碳/芳纶混编三维编织复合材料拉伸性能
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摘要
为分析三维编织复合材料拉伸性能和失效机制,分别以碳纤维和芳纶纤维为轴纱和编织纱织造了三维五向、三维六向碳/芳纶混编复合材料。采用数字图像相关法采集试样在单轴拉伸过程中表面全场应变信息得到的泊松比。结果表明:三维编织复合材料泊松比受编织结构的影响较大,同种编织结构下,碳纤维为轴纱的复合材料基本保持了碳纤维三维编织复合材料的拉伸强度和模量,同时提高了断裂伸长率;芳纶纤维为轴纱的复合材料则显著提高了断裂伸长率,但拉伸强度和模量损失较为明显;同种混编方式下,三维五向编织复合材料的拉伸强度和拉伸模量较三维六向高,断裂伸长率无明显差异。编织纱分别为碳纤维和芳纶纤维的三维编织复合材料高应变区分别类似点阵分布和波浪线分布,三维五向和三维六向编织复合材料高应变区分别呈均匀分散分布和横向分布。
In order to analyze the tensile property and failure mechanism of 3-D braided composites,three-dimensional five-directional(3 D5 d) and three-dimensional six-directional(3D6d) hybrid braided composites with carbon fibers and aramid fibers as axial and braiding yarns were designed and manufactured.A digital image correlation(DIC) technique was used to record the surface full-field strain distribution of samples during tensile loading.At the same time,the Poisson's ratio was also obtained by DIC.The test results show that Poisson's ratio is mainly influenced by braided architecture.For the same braided architecture,the carbon-aramid hybrid 3-D braided composites with carbon fiber as axial yarn maintain the tensile strength and modulus of carbon 3-D braided composites,while the ultimate tensile strain is higher than that of carbon 3-D braided composites.The carbon-aramid hybrid 3-D braided composites with aramid fiber as axial yarn significantly improve the ultimate tensile strain of the composites,but seriously lose the tensile strength and modulus of the composites.For the same hybrid braided structure,the tensile strength and modulus of 3D5d is higher than those of 3Dd.The ultimate tensile strain of 3D5d and 3D6d show few differences.The high strain regions of hybrid braided composites(axial yarns are aramid and carbon fibers,respectively) are approximately lattice and wave line distribution,respectively.The high strain regions of 3D5d and 3D6d are distributed uniformly and transversely,respectively.
In order to analyze the tensile property and failure mechanism of 3-D braided composites,three-dimensional five-directional(3 D5 d) and three-dimensional six-directional(3D6d) hybrid braided composites with carbon fibers and aramid fibers as axial and braiding yarns were designed and manufactured.A digital image correlation(DIC) technique was used to record the surface full-field strain distribution of samples during tensile loading.At the same time,the Poisson's ratio was also obtained by DIC.The test results show that Poisson's ratio is mainly influenced by braided architecture.For the same braided architecture,the carbon-aramid hybrid 3-D braided composites with carbon fiber as axial yarn maintain the tensile strength and modulus of carbon 3-D braided composites,while the ultimate tensile strain is higher than that of carbon 3-D braided composites.The carbon-aramid hybrid 3-D braided composites with aramid fiber as axial yarn significantly improve the ultimate tensile strain of the composites,but seriously lose the tensile strength and modulus of the composites.For the same hybrid braided structure,the tensile strength and modulus of 3D5d is higher than those of 3Dd.The ultimate tensile strain of 3D5d and 3D6d show few differences.The high strain regions of hybrid braided composites(axial yarns are aramid and carbon fibers,respectively) are approximately lattice and wave line distribution,respectively.The high strain regions of 3D5d and 3D6d are distributed uniformly and transversely,respectively.
引文
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[2]BILISIK K.Three-dimensional braiding for composites:a review[J].Textile Research Journal,2013,83(13):1414-1436.
[3]CHEN S F,JANG B Z.Fracture behavior of interleaved fiber-resin composites[J].Composites Science and Technology,1991,41(1):77-97.
[4]SWOLFS Y,GORBATIKH L,VERPOEST I.Fibre hybridisation in polymer composites:a review[J].Composites Part A:Applied Science and Manufacturing,2014,67:181-200.
[5]曾金芳,乔生儒,丘哲明,等.F-12/CF混杂复合材料纵向拉伸性能研究[J].固体火箭技术.2004,27(1):60-63.ZENG Jinfang,QIAO Shengru,QIU Zheming,et al.Study on longitudinal tensile properties of F-12/CF hybrid composites[J].Journal of Solid Rocket Technology,2004,27(1):60-63.
[6]张宗强,王玉林,万怡灶,等.三维混杂碳纤维/芳纶纤维增强尼龙复合材料力学性能研究[J].宇航材料工艺,2004(1):38-41,6.ZHANG Zongqiang,WANG Yulin,WAN Yizao,et al.Study on mechanical properties of 3D-braided carbon fiber/kevlar fiber hybrid composites[J].Aerospace Materials&Technology,2004(1):38-41,6.
[7]KOSTAR T D,CHOU T W,POPPER P.Characterization and comparative study of threedimensional braided hybrid composites[J].Journal of Materials Science,2000,35(9):2175-2183.
[8]方丹丹,阎建华.三维五向编织玻纤/碳纤环氧树脂混杂复合材料冲击性能和冲击后弯曲性能研究[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2014(7):57-61.FANG Dandan,YAN Jianhua.Investigation on impact and post-impact flexural property of 3D five-direction braided carbon/glass hybrid epoxy composites[J].Fiber Reinforced Plastics/Composites,2014(7):57-61.
[9]ZHANG D,ANTHONY M W,YEN C.Progressive damage and failure response of hybrid 3D textile composites subjected to flexural loading,part I:experimental studies[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,2015,75/76:309-320.
[10]郝文峰,郭广平,陈新文,等.基于数字图像相关方法的复合材料层间剪切性能研究[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2016(1):29-32.HAO Wenfeng,GUO Guangping,CHEN Xinwen,et al.Characterization of interlaminate shear properties for composite materials using digital image correlation[J].Fiber Reinforced Plastics/Composites,2016(1):29-32.
[11]吕双祺,石多奇,杨晓光,等.采用数字图像相关方法的莫来石纤维增强气凝胶复合材料力学试验[J].复合材料学报,2015,32(5):1428-1435.LShuangqi,SHI Duoqi,YANG Xiaoguang,et al.Mechanical test of mullite fiber resin forced aerogel composites using digital image correlation method[J].Acta Materiae Composites Sinica,2015,32(5):1428-1435.
[12]杨彩云,李嘉禄.三维机织复合材料纤维体积含量计算方法[J].固体火箭技术,2005,28(3):224-227.YANG Caiyun,LI Jialu.Calculation methods of 3-D woven composites fiber volume fraction[J].Journal of Solid Rocket Technology,2005,28(3):224-227.