吉林省乡村医生职业倦怠调查分析
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摘要
目的对吉林省乡村医生职业倦怠进行调查分析。方法 2017年11月-2018年1月期间,采取问卷调查法,调查吉林省499名乡村医生的职业倦怠情况。结果吉林省乡村医生职业倦怠检出率为65. 13%,轻度、中度和重度职业倦怠分别占职业倦怠乡村医生总数的81. 54%、17. 54%和0. 92%。不同年龄、工作年限以及经济收入等乡村医生情绪衰竭评分差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05),主要经济收入来源在低成就感维度评分差异具有统计学意义。有无不良事件发生的乡村医生在情绪枯竭、去人格化和低成就感等维度评分差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。Logistic回归分析揭示工作年限是情绪枯竭维度影响因素;经济收入是去人格化维度保护性因素;不良事件发生对情绪枯竭以及低成就感维度有显著影响。结论应从提高经济收入和减轻工作强度等方面入手,改善吉林省乡村医生的职业倦怠问题。
Objective To investigate the job burnout of rural doctors in Jilin province and to analyze the causes. Methods A survey was conducted to investigate the job burnout of 499 rural doctors in Jilin province from November 2017 to January 2018 by questionnaire survey. Results The detection rate of job burnout of the rural doctors in Jilin was 65. 13%,of which the mild burnout,moderate burnout and severe burnout accounted for81. 54%,17. 54% and 0. 92% respectively. Different ages,different work seniority,and different income levels had statistically significant difference in terms of emotional exhaustion( P < 0. 05). The main source of income had statistical significance in the dimension of the low sense of accomplishment. The incidence of the adverse events had statistically significant difference in terms of emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and low sense of accomplishment( P < 0. 05). Logistic regression analyses indicated that work seniority was an influencing factor of emotional exhaustion,income was a protective factor of depersonalization,and incidence of adverse events also had a great influence on the emotional exhaustion and low sense of accomplishment. Conclusions It is necessary to improve the income and decrease the work intensity to gradually lower the job burnout of rural doctors.
Objective To investigate the job burnout of rural doctors in Jilin province and to analyze the causes. Methods A survey was conducted to investigate the job burnout of 499 rural doctors in Jilin province from November 2017 to January 2018 by questionnaire survey. Results The detection rate of job burnout of the rural doctors in Jilin was 65. 13%,of which the mild burnout,moderate burnout and severe burnout accounted for81. 54%,17. 54% and 0. 92% respectively. Different ages,different work seniority,and different income levels had statistically significant difference in terms of emotional exhaustion( P < 0. 05). The main source of income had statistical significance in the dimension of the low sense of accomplishment. The incidence of the adverse events had statistically significant difference in terms of emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and low sense of accomplishment( P < 0. 05). Logistic regression analyses indicated that work seniority was an influencing factor of emotional exhaustion,income was a protective factor of depersonalization,and incidence of adverse events also had a great influence on the emotional exhaustion and low sense of accomplishment. Conclusions It is necessary to improve the income and decrease the work intensity to gradually lower the job burnout of rural doctors.
引文
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[9]韩雪梅,王立先,梁艳哲,等.基于结构方程模型的兰州市各县区乡村医生满意度分析[J].中国全科医学,2014,17(25):2933-2936.
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[12]Goehring C,Bouvier GM,Künzi B,et al.Psychosocial and professional characteristics of burnout in Swiss primary care practitioners:A cross-sectional survey[J].Swiss Medical Weekly,2005,135(7-8):101-108.
[13]Embriaco N,Erratum PL.High level of burnout in intensivists-Prevalence and associated factors[J].A-merican Journal of Respiratory&Critical Care Medicine,2007,175(175):1209-1210.
[14]Sharma DC.India still struggles with rural doctor shortages[J].Lancet,2015,86(10011):2381-2382.
[2]Bernardi A,Greenwood A.Old and new rural co-operative medical scheme in China:the usefulness of a historical comparative perspective[J].Asia Pacific Business Review,2014,20(3):356-378.
[3]周冬梅.乡村医生的角色变迁研究[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(6):2763-2765.
[4]荣念赫,陈哲娟,李秋霖.乡村医生薪酬水平现状及影响因素研究-基于北京市和山东省临沂市的调查[J].中国卫生政策研究,2013,6(5):55-56.
[5]孙云.乡村医生职业倦怠与工作满意度、离职倾向的关系研究[D].芜湖:皖南医学院,2015.
[6]李超平,时勘.分配公平与程序公平对工作倦怠的影响[J].心理学报,2003,35(5):677-684.
[7]West CP,Dyrbye LN,Erwin PJ,et al.Interventions to prevent and reduce physician burnout:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Lancet,2016,388(10057):2272-2281.
[8]玉明科,黄家运,韦振翻,等.马山县县乡村三级疾病预防控制人员职业倦怠调查[J].预防医学论坛,2011,17(8):686-687.
[9]韩雪梅,王立先,梁艳哲,等.基于结构方程模型的兰州市各县区乡村医生满意度分析[J].中国全科医学,2014,17(25):2933-2936.
[10]李玉凤.长治市某三甲医院医生职业倦怠情况及对策[J].经营管理者,2016,(35):5.
[11]张明,朱玉洁,彭宇竹.医务人员职业倦怠及其影响因素的研究---以南京市某中医院为例[J].南京医科大学学报(社会科学版),2016,16(2):115-119.
[12]Goehring C,Bouvier GM,Künzi B,et al.Psychosocial and professional characteristics of burnout in Swiss primary care practitioners:A cross-sectional survey[J].Swiss Medical Weekly,2005,135(7-8):101-108.
[13]Embriaco N,Erratum PL.High level of burnout in intensivists-Prevalence and associated factors[J].A-merican Journal of Respiratory&Critical Care Medicine,2007,175(175):1209-1210.
[14]Sharma DC.India still struggles with rural doctor shortages[J].Lancet,2015,86(10011):2381-2382.