南黄海CSDP-2井晚泥盆世早期真蕨类Shougangia的形态观察
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摘要
南黄海CSDP-2钻井上泥盆统五通组擂鼓台段2 068.00～2 069.02m段岩心识别出了早期真蕨类植物。该植物具有至少三次羽状复叶,末二次羽片互生,小羽片扁平,呈扇状、楔状或舌状,基部收缩,至少一次深裂,裂片边缘钝圆,二分叉的叶脉明显。据此,可鉴定为优美守刚蕨(比较种)(Shougangia cf.S.bella)。本研究为南黄海地区上泥盆统五通组增加了古植物学新资料。
A fern-like plant is identified at 2 068.00-2 069.02 min the borehole of the Well CSDP-2of South Yellow Sea which belongs to the Upper Devonian Leigutai Member of Wutung Formation.The plant consists of at least three-time pinnate compound leaves,the secondary rachises are alternately attached,and the ultimate pinnule is planar and fan or wedged shaped with a contracting basal part.The pinna has at least one deep lobe with blunt margins and has conspicuous bifurcate veins.Accordingly,the plant is classified to Shougangiacf.S.bella.The study adds new palaeobotanical data for the Upper Devonian Wutung Formation in South Yellow Sea.
A fern-like plant is identified at 2 068.00-2 069.02 min the borehole of the Well CSDP-2of South Yellow Sea which belongs to the Upper Devonian Leigutai Member of Wutung Formation.The plant consists of at least three-time pinnate compound leaves,the secondary rachises are alternately attached,and the ultimate pinnule is planar and fan or wedged shaped with a contracting basal part.The pinna has at least one deep lobe with blunt margins and has conspicuous bifurcate veins.Accordingly,the plant is classified to Shougangiacf.S.bella.The study adds new palaeobotanical data for the Upper Devonian Wutung Formation in South Yellow Sea.
引文
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[24]蔡重阳.非海相泥盆系[M]//中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所.中国地层研究二十年(1979—1999).合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2000:95-128.Cai Chongyang.Non-Marine Devonian of China[M]//Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,Chinese Academy of Sciences Stratigraphical Studies in China(1979-1999).Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China Press,2000:95-128.
[25] Galtier J.The Origins and Early Evolution of the Megaphyllous Leaf[J].International Journal of Plant Sciences,2010,171:641-661.
[26] Wang D M,Zhang Y Y,Liu L,et al.Reinvestigation of the Late Devonian Shougangia Bella and New Insights into the Evolution of Fernlike Plants[J].Journal of Systematic Palaeontology,2018,16(4):309-324.
[27] Fairon-Demaret M,Hilton J,Berry C M.Surface Preparation of Macrofossils(dégagement)[M]//Jones T P,Rowe N P.Fossil Plants and Spores:Modern Techniques.London:The Geological Society,1999:33-35.
[28]中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所,中国科学院植物研究所.中国古生代植物,中国植物化石:第一册[M].北京:科学出版社,1974.Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,Institute of Botany,Academia Scinica.Paleozoic Plants from China:Ⅰ[M].Beijing:Science Press,1974.
[2] Gensel P G,Andrews H N.Plant Life in the Devonian[M].New York:Praeger Publisher,1984:380.
[3] Taylor T N,Taylor E L,Krings M.Paleobotany:The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants[M].2nd ed.Burlington:Academic Press,2009:1230.
[4] Soria A,Meyer-Berthaud B.Reconstructing the Late Devonian Cladoxylopsid Pietzschia Schulleri from New Specimens from Southeastern Morocco[J].International Journal of Plant Sciences,2005,166:857-874.
[5] Beerling D J,Osborne C P,Chaloner W G.Evolution of Leaf-Form in Land Plants Linked to Atmospheric CO2Decline in the Late Palaeozoic Era[J].Nature,2001,410:352-354.
[6] Hao S G,Beck C B,Wang D M.Structure of the Earliest Leaves:Adaptations to High Concentrations of Atmospheric CO2[J].International Journal of Plant Sciences,2003,164:71-75.
[7] Osborne C P,Beerling D J,Lomax B H,Chaloner W G.Biophysical Constraints on the Origin of Leaves Inferred from the Fossil Record[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,United States of America,2004,101:10360-10362.
[8] Cai C Y,Wang Y.Devonian Floras[M]//Li X X.Fossil Floras of China Through the Geological Ages.Guangzhou:Guangdong Science and Technology Press,1995:28-77.
[9] Wang D M,Xu H H,Xue J Z,et al.Leaf Evolution in Early-Diverging Ferns:Insights from a New Fern-Like Plant from the Late Devonian of China[J].Annals of Botany,2015,115:1133-1148.
[10]方晶,王福,方雨婷,等.钻孔岩心黏土混浊水电导率、黄铁矿、pH相关性分析及其在古沉积环境复原的应用:以渤海湾西岸平原DC01孔为例[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2018,48(4):1154-1164.Fang Jing,Wang Fu,Fang Yuting,et al.Correlation Analysis of Conductivity(EC),w(FeS2),pH of Drilled Clay Water and Its Application in PaleoEnvironment Restoration:A Case Study of DC01Core on West Plain of Bohai Bay[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2018,48(4):1154-1164.
[11] Zhang G W,Guo A L,Wang Y J,et al.Tectonics of South China Continent and Its Implications[J].Science China:Earth Sciences,2013,56:1804-1828.
