论大地构造学的发展
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摘要
大地构造学是研究地球物质在时间和空间演化的学问,是构造地质学的一门重要的分支学科,是一门涉及知识面很宽的学问.大地构造学需要朝定型、定向、定时、定位和定量的研究方向前进,需要通过"行万里路,读万卷书",经过长期的知识积淀才可能进行扎实的研究,以便逐渐接近科学的真理.槽台假说是一种过时的认识.板块构造学说起源于海洋地球物理调查,它是一个仍在继续发展中的大地构造学说,强调各个岩石圈板块是以水平运移为主的,但是其动力学机制则至今尚未完全解决,仍在探索之中.
Geotectonics study is concerned with the evolution of earth materials in the time and space,and it is an important branch of the structural geology,which is related with many domains in the science.The future geotectonics must focus on quantitive studies of fixed type,orientation,time,position,which involves lots of travelling for field work,lots of reading for literature research,and lots of knowledge accumulated over a long period of time,in the pursuit of the science and the truth.The geosyncline and platform hypothesis has been out-of-date.The plate tectonics originated from oceanic geophysical survey is a developing tectonic theory,mainly emphasizing the horizontal movement of tectonic plates.However,the dynamic mechanics of plate tectonics has never been solved completely till now and remains an issue to be worked out.
Geotectonics study is concerned with the evolution of earth materials in the time and space,and it is an important branch of the structural geology,which is related with many domains in the science.The future geotectonics must focus on quantitive studies of fixed type,orientation,time,position,which involves lots of travelling for field work,lots of reading for literature research,and lots of knowledge accumulated over a long period of time,in the pursuit of the science and the truth.The geosyncline and platform hypothesis has been out-of-date.The plate tectonics originated from oceanic geophysical survey is a developing tectonic theory,mainly emphasizing the horizontal movement of tectonic plates.However,the dynamic mechanics of plate tectonics has never been solved completely till now and remains an issue to be worked out.
引文
Bott,M.H.P.,Kusznir,N.J.,1984.The Origin of Tectonic Stress in the Lithosphere.Tectonophysics,105:1-13.
Brenchley,P.J.,Rowson,P.E.,2006.The Geology of England and Wales(2nd Edition).The Geological Society of London,London.
Cox,A.,1969.Geomagnetic Reversals.Science,263:237-245.
Dietz,R.S.,1961.Continent and Ocean Basin Evolution by Spreading of the Sea Floor.Nature,190:854-857.
Ferrara,G.,Ricci,C.A.,Rita,F.,et al.,1978.Isotopic Age and Tectono-Metamorphic History of Metamorphic Basement of North-Eastern Sardinia.Contribution to Mineralogy and Petrology,68:99-106.
Griggs,D.T.,1939.Creep of Rocks.Journal of Geology,47(3):225-251.
Hess,H.H.,1962.History of Ocean Basins.In:Engel,A.E.,James,H.L.,Leonard,B.F.,eds.,Petrologic Studies:AVolume in Honor of A.F.Buddington.Geological Society of America,Boulder,599-620.
Holmes,A.,1931.Radioactivity and Earth Movements.Trans.Geol.Glasgor.,18:559-606.
Huang,J.Q.,1960.The Main Characteristics of the Geological Structure of China:Preliminary Conclusions.Acta Geologica Sinica,40(1):1-31,135(in Chinese).
Huang,J.Q.,Chen,B.W.,1987.The Evolution of the Tethys in China and Adjacent Regions.Geological Publishing House,Beijing(in Chinese).
Huang,J.Q.,Ren,J.S.,Jiang,C.F.,et al.,1977.An Outline of the Tectonic Characteristics of China.Acta Geologica Sinica,51(2):117-135(in Chinese with English Abstract).
Huang,J.Q.,Zhang,Z.K.,Zhang,Z.M.,et al.,1965.Eugeosynclines and Miogeosynclines of China and Their Development of Multi-Gyration.In:Professional Papers of Academy of Geological Sciences,Section C:Regional Geology and Structure Geology,No.1.Industry Publishing House of China,Beijing(in Chinese).
