Mechanical Engineering,2015,39(6):79-83.
[3] 姜勇,巩建鸣,叶有俊,等.基于碳化物相分析法的12Cr1MoV过热器管寿命无损评价[J].材料热处理学报,2011,32(08):15-18.JIANG Yong,GONG Jian-ming,YE You-jun,et al.Nondestructive life assessment based on carbide phase analysis of 12Cr1MoV high temperature superheater tube[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2011,32(8):15-18.
[4] 岑可法,樊建人,池作和,等.锅炉和热交换器的积灰、结渣、磨损和腐蚀的防止原理与计算[M].北京:科学出版社,1994:416-417.
[5] 陈秋龙,杨安静,邹风鸣,等.12Cr1MoV钢中的粒状贝氏体组织与高温性能[J].金属热处理学报,1996(S1):84-89.CHEN Qiu-long,YANG An-jing,ZOU Feng-ming,et al.Granular bainite structure and high temperature performance in 12Cr1MoV steel[J].Transactions of Metal Heat Treatment,1996(S1):84-89.
[6] 张海勇,郭雷.离子渗氮对12Cr1MoV飞灰磨损性能影响的试验研究[J].石油和化工设备,2009,12(10):7-9.ZHANG Hai-yong,GUO Lei.Experimental study on the effect of ion nitriding on the wear performance of 12Cr1MoV fly ash[J].Petro and Chemical Equipment,2009,12(10):7-9.
[7] 程正翠,尚乃霖,练学兵.电解气相离子气体催化渗氮新工艺[J].热处理,2006,21(2):54-55+68.CHENG Zheng-cui,SHANG Nai-lin,LIAN Xue-bing.A new technology of electrolytic gaseous ion catalyzed nitriding[J].Heat Treatment,2006,21(2):54-55+68.
[8] Basu A,Majumdar D J,Chowdhury G S,et al.Microstructural and texture studies of gas-nitrided Cr-coated low-alloy high-carbon steel[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2007,201(16):6985-6992.
[9] 孙金全,崔洪芝,谢鲲,等.一种合金铸铁低温表面催化气体渗氮的新方法:山东,CN101880851A[P].2010-11-10.
[10] 潘健生,朱文琴,胡明娟,等.奥氏体氮碳共渗渗层组织的金相观察[J].金属热处理学报,1991(4):9-16.PAN Jian-sheng,ZHU Wen-qin,HU Ming-juan,et al.Metallographic observation of austenitic nitrocarburizing layer[J].Transactions of Metal Heat Treatment,1991(4):9-16.
[11] 张翔.离子硫氮碳共渗复合氩原子轰击热处理工艺研究[J].中国表面工程,2004(2):30-32.ZHANG Xiang.Study on heat treatment of combined ion SCN Co-diffusion with Ar-bombardment[J].China Surface Engineering,2004(2):30-32.
[12] 刘晓美,高峰.Q345B钢Z向拉伸断口形貌的分析[J].宽厚板,2013,19(5):16-18.LIU Xiao-mei,GAO Feng.Analysis of z-directional tensile fracture morphology for Q345B steel[J].Wide and Heavy Plate,2013,19(5):16-18.
[13] 白锦函,刘社牛,吴静,等.高强度船板AH36的断口不合原因分析[J].河南冶金,2009,17(3):25-26+49.BAI Jin-han,LIU She-niu,WU Jing,et al.Analysis of the reason of high strength structural ship plate AH36 fracture surface unqualified[J].Henan Metallurgy,2009,17(3):25-26+49.
[14] Chen Y,Li Y,Kurosu S,et al.Effects of sigma phase and carbide on the wear behavior of CoCrMo alloys in Hanks' solution[J].Wear,2014,310(1/2):51-62.
[15] Hashempour M,Razavizadeh H,Rezaie H.Investigation on wear mechanism of thermochemically fabricated W-Cu composites[J].Wear,2010,269(5):405-415.
[16] Xu Y,Wang H.Microstructure and room-temperature dry sliding wear behavior of Mo2Ni3Si/γ dual-phase alloy[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2006,42(7):722-726.
[17] Cao Y J,Sun J Q,Ma F,et al.Effect of the microstructure and residual stress on tribological behavior of induction hardened GCr15 steel[J].Tribology International,2017,115:108-115.
[18] 程相征,谢鲲,赫庆坤,等.HT250刹车盘气体渗氮耐磨性研究[J].摩擦学学报,2018,38(3):256-263.CHENG Xiang-zheng,XIE Kun,HE Qing-kun,et al.Wear resistance of the HT250 brake disk treated by gas nitriding[J].Tribology,2018,38(3):256-263.
[19] 杨哲,杨浩鹏,吴晓春,等.H13钢双保温固体渗硼高温磨损机理[J].材料研究学报,2014,28(3):220-226.YANG Zhe,YANG Hao-peng,WU Xiao-chun,et al.Friction and wear mechanism at elevated temperature of H13 Steel with a duplex pack boriding treatment[J].Chinese Journal of Materials Research,2014,28(3):220-226.
[20] 许文花,肖桂勇,陈鹭滨,等.37CrMnMo钢气体渗氮后氮化层的摩擦磨损性能[J].材料热处理学报,2015,36(S2):203-206.XU Wen-hua,XIAO Gui-yong,CHEN Lu-bin,et al.Tribological performance of nitrided layer after gas nitriding[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2015,36(S2):203-206.
[21] Long C G,Wu Y,Hua M Y,et al.Tribological properties of the Ekonol/G/MoS2/PEEK composite under different loads[J].Materials for Mechanical Engineering,2005,29:53-55.
[22] Bahrami A,Anijdan S H M,Golozar M A,et al.Effects of conventional heat treatment on wear resistance of AISI H13 tool steel[J].Wear,2005,258(5/6):846-851.
[23] Zhong H,Chen J,Dai L Y,et al.Effect of counterpart material on the tribological properties of Zr-based bulk metallic glass under relatively heavy loads[J].Wear,2016,346-347:22-28.