日中桥梁护栏设计介绍与对比
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摘要
我国的钢结构桥梁中广泛采用了金属梁柱式护栏。有些桥梁的护栏阻挡性能十足而对乘员的生命安全保护不足,存在阻挡性能等同于安全性能的误区。有些桥梁只保证了行车道净宽,而未保证侧向净宽,存在侵入道路的建筑限界的问题。日本在城市高速道路建设方面处于世界领先水平,这些桥梁一方面严格受限于用地条件,结构总宽被最大限度压缩;另一方面为减小对声环境的影响,护栏与声屏障统筹考虑。通过对日中两国在护栏方面规范的对比,看到两者之间存在明显的差异。得出小型车辆与护栏撞击的安全性问题应得到重视的结论。
Metal beam-column barriers are widely used in steel bridges in China. Some of these bridges have full barrier performance and insufficient protection for passengers' lives. There is a misunderstanding that the barrier performance is equivalent to the safety performance. In some bridges only the net lane width was guarantee, but not the lateral net width, so that the barriers intruded into the building boundary of the road. Japan is the world leader in urban expressway construction. On the one hand, these bridges were strictly limited by land use conditions, and the total width of the structure was compressed to the maximum extent. On the other hand,in order to reduce the impact on the sound environment, barrier and sound barrier were considered as a whole.By comparing the specifications of barrier between China and Japan, it was found that there are obvious differences between them. The conclusions were as follows: the safety of small vehicles colliding with barriers should be paid attention.
Metal beam-column barriers are widely used in steel bridges in China. Some of these bridges have full barrier performance and insufficient protection for passengers' lives. There is a misunderstanding that the barrier performance is equivalent to the safety performance. In some bridges only the net lane width was guarantee, but not the lateral net width, so that the barriers intruded into the building boundary of the road. Japan is the world leader in urban expressway construction. On the one hand, these bridges were strictly limited by land use conditions, and the total width of the structure was compressed to the maximum extent. On the other hand,in order to reduce the impact on the sound environment, barrier and sound barrier were considered as a whole.By comparing the specifications of barrier between China and Japan, it was found that there are obvious differences between them. The conclusions were as follows: the safety of small vehicles colliding with barriers should be paid attention.
引文
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[3] JTG/T D81-2017公路交通安全设施设计细则[S]JTG/T D81-2017 Design Guidelines for Highway Safety Facilities[S]
[4] JTG B05-01-2013公路护栏安全性能评价标准[S]JTG B05-01-2013 Standard for Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway Barriers[S]
[5]車両用防護柵標準仕棣·同解説[S].日本道路協会,2004
[6]設計要領第二集橋梁建設編[S].東·中·西日本高速道路株式会社,2013
[7] JTG B01-2014公路工程技术标准[S]JTG B01-2014 Technical Standard of Highway Engineering[S]
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[9] GB 51286-2018城市道路工程技术规范[S]GB 51286-2018 Technical code for urban road engineering[S]
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