岩石含水率对微波穿透深度的影响
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摘要
微波辅助破岩技术是近年来正在研究的一项钻井提速新技术,有着巨大的技术优势。实际微波钻井过程中,岩石含水率的变化会造成微波对岩石穿透深度的差异,从而影响微波破岩效率。以216 mm空气钻井为载体,建立井眼微波照射岩石模型,选取大庆砂岩为研究对象,通过理论分析和数值仿真方法研究了砂岩含水率对微波穿透深度和能量利用率的影响。结果表明,随着砂岩含水率从4%增加到32%,频率为2.45 GHz的微波穿透深度从18.5 mm减小到8.4 mm,微波能量利用率从54.78%降低到28.72%。由于数值仿真考虑了岩石加热后内部的热传递作用,获得的结果更接近于真实情况。该仿真方法可提前预测微波对不同含水率岩石的穿透深度,为微波辅助破岩钻井提速优化设计提供了理论依据。
Microwave-assisted rock breaking technique is currently studying new drilling-speed enhancing technique, which is with a huge technical advantage.In the process of the actual microwave drilling, the change of the rock water cut will cause the difference of the microwave penetrated depth and affect the efficiency of the microwave breaking rock. Taking 216 mm air drilling as the carrier, the model of the borehole microwave irradiation rock was established, and moreover choosing Daqing sandstone as the studying object, with the help of the theoretical analysis and numerical simulating method, the influences of the sandstone watercut on the microwave penetrated depth and energy utilization were researched. The results show that with the rise of the watercut from 4% to 32%, the penetrated depth of 2.45 GHz microwave decreases from 18.5 mm to 8.4 mm, and the microwave energy utilization decreases from 54.78% to 28.72%. Because the inner heat transferring action was considered in the numerical simulation after the rock was heated, the obtained results were closer to the real situation. Therefore, the simulating method can be used to predict the microwave penetrated depth in advance for the rocks with different watercuts,and furthermore can provide the theoretical evidence for the velocity-enhancing and optimizing designs of the microwave-added drilling.
Microwave-assisted rock breaking technique is currently studying new drilling-speed enhancing technique, which is with a huge technical advantage.In the process of the actual microwave drilling, the change of the rock water cut will cause the difference of the microwave penetrated depth and affect the efficiency of the microwave breaking rock. Taking 216 mm air drilling as the carrier, the model of the borehole microwave irradiation rock was established, and moreover choosing Daqing sandstone as the studying object, with the help of the theoretical analysis and numerical simulating method, the influences of the sandstone watercut on the microwave penetrated depth and energy utilization were researched. The results show that with the rise of the watercut from 4% to 32%, the penetrated depth of 2.45 GHz microwave decreases from 18.5 mm to 8.4 mm, and the microwave energy utilization decreases from 54.78% to 28.72%. Because the inner heat transferring action was considered in the numerical simulation after the rock was heated, the obtained results were closer to the real situation. Therefore, the simulating method can be used to predict the microwave penetrated depth in advance for the rocks with different watercuts,and furthermore can provide the theoretical evidence for the velocity-enhancing and optimizing designs of the microwave-added drilling.
引文
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[19]JONES D A,KINGMAN S W,WHITTLES D N,et al.The influence of microwave energy delivery method on strength reduction in one samples[J].Chemical Engineering and Processing:Process Intensification,2007,46(4):291-299.
[20]唐阳,徐国宾,孙丽莹,等.不同间断比尺下微波诱发岩石损伤的离散元模拟研究[J].水力发电学报,2016,35(7):15-22.TANG Yang,XU Guobin,SUN Liying,et al.Discrete element modeling of microwave-induced rock damage at different discontinuity scales[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2016,35(7):15-22.
[21]LIU Shixiong,FUKUOKA M,SAKAI N.A finite element model for simulating temperature distributions in rotating food during microwave heating[J].Journal of Food Engineering,2013,115(1):49-62.
[2]HASSANI F,NEKOOVAGHT P M,GHARIB N.The influence of microwave irradiation on rocks for microwave-assisted underground excavation[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,2016,8(1):1-15.
[3]KINGMAN S W.Recent developments in microwave processing of minerals[J].International Materials Reviews,2006,51(1):1-12.
[4]李元辉,卢高明,冯夏庭,等.微波加热路径对硬岩破碎效果影响试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2017,36(6):1460-1468.LI Yuanhui,LU Gaoming,FENG Xiating,et al.The influence of heating path on the effect of hard rock fragmentation using microwave assisted method[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2017,36(6):1460-1468.
