井下无线射频识别系统作业环境影响因素分析
|
摘要
以无线射频识别(RFID)技术为控制手段与井下工具进行结合,能够很好地突破现有技术瓶颈,解决压裂级数受限等诸多问题。但在实际情况下,井下环境复杂多变,多种因素都会对射频系统的稳定性造成干扰。为解决这一问题,在完成井下RFID通信系统设计的基础上,根据井下RFID系统的结构特点和工作环境,使用Ansoft Maxwell软件建立井下电磁环境有限元仿真模型,探究了各因素对RFID系统的影响程度以及变化规律。分析结果表明,井下工具金属外壳尺寸和压裂液电导率为主要影响因素。对RFID系统进行的信号接收性能试验也验证了系统能够达到所需性能指标。研究结果对于RFID系统的现场应用具有一定的指导作用。
Combination of radio frequency identification( RFID) technology as a control method with downhole tools can break through the bottleneck of current fracturing technologies and address problems like limited fracturing stages. However,under complex and variable downhole environment,many factors may interfere the stability of the RFID system. To address the problem,based on the designed downhole RFID communication system,according to the structural characteristics and working environment of the downhole RFID system,Ansoft Maxwell software was used to establish the finite element simulation model of the downhole electromagnetic environment to study the influence of various factors on the RFID system. The analyses results show that the metal shell size of the downhole tool and the conductivity of the fracturing fluid are the main influencing factors. The signal receiving performance test of the RFID system is carried out through laboratory tests. The system is proved to achieve the required performance indicators. Engineering suggestions based on the actual situation are proposed.
Combination of radio frequency identification( RFID) technology as a control method with downhole tools can break through the bottleneck of current fracturing technologies and address problems like limited fracturing stages. However,under complex and variable downhole environment,many factors may interfere the stability of the RFID system. To address the problem,based on the designed downhole RFID communication system,according to the structural characteristics and working environment of the downhole RFID system,Ansoft Maxwell software was used to establish the finite element simulation model of the downhole electromagnetic environment to study the influence of various factors on the RFID system. The analyses results show that the metal shell size of the downhole tool and the conductivity of the fracturing fluid are the main influencing factors. The signal receiving performance test of the RFID system is carried out through laboratory tests. The system is proved to achieve the required performance indicators. Engineering suggestions based on the actual situation are proposed.
引文
[1]刘清友,张安琪,黎伟.射频识别技术在井下工具中的应用与发展[J].石油矿场机械,2015,44(11):61-66.LIU Q Y,ZHANG A Q,LI W. Application and devel-opment of petroleum downhole tools based on radio fre-quency identification technology[J]. China PetroleumMachinery,2015,44(11):61-66.
[2]秦金立,戴文潮,万雪峰,等.无线射频识别技术在多级滑套压裂工具中的应用探讨[J].石油钻探技术,2014,41(3):123-126.QIN J L,DAI W C,WAN X F,et al. Application ofradio frequency identification in multistage fracturingsleeve tools[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2014,41(3):123-126.
[3]光新军,王敏生,叶海超,等. RFID在井下工具中的应用[J].石油机械,2013,41(5):25-27.GUANG X J,WANG M S,YE H C,et al. Applica-tion of RFID in downhole tools[J]. China PetroleumMachinery,2013,41(5):25-27.
[4]赵晨熙,戴文潮,秦金立.液压蓄能技术在射频识别滑套上的应用实践[J].石油机械,2016,44(5):94-97.ZHAO C X,DAI W C,QIN J L. The application of thehydraulic accumulator technology on the RFID sleeve[J]. China Petroleum Machinery,2016,44(5):94-97.
[5]胡亮,肖莉,赵建军,等.井下射频电磁识别影响因素研究[J].石油钻探技术,2018,46(2):63-68.HU L,XIAO L,ZHAO J J,et al. Study on the down-hole influence factors of radio frequency identificationtechnology[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2018,46(2):63-68.
[6] SNIDER P M,DOIG T. RFID actuation of self powereddownhole tools[R]. SPE 113842,2008.