Jiang,C.F.,1994.From the Polycyclicity Theory to Openand-Close Tectonics.Acta Geoscientia Sinica,(3-4):103-112(in Chinese with English abstract).
Jiang,C.F.,Yang,J.S.,Feng,B.G.,et al.,1992.The Open and Close Structure of Kunlun.Geological Publishing House,Beijing(in Chinese).
Kr9ner,A.,Willner,A.P.,1998.Time of Formation and Peak of Variscan HP-HT Metamorphism of Quartz-Feldspar Rocks in the Erzgebirge,Saxony,Germany.Contrib.Mineral.Petrol.,132:1-20.
Le Pichon,X.,1960.The Deep Water Circulation in the Southwest Indian Ocean.J.Geophys.Res.,65(12):4061-4074.
Le Pichon,X.,1968.Sea-Floor Spreading and Continental Drift.Journal of Geophysical Research,73:3661-3697.
Ma,X.Y.,1987.Fundamental of Lithospheric Dynamics of China.Cartographic Publishing House,Beijing(in Chinese).
Ma,X.Y.,1989.Lithospheric Dynamics Atlas of China.China Cartographic Publishing House,Beijing(in Chinese).
McKenzie,D.P.,Parker,R.L.,1967.The North Pacific:An Example of Tectonics on a Sphere.Nature,216:1276-1280.
Morgan,W.J.,1972.Plate Motions and Deep Mantle Convection.Geological Society of America Memoir,132:7-22.
Rampino,M.R.,Stothers,R.B.,1984.Terrestrial Mass Extinctions:Cometary Impacts and the Sun’s Motion Perpendicular to the Galactic Plane.Nature,308(5961):709-712.
Rampino,M.R.,Stothers,R.B.,1988.Flood Basalt Volcanism during the Past 250Million Years.Science,241(4866):663-668.
Stille,H.,1924.Grundfragen der Vergleichenden Tektonik.Borntraeger,Berlin,1-443.
Tan,Y.J.,1992.The Tectonic Deformation ad Its Evolution of the Southern Margin of Ordos Basin,China(Dissertation).China University of Mining&Technology,Beijing(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wan,T.F.,2004.Outline of Chinese Geotectonics.Geological Publishing House,Beijing(in Chinese).
Wan,T.F.,2011.Chinese Geotectonics.Geological Publishing House,Beijing(in Chinese).
Wan,T.F.,2011.The Tectonics of China-Data,Maps and E-volution.Higher Education Press,Beijing;Springer,New York.
Wan,T.F.,2018a.Asian Tectonics and Giant Ore Deposits.Higher Education Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
Wan,T.F.,2018b.On the Dynamic Mechanics of Global Lithosphere Plate Tectonics.Earth Science Frontiers,25(2):320-335(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wan,T.F.,Zhu,H.,Zhao,L.,et al.,1996.Formation and E-volution of the Tancheng-Lujiang Fault Zone.China U-niversity of Geosciences Press,Wuhan.
Wegener,A.,1915.Die Entstehung der Kontinente und Ozeane.Vieweg,Braunschweig.
Wilson,J.T.,1965.A New Class of Faults and Their Bearing on Continental Drift.Nature,207:343-347.
Yang,W.R.,1992.Law of“Opening and Closing”in Geosciences and Its Application to the Study of Orogenic Belts.Geological Science and Technology Information,11(3):5-9(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang,K.,1998.A Theory of Fault-Block and Opening-Closing Tectonics-A New Thought in China’s Tectonic Study.Geological Review,44(5):449-455(in Chinese with English abstract).
黄汲清,1960.中国地质构造基本特征的初步总结.地质学报,40(1):1-31,135.
黄汲清,陈炳蔚,1987.中国及邻区特提斯海的演化.北京:地质出版社.
黄汲清,任纪舜,姜春发,等,1977.中国大地构造基本轮廓.地质学报,51(2):117-135.
黄汲清,张正坤,张之孟,等,1965.中国的优地槽和冒地槽以及它们的多旋回发展.见:地质科学研究院论文集,丙种:区域构造地质,第1号.北京:中国工业出版社.
