氯吡硫磷污染土壤的异位热脱附修复研究
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摘要
以陕西西安地区土壤为实验样本,配制模拟氯吡硫磷污染土壤,研究热脱附温度和氯吡硫磷浓度对土壤净化效果的影响,分析热脱附反应动力学及反应前后土壤性质差异.研究发现:在本反应体系中,当热脱附温度为200℃、热脱附时间为60 min时,土壤氯吡硫磷去除率可达99%以上.二级动力学方程能更好地描述反应过程(拟合系数r为0.966 0).热脱附反应对土壤红外光谱、扫描电镜图和X射线衍射图谱影响细微,说明反应过程对土壤官能团、表观形貌和矿物组分类型干扰很小,可以忽略不计.反应后土壤CEC值、电导率和有机质含量有所降低,但比表面积和粉粒含量略有增大.异位热脱附修复技术能够有效去除土壤中的氯吡硫磷.
Soil samples were achieved in Xi′an City,Shaanxi Province,and chlorpyrifos was mixed with soil samples to prepare chlorpyrifos-contaminated soil.The effects of temperature and chlorpyrifos concentration on remediation efficiency were investigated,and the reaction kinetics and characteristics difference before and after remediation were further revealed.The results showed:the removal rate of chlorpyrifos from soil in the experiment achieved 99%(or more) at 200 ℃ for 60 min,and the second order kinetics equation fit better the reaction with coefficient of r 0.966 0.The thermal desorption process,to some extent,affected the FT-IR spectra,SEM micrographs and XRD patterns,revealing that the functional groups,surface characteristics and clay mineral types varied little.The CEC value,conductivity and content of organic matters in soil decreased,while the constant surface area and silt content of soil increased slightly.The ex-situ thermal desorption remediation on chlorpyrifos in soil is effective and reliable.
Soil samples were achieved in Xi′an City,Shaanxi Province,and chlorpyrifos was mixed with soil samples to prepare chlorpyrifos-contaminated soil.The effects of temperature and chlorpyrifos concentration on remediation efficiency were investigated,and the reaction kinetics and characteristics difference before and after remediation were further revealed.The results showed:the removal rate of chlorpyrifos from soil in the experiment achieved 99%(or more) at 200 ℃ for 60 min,and the second order kinetics equation fit better the reaction with coefficient of r 0.966 0.The thermal desorption process,to some extent,affected the FT-IR spectra,SEM micrographs and XRD patterns,revealing that the functional groups,surface characteristics and clay mineral types varied little.The CEC value,conductivity and content of organic matters in soil decreased,while the constant surface area and silt content of soil increased slightly.The ex-situ thermal desorption remediation on chlorpyrifos in soil is effective and reliable.
引文
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[25] Araruna J T,Portes Jr V L O,Soares A P L,et al.Oil spills debris clean up by thermal desorption[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2004,110(1-3):161-171.
[2] Xu X J,Lai G L,Chi C Q,et al.Purification of eutrophic water containing chlorpyrifos by aquatic plants and its effects on planktonic bacteria[J].Chemosphere,2018,193:178-188.
[3] Orts A,Cabrera S,Gomez I,et al.Use of okara in the bioremediation of chlorpyrifos in soil:Effects on soil biochemical properties[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2017,121:172-176.
[4] 赵媛媛,亓赟,裴元生,等.添加给水厂残泥对稻田土壤中毒死蜱环境赋存及厌氧降解的影响[J].环境工程学报,2018,12(1):178-189.
[5] Morillo E,Villaverde J.Advanced technologies for the remediation of pesticide-contaminated soils[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,586:576-597.
[6] O'Brien P L,DeSutter T M,Casey F X M,et al.Thermal remediation alters soil properties-a review[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2018,206:826-835.
[7] Tse K K C,Lo S L,Wang J W H.Pilot study of in-situ thermal treatment for the remediation of pentachlorophenol-contaminated aquifers[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2001,35(24):4 910-4 915.
[8] Qi Z F,Chen T,Bai S H,et al.Effect of temperature and particle size on the thermal desorption of PCBs from contaminated soil[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2014,21(6):4 697-4 704.
[9] 王瑛,李扬,黄启飞,等.污染物浓度与土壤粒径对热脱附修复DDTs污染土壤的影响[J].环境科学研究,2011,24(9):1 016-1 022.
[10] 范春辉,周冉,高雅琳,等.黄土粘土矿物对氯吡硫磷的吸附机制初探[J].陕西科技大学学报(自然科学版),2016,34(1):32-36.
[11] 范春辉,张颖超,许吉婷,等.复合污染旱田黄土中还田秸秆动态腐解的光谱学特性[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2014,34(4):1 045-1 049.
[12] 许端平,何依琳,庄相宁,等.热解吸修复污染土壤过程中DDTs的去除动力学[J].环境科学研究,2013,26(2):202-207.
[13] 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2013.
[14] Macalady D L,Wolfe N L.New perspectives on the hydrolytic degradation of the organophosphorothioate insecticide chlorpyrifos[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,1983,31(6):1 139-1 147.
[15] 田芹,周志强,江树人,等.毒死蜱在环境水体中降解的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2005,24(2):289-293.
[16] Risoul V,Pichon C,Trouve G,et al.Thermogravimetric study of thermal decontamination of soils polluted by hexachlorobenzene,4-chlorobiphenyl,naphthalene,or n-decane[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,1999,64:295-311.
[17] Misaka Y,Yamanaka K,Takeuchi K,et al.Removal of PCDDs/DFs and dl-PCBs in MWI fly ash by heating under vacuum[J].Chemosphere,2006,64(4):619-627.
[18] 李翼然.热脱附及植物处理罗丹明B污染土壤的试验研究[D].郑州:郑州大学.2016.
[19] 朱腾飞,赵龙,张琪,等.优化热脱附技术对十溴联苯醚污染土壤的适用性及修复效果[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(2):262-270.
[20] 庄相宁,许端平,谷庆宝.土壤中HCHs 热解吸动力学研究[J].安全与环境学报,2014,14(3):251-255.
[21] 何依琳,马福俊,张倩,等.热解吸对污染土壤中不同形态汞的去除作用[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(4):1 593-1 598.
[22] 邬士军.携带床气化条件下灰渣熔融特性实验研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2013.
[23] Cébron A,Cortet J,Criquet S,et al.Biological functioning of PAH-polluted and thermal desorption-treated soils assessed by fauna and microbial bioindicators[J].Research in Microbiology,2011,162(9):896-907.
[24] Merino J,Piňa J,Errazu A F,et al.Fundamental study of thermal treatment of soil[J].Soil and Sediment Contamination:An International Journal,2003,13(3):417-441.
[25] Araruna J T,Portes Jr V L O,Soares A P L,et al.Oil spills debris clean up by thermal desorption[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2004,110(1-3):161-171.