[7] TOUGH J M,MASON J,RANDAL B. Radio frequen-cy identification of remotely operated horizontal frac[R]. SPE 143940,2011.
[8] LAIRD T,GONZALEZ L,VALVERDE E,et al. RFIDprovides multiple on-demand activation/deactivation re-liability to underreaming[R]. SPE 146033,2011.
[9]刘明尧,孙洋,宋涵,等.多层井井下数据NFC无线传输系统磁场分布规律[J].石油机械,2018,46(4):107-111.LIU M Y,SUN Y,SONG H,et al. Research on mag-netic field distribution rules of NFC wireless data trans-mission system in multi-layer well[J]. China Petrole-um Machinery,2018,46(4):107-111.
[10]张哲. RFID在智能井中的应用基础研究[D].东营:中国石油大学(华东),2013.ZHANG Z. The basic research of RFID technology ap-plied to intelligent well[D]. Dongying:China Univer-sity of Petroleum(Huadong),2013.
[11]陈文浩. RFID低频读写器的研究与实现[D].大连:大连海事大学,2008.CHEN W H. The research and realization of the RFIDlow-frequency read/write device[D]. Dalian:DalianMaritime University,2008.
[12]倪卫宁,刘建华,张卫.基于无线射频识别的井下工具控制技术[J].石油钻探技术,2014,42(6):102-105.NI W N,LIU J H,ZHANG W. The control technolo-gy of downhole tools based on radio frequency identifi-cation[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2014,42(6):102-105.
[13]陈红,侯国栋.长直螺线管的电磁场分析与仿真[J].郑州轻工业学院学报(自然科学版),2013,28(1):100-104.CHEN H,HOU G D. Analysis and simulation of mag-netic field of a long straight solenoid[J]. Journal ofZhengzhou University of Light Industry(Natural Sci-ence Edition),2013,28(1):100-104.
[14]游修东,陈勇,陈遥沛.近距离磁感应线圈的磁场计算与仿真分析[J].水雷战与舰船防护,2017,25(1):55-56.YOU X D,CHEN Y,CHEN Y P. Magnetic field cal-culation and simulation analysis of close range magneticinduction coil[J]. Mine Warfare&Ship Self-Defence,2017,25(1):55-56.
[15]艾其江.恶劣工况下自适应RFID通讯技术及其应用研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2016.AI Q J. Research on technology of adaptive RFID com-munication and its application in harsh conditions[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technol-ogy,2016.
[16]李光泉,戴文潮.无线射频识别滑套关键技术研究[J].石油机械,2013,41(5):73-75.LI G Q,DAI W C. Research on key technology forRFID sliding sleeve[J]. China Petroleum Machinery,2013,41(5):73-75.
[17]赵铭,王伟佳,刘洪彬,等.国外页岩气井连续油管固井滑套压裂完井方式研究[J].钻采工艺,2017,40(2):59-62.ZHAO M,WANG W J,LIU H B,et al. Study onwell completion by coiled-tubing fracturing and cemen-ting sliding sleeves in shale gas wells[J]. Drilling&Production Technology,2017,40(2):59-62.
[18]倪卫宁,郑奕挺,张卫,等.自适应天线匹配低频RFID读写器设计[J].电子应用技术,2014,40(9):86-89.NI W N,ZHENG Y T,ZHANG W,et al. Design ofadaptive antenna matching low frequency RFID reader[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2014,40(9):86-89.
[2]秦金立,戴文潮,万雪峰,等.无线射频识别技术在多级滑套压裂工具中的应用探讨[J].石油钻探技术,2014,41(3):123-126.QIN J L,DAI W C,WAN X F,et al. Application ofradio frequency identification in multistage fracturingsleeve tools[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2014,41(3):123-126.
[3]光新军,王敏生,叶海超,等. RFID在井下工具中的应用[J].石油机械,2013,41(5):25-27.GUANG X J,WANG M S,YE H C,et al. Applica-tion of RFID in downhole tools[J]. China PetroleumMachinery,2013,41(5):25-27.