姜春发,1994.从多旋回说到开合构造.地球学报,15(3-4):103-112.
姜春发,杨经绥,冯秉贵,等,1992.昆仑开合构造.北京:地质出版社.
马杏垣,1987.中国岩石圈动力学纲要.北京:地图出版社.
马杏垣,1989.中国岩石圈动力学地图集.北京:地图出版社.
谭永杰,1992.鄂尔多斯盆地南缘构造变形及其演化(博士学位论文).北京:中国矿业大学.
万天丰,2004.中国大地构造学纲要.北京:地质出版社.
万天丰,2011.中国大地构造学.北京:地质出版社.
万天丰,2018a.亚洲大地构造与大型矿床.北京:高等教育出版社.
万天丰,2018b.论全球岩石圈板块构造的动力学机制.地学前缘,25(2):320-335.
杨巍然,1992.地学“开合律”及其在造山带研究中的意义.地质科技情报,11(3):5-9.
张抗,1998.断块开合说---中国大地构造研究的新思维.地质论评,44(5):449-455.
Brenchley,P.J.,Rowson,P.E.,2006.The Geology of England and Wales(2nd Edition).The Geological Society of London,London.
Cox,A.,1969.Geomagnetic Reversals.Science,263:237-245.
Dietz,R.S.,1961.Continent and Ocean Basin Evolution by Spreading of the Sea Floor.Nature,190:854-857.
Ferrara,G.,Ricci,C.A.,Rita,F.,et al.,1978.Isotopic Age and Tectono-Metamorphic History of Metamorphic Basement of North-Eastern Sardinia.Contribution to Mineralogy and Petrology,68:99-106.
Griggs,D.T.,1939.Creep of Rocks.Journal of Geology,47(3):225-251.
Hess,H.H.,1962.History of Ocean Basins.In:Engel,A.E.,James,H.L.,Leonard,B.F.,eds.,Petrologic Studies:AVolume in Honor of A.F.Buddington.Geological Society of America,Boulder,599-620.
Holmes,A.,1931.Radioactivity and Earth Movements.Trans.Geol.Glasgor.,18:559-606.
Huang,J.Q.,1960.The Main Characteristics of the Geological Structure of China:Preliminary Conclusions.Acta Geologica Sinica,40(1):1-31,135(in Chinese).
Huang,J.Q.,Chen,B.W.,1987.The Evolution of the Tethys in China and Adjacent Regions.Geological Publishing House,Beijing(in Chinese).
Huang,J.Q.,Ren,J.S.,Jiang,C.F.,et al.,1977.An Outline of the Tectonic Characteristics of China.Acta Geologica Sinica,51(2):117-135(in Chinese with English Abstract).
Huang,J.Q.,Zhang,Z.K.,Zhang,Z.M.,et al.,1965.Eugeosynclines and Miogeosynclines of China and Their Development of Multi-Gyration.In:Professional Papers of Academy of Geological Sciences,Section C:Regional Geology and Structure Geology,No.1.Industry Publishing House of China,Beijing(in Chinese).
Jiang,C.F.,1994.From the Polycyclicity Theory to Openand-Close Tectonics.Acta Geoscientia Sinica,(3-4):103-112(in Chinese with English abstract).
Jiang,C.F.,Yang,J.S.,Feng,B.G.,et al.,1992.The Open and Close Structure of Kunlun.Geological Publishing House,Beijing(in Chinese).
Kr9ner,A.,Willner,A.P.,1998.Time of Formation and Peak of Variscan HP-HT Metamorphism of Quartz-Feldspar Rocks in the Erzgebirge,Saxony,Germany.Contrib.Mineral.Petrol.,132:1-20.
Le Pichon,X.,1960.The Deep Water Circulation in the Southwest Indian Ocean.J.Geophys.Res.,65(12):4061-4074.
Le Pichon,X.,1968.Sea-Floor Spreading and Continental Drift.Journal of Geophysical Research,73:3661-3697.