[5]戴俊,李传净,杨凡,等.微波照射下含水率对岩石强度弱化的影响[J].水力发电,2018,44(1):31-34.DAI Jun,LI Chuanjing,YANG Fan,et al.Effect of different moisture content on weakening strength of rock under microwave irradiation[J].Watre Power,2018,44(1):31-34.
[6] LOVAS M,KOVACOVA M,DIMITRAKIS G,et al.Modeling of microwave heating of andesite and minerals[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2010,53(17-18):3387-3393.
[7]廖春荣,罗勇锋,贺霞,等.不同含水率的杨木微波穿透深度探究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(10):133-138.LIAO Chunrong,LUO Yongfeng,HE Xia,et al.Penetration depth of microwave in cotton wood with different moisture contents[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology,2017,37(10):133-138.
[8]秦立科,戴俊.微波照射下矿物颗粒温度分布及影响因素分析[J].矿冶工程,2015,35(3):96-98.QIN Like,DAI Jun.Temperature distribution and influential factors for ore particles under microwave irradiation[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2015,35(3):96-98.
[9]卢高明,李元辉,HASSANI F,等.微波辅助机械破岩试验和理论研究进展[J].岩土工程学报,2016,38(8):1497-1506.LU Gaoming,LI Yuanhui,HASSANI F,et al.Review of theoretical and experimental studies on mechanical rock fragmentation using microwave-assisted approach[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,38(8):1497-1506.
[10]戴俊,秦立科.微波照射下岩石损伤细观模拟分析[J].西安科技大学学报,2014,34(6):652-655.DAI Jun,QIN Like.Meso-simulation of rock damage under microwave irradiation[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2014,34(6):652-655.
[11]唐炼,张守谦,安丰全.超高频岩石介电特性的研究[J].测井技术,1992,16(5):323-326.TANG Lian,ZHANG Shouqian,AN Fengquan.Study on dielectric properties of rock at ultra-high frequency[J].Well Logging Technology,1992,16(5):323-326.
[12]吴刚,邢爱国,张磊.砂岩高温后的力学特性[J].岩石力学与工程报,2007,26(10):2110-2116.WU Gang,XING Aiguo,ZHANG Lei.Mechanical charactistics of sandstone after high temperatures[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(10):2110-2116.
[13]尹土兵,李夕兵,殷志强,等.高温后砂岩静、动态力学特性研究与比较[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(2):273-279.YIN Tubing,LI Xibing,YIN Zhiqiang,et al.Study and comparision of mechanical properties of sandstone under static and dynamic loadings after high temperature[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(2):273-279.
[14]王思雯,吕士辉,胡克,等.岩石特性对导热系数影响探究[J].实验技术与管理,2012,29(5):39-41.WANG Siwen,Lü Shihui,HU Ke,et al.Investigation on effect of rock properties on thermal conductivity[J].Experimental Technology and Management,2012,29(5):39-41.
[15]苏承东,郭文兵,李小双.粗砂岩高温作用后力学效应的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(6):1162-1170.SUN Chengdong,GUO Wenbing,LI Xiaoshuang.Experimental research on mechanical properties of coarse sandstone after high temperatures[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(6):1162-1170.
[16]陈超,刘建.数值分析方法在微波辅助破岩中的应用[J].华北理工大学学报(自然科学版),2017,39(4):28-33.CHEN Chao,LIU Jian.Application of numerical analysis method in microwave assisted rock breaking[J].Journal of North China University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2017,39(4):28-33.
[17]王浩,胡南,李广悦,等.微波辐照对方铅矿微裂纹发育影响的模拟研究[J].稀有金属,2017,41(4):416-421.WANG Hao,HU Nan,LI Guangyue,et al.Simulation on the development of micro cracks of galena ore by microwave irradiation[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2017,41(4):416-421.
[18]WHITTLES D N,KINGMAN S W,REDDISH D J.Application of numerical modeling for prediction of the influence of power density on microwave-assisted breakage[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2003,68(1):71-91.
[19]JONES D A,KINGMAN S W,WHITTLES D N,et al.The influence of microwave energy delivery method on strength reduction in one samples[J].Chemical Engineering and Processing:Process Intensification,2007,46(4):291-299.
[20]唐阳,徐国宾,孙丽莹,等.不同间断比尺下微波诱发岩石损伤的离散元模拟研究[J].水力发电学报,2016,35(7):15-22.TANG Yang,XU Guobin,SUN Liying,et al.Discrete element modeling of microwave-induced rock damage at different discontinuity scales[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2016,35(7):15-22.
[21]LIU Shixiong,FUKUOKA M,SAKAI N.A finite element model for simulating temperature distributions in rotating food during microwave heating[J].Journal of Food Engineering,2013,115(1):49-62.