[4]赵晨熙,戴文潮,秦金立.液压蓄能技术在射频识别滑套上的应用实践[J].石油机械,2016,44(5):94-97.ZHAO C X,DAI W C,QIN J L. The application of thehydraulic accumulator technology on the RFID sleeve[J]. China Petroleum Machinery,2016,44(5):94-97.
[5]胡亮,肖莉,赵建军,等.井下射频电磁识别影响因素研究[J].石油钻探技术,2018,46(2):63-68.HU L,XIAO L,ZHAO J J,et al. Study on the down-hole influence factors of radio frequency identificationtechnology[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2018,46(2):63-68.
[6] SNIDER P M,DOIG T. RFID actuation of self powereddownhole tools[R]. SPE 113842,2008.
[7] TOUGH J M,MASON J,RANDAL B. Radio frequen-cy identification of remotely operated horizontal frac[R]. SPE 143940,2011.
[8] LAIRD T,GONZALEZ L,VALVERDE E,et al. RFIDprovides multiple on-demand activation/deactivation re-liability to underreaming[R]. SPE 146033,2011.
[9]刘明尧,孙洋,宋涵,等.多层井井下数据NFC无线传输系统磁场分布规律[J].石油机械,2018,46(4):107-111.LIU M Y,SUN Y,SONG H,et al. Research on mag-netic field distribution rules of NFC wireless data trans-mission system in multi-layer well[J]. China Petrole-um Machinery,2018,46(4):107-111.
[10]张哲. RFID在智能井中的应用基础研究[D].东营:中国石油大学(华东),2013.ZHANG Z. The basic research of RFID technology ap-plied to intelligent well[D]. Dongying:China Univer-sity of Petroleum(Huadong),2013.
[11]陈文浩. RFID低频读写器的研究与实现[D].大连:大连海事大学,2008.CHEN W H. The research and realization of the RFIDlow-frequency read/write device[D]. Dalian:DalianMaritime University,2008.
[12]倪卫宁,刘建华,张卫.基于无线射频识别的井下工具控制技术[J].石油钻探技术,2014,42(6):102-105.NI W N,LIU J H,ZHANG W. The control technolo-gy of downhole tools based on radio frequency identifi-cation[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2014,42(6):102-105.
[13]陈红,侯国栋.长直螺线管的电磁场分析与仿真[J].郑州轻工业学院学报(自然科学版),2013,28(1):100-104.CHEN H,HOU G D. Analysis and simulation of mag-netic field of a long straight solenoid[J]. Journal ofZhengzhou University of Light Industry(Natural Sci-ence Edition),2013,28(1):100-104.
[14]游修东,陈勇,陈遥沛.近距离磁感应线圈的磁场计算与仿真分析[J].水雷战与舰船防护,2017,25(1):55-56.YOU X D,CHEN Y,CHEN Y P. Magnetic field cal-culation and simulation analysis of close range magneticinduction coil[J]. Mine Warfare&Ship Self-Defence,2017,25(1):55-56.
[15]艾其江.恶劣工况下自适应RFID通讯技术及其应用研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2016.AI Q J. Research on technology of adaptive RFID com-munication and its application in harsh conditions[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technol-ogy,2016.
[16]李光泉,戴文潮.无线射频识别滑套关键技术研究[J].石油机械,2013,41(5):73-75.LI G Q,DAI W C. Research on key technology forRFID sliding sleeve[J]. China Petroleum Machinery,2013,41(5):73-75.
[17]赵铭,王伟佳,刘洪彬,等.国外页岩气井连续油管固井滑套压裂完井方式研究[J].钻采工艺,2017,40(2):59-62.ZHAO M,WANG W J,LIU H B,et al. Study onwell completion by coiled-tubing fracturing and cemen-ting sliding sleeves in shale gas wells[J]. Drilling&Production Technology,2017,40(2):59-62.
[18]倪卫宁,郑奕挺,张卫,等.自适应天线匹配低频RFID读写器设计[J].电子应用技术,2014,40(9):86-89.NI W N,ZHENG Y T,ZHANG W,et al. Design ofadaptive antenna matching low frequency RFID reader[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2014,40(9):86-89.