[12]郭兴伟,张训华,温珍河,等.中国海陆及邻域大地构造格架图编制[J].地球物理学报,2014,57(12):4005-4015.Guo Xingwei,Zhang Xunhua,Wen Zhenhe,et al.Compilation of the Tectonic Framework Map of China Seas and Land and Adjacent Regions[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2014,57(12):4005-4015.
[13]陈旭,李积金,耿良玉,等.江苏下扬子地区的志留系[M]//江苏石油勘查局地质科学研究院,中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所.江苏地区下扬子准地台震旦纪—三叠纪生物地层.南京:南京大学出版社,1988:127-168.Chen Xu,Li Jijin,Geng Liangyu,et al.Silurian of Lower Yangtze Platform in Jiangsu Area[M]//Jiangsu Geological Science Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration Bureau,Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Sinian-Triassic Biostratigraphic Research of Lower Yangtze Platform in Jiangsu Area.Nanjing:Nanjing University Press,1988:127-168.
[14] Geng L Y,Qian Z S,Ding L S,et al.Silurian Chitinozoans from the Yangtze Region[J].Palaeoworld,1997,8:1-152.
[15]杨晓清,耿良玉.江苏南部Z-8井高家边组胞石生物地层[J].地层学杂志,1998,22(3):38-42.Yang Xiaoqing,Geng Liangyu.Chitinozoan Biostratigraphy of the Kaochiapien Formation of Well Z-8in South Jiangsu[J].Journal of Stratigraphy,1998,22(3):38-42.
[16]耿良玉,王玥,张允白,等.扬子区后Llandovery世(志留纪)胞石的发现及其意义[J],微体古生物学报,1999,16(2):3-43.Geng Liangyu,Wang Yue,Zhang Yunbai,et al.Discovery of Chitinozoa from the Late Landovery(Silurian)of Yangtze Region with Discussion on Its Significance[J],Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica,1999,16(2):3-43.
[17]欧阳舒,陈永祥.江苏中部宝应地区晚泥盆世早石炭世孢子组合[J].微体古生物学报,1987,26(2):195-215.Ouyang Shu,Chen Yongxiang.Miospores of the Famennian and Tournaisian Deposits from a Borehole in the Baoying District,Central Jiangsu[J].Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica,1987,26(2):195-215.
[18]耿良玉,张允白,丁连生,等.江苏泰县五通组观山段胞石Grahnichitina pilosa的发现及其意义[J].古生物学报,2000,39(4):535-543.Geng Liangyu,Zhang Yunbai,Ding Liansheng,et al.Discovery of Grahnichitina pilosa(Chitinozoa)from the Guanshan Member of The Wutung Formation in Taixian of Jiangsu with Discussion on Its Significance[J].Acta Palaeontologica Sinica,2000,39(4):535-543.
[19] Guo Xingwei,Xu Honghe,Zhu Xiaoqing,et al.Discovery of Late Devonian Plants from the Southern Yellow Sea Borehole of China and Its PalaeogeographicalImplications[J]. Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2017,10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.08.039.
[20]姚永坚,夏斌,冯志强,等.南黄海古生代以来构造演化[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(2):124-128.Yao Yongjian,Xia Bin,Feng Zhiqiang,et al.Tectonic Evolution of the South Yellow Sea Since the Paleozoic[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2005,27(2):124-128.
[21]庞玉茂,张训华,肖国林,等.下扬子南黄海沉积盆地构造地质特征[J].地质论评,2016,62(3):604-616.Pang Yumao,Zhang Xunhua,Xiao Guolin,et al.Structural and Geological Characteristics of the South Yellow Sea Basin in Lower Yangtze Block[J].Geological Review,2016,62(3):604-616.
[22]侯方辉,张志珣,张训华,等.南黄海盆地地质演化及构造样式地震解释[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2008,28(5):61-68.Hou Fanghui,Zhang Zhixun,Zhang Xunhua,et al.Geologic Evolution and Tectonic Styles in the South Yellow Sea Basin[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,2008,28(5):61-68.
[23]张训华,张志珣,蓝先洪,等.南黄海区域地质[M].北京:海洋出版社,2013:394-404.Zhang Xunhua,Zhang Zhixun,Lan Xianhong,et al.Regional Tectonic of the South Yellow Sea[M].Beijing:Ocean Press,2013:394-404.
[24]蔡重阳.非海相泥盆系[M]//中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所.中国地层研究二十年(1979—1999).合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2000:95-128.Cai Chongyang.Non-Marine Devonian of China[M]//Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,Chinese Academy of Sciences Stratigraphical Studies in China(1979-1999).Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China Press,2000:95-128.
[25] Galtier J.The Origins and Early Evolution of the Megaphyllous Leaf[J].International Journal of Plant Sciences,2010,171:641-661.
[26] Wang D M,Zhang Y Y,Liu L,et al.Reinvestigation of the Late Devonian Shougangia Bella and New Insights into the Evolution of Fernlike Plants[J].Journal of Systematic Palaeontology,2018,16(4):309-324.
[27] Fairon-Demaret M,Hilton J,Berry C M.Surface Preparation of Macrofossils(dégagement)[M]//Jones T P,Rowe N P.Fossil Plants and Spores:Modern Techniques.London:The Geological Society,1999:33-35.
[28]中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所,中国科学院植物研究所.中国古生代植物,中国植物化石:第一册[M].北京:科学出版社,1974.Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,Institute of Botany,Academia Scinica.Paleozoic Plants from China:Ⅰ[M].Beijing:Science Press,1974.