温度对Al-Ga-Mg-Sn铝合金产氢性能的影响
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摘要
铝基材料水解产氢具有广泛的应用前景.通过电炉熔炼制备了5种新型Al-Ga-Mg-Sn铝合金;利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析手段表征合金在铸态下的组织结构;采用制氢装置测试铝合金在50、70、90℃自来水中的产氢速率和产氢量.结果表明:Al-Ga-Mg-Sn铝合金组织由铝基体和Mg_2Sn组成,水解产物为AlO(OH)等;同一成分试样,产氢速率和产氢量均随温度的升高而增加;不同成分试样在同一温度下,产氢速率和产氢量与低熔点元素Ga、合金相中Al(s)和Mg_2Sn的体积分数有关.进一步分析发现:产氢动力学服从直线规律,即同一试样产氢速率与温度成正比,并基于实验结果进行了拟合与验证.
Hydrolytic hydrogen generation with aluminum-based materials has broad application prospect. Five new Al-Ga-Mg-Sn aluminum alloys were prepared by means of electric furnace melting, the organization and structure of those alloys in as-cast state were characterized with analysis means such as optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffractometry(XRD), and hydrogen generation rate and hydrogen generation yield of aluminum alloy in tap-water were tested at 50, 70, and 90 ℃ with hydrogen generation device. The result indicated that the organization of Al-Ga-Mg-Sn aluminum alloy would consist of aluminum matrix and Mg_2Sn and the hydrolyzate would mainly be AlO(OH). For the samples with identical composition, hydrogen generation rate and hydrogen generation yield would increase with temperature. The hydrogen generation rate and the hydrogen generation yield for the samples with different composition at the same temperature would be related to the volume-fractions of the low-melting-point element Ga and the Al(s) and Mg_2Sn in the alloy phase. Further analysis found that the kinetics of hydrogen generation would obey the linear rule, i.e. the hydrogen generation rate of the same sample would be directly proportional to the temperature and it could be fitted and verified based on experimental result.
Hydrolytic hydrogen generation with aluminum-based materials has broad application prospect. Five new Al-Ga-Mg-Sn aluminum alloys were prepared by means of electric furnace melting, the organization and structure of those alloys in as-cast state were characterized with analysis means such as optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffractometry(XRD), and hydrogen generation rate and hydrogen generation yield of aluminum alloy in tap-water were tested at 50, 70, and 90 ℃ with hydrogen generation device. The result indicated that the organization of Al-Ga-Mg-Sn aluminum alloy would consist of aluminum matrix and Mg_2Sn and the hydrolyzate would mainly be AlO(OH). For the samples with identical composition, hydrogen generation rate and hydrogen generation yield would increase with temperature. The hydrogen generation rate and the hydrogen generation yield for the samples with different composition at the same temperature would be related to the volume-fractions of the low-melting-point element Ga and the Al(s) and Mg_2Sn in the alloy phase. Further analysis found that the kinetics of hydrogen generation would obey the linear rule, i.e. the hydrogen generation rate of the same sample would be directly proportional to the temperature and it could be fitted and verified based on experimental result.
引文
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[3] WANG H Z,LEUNG D Y C,LEUNG M K H,et al.A review on hydrogen production using aluminum and aluminum alloys [J].Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews,2009,13(4):845-853.
[4] 于嘉,郑邯勇,赵文忠,等.一种新型铝合金的制备及其水反应性能研究 [J].舰船科学技术,2016,38(5):124-127.
[5] ELSARRAG E,ELHOWERIS A,ALHORR Y.The production of hydrogen as an alternative energy carrier from aluminium waste [J].Energy Sustainability & Society,2017,7(1):9-22.
[6] MARTINEZ S S,BENITES W L,GALLEGOS A A A,et al.Recycling of aluminum to produce green energy [J].Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells,2005,88(2):237-243.
[7] CHEN X,ZHAO Z,HAO M,et al.Research of hydrogen generation by the reaction of Al-based materials with water [J].Journal of Power Sources,2013,222(2):188-195.
[8] 赵冲,徐芬,孙立贤,等.铝基材料水解制氢技术 [J].化学进展,2016,28(12):1870-1879.
[9] 周向阳,杨焘,王辉.铝基合金水解制氢的研究进展 [J].材料导报,2016,30(21):1-7.
[10] FAN M Q,LIU S,WANG C,et al.Hydrolytic hydrogen generation using milled aluminum in water activated by Li,In,and Zn additives [J].Fuel Cells,2012,12(4):642-648.
[11] ILYUKHIN A V,ILYUKHIN A S,SHKOLNIKOV E I.Hydrogen generation from water by means of activated aluminum [J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2012,37(21):16382-16387.
[12] LIU S,FAN M Q,WANG C,et al.Hydrogen generation by hydrolysis of Al-Li-Bi-NaCl mixture with pure water [J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2012,37(1):1014-1020.
[13] LOZHKOMOEV A S,GLAZKOVA E A,BAKINA O V,et al.Synthesis of core-shell AlOOH hollow nanospheres by reacting Al nanoparticles with water [J].Nanotechnology,2016,27(20):205603-205609.