Ma,X.Y.,1987.Fundamental of Lithospheric Dynamics of China.Cartographic Publishing House,Beijing(in Chinese).
Ma,X.Y.,1989.Lithospheric Dynamics Atlas of China.China Cartographic Publishing House,Beijing(in Chinese).
McKenzie,D.P.,Parker,R.L.,1967.The North Pacific:An Example of Tectonics on a Sphere.Nature,216:1276-1280.
Morgan,W.J.,1972.Plate Motions and Deep Mantle Convection.Geological Society of America Memoir,132:7-22.
Rampino,M.R.,Stothers,R.B.,1984.Terrestrial Mass Extinctions:Cometary Impacts and the Sun’s Motion Perpendicular to the Galactic Plane.Nature,308(5961):709-712.
Rampino,M.R.,Stothers,R.B.,1988.Flood Basalt Volcanism during the Past 250Million Years.Science,241(4866):663-668.
Stille,H.,1924.Grundfragen der Vergleichenden Tektonik.Borntraeger,Berlin,1-443.
Tan,Y.J.,1992.The Tectonic Deformation ad Its Evolution of the Southern Margin of Ordos Basin,China(Dissertation).China University of Mining&Technology,Beijing(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wan,T.F.,2004.Outline of Chinese Geotectonics.Geological Publishing House,Beijing(in Chinese).
Wan,T.F.,2011.Chinese Geotectonics.Geological Publishing House,Beijing(in Chinese).
Wan,T.F.,2011.The Tectonics of China-Data,Maps and E-volution.Higher Education Press,Beijing;Springer,New York.
Wan,T.F.,2018a.Asian Tectonics and Giant Ore Deposits.Higher Education Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
Wan,T.F.,2018b.On the Dynamic Mechanics of Global Lithosphere Plate Tectonics.Earth Science Frontiers,25(2):320-335(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wan,T.F.,Zhu,H.,Zhao,L.,et al.,1996.Formation and E-volution of the Tancheng-Lujiang Fault Zone.China U-niversity of Geosciences Press,Wuhan.
Wegener,A.,1915.Die Entstehung der Kontinente und Ozeane.Vieweg,Braunschweig.
Wilson,J.T.,1965.A New Class of Faults and Their Bearing on Continental Drift.Nature,207:343-347.
Yang,W.R.,1992.Law of“Opening and Closing”in Geosciences and Its Application to the Study of Orogenic Belts.Geological Science and Technology Information,11(3):5-9(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang,K.,1998.A Theory of Fault-Block and Opening-Closing Tectonics-A New Thought in China’s Tectonic Study.Geological Review,44(5):449-455(in Chinese with English abstract).
黄汲清,1960.中国地质构造基本特征的初步总结.地质学报,40(1):1-31,135.
黄汲清,陈炳蔚,1987.中国及邻区特提斯海的演化.北京:地质出版社.
黄汲清,任纪舜,姜春发,等,1977.中国大地构造基本轮廓.地质学报,51(2):117-135.
黄汲清,张正坤,张之孟,等,1965.中国的优地槽和冒地槽以及它们的多旋回发展.见:地质科学研究院论文集,丙种:区域构造地质,第1号.北京:中国工业出版社.
姜春发,1994.从多旋回说到开合构造.地球学报,15(3-4):103-112.
姜春发,杨经绥,冯秉贵,等,1992.昆仑开合构造.北京:地质出版社.
马杏垣,1987.中国岩石圈动力学纲要.北京:地图出版社.
马杏垣,1989.中国岩石圈动力学地图集.北京:地图出版社.
谭永杰,1992.鄂尔多斯盆地南缘构造变形及其演化(博士学位论文).北京:中国矿业大学.
万天丰,2004.中国大地构造学纲要.北京:地质出版社.
万天丰,2011.中国大地构造学.北京:地质出版社.
万天丰,2018a.亚洲大地构造与大型矿床.北京:高等教育出版社.
万天丰,2018b.论全球岩石圈板块构造的动力学机制.地学前缘,25(2):320-335.
杨巍然,1992.地学“开合律”及其在造山带研究中的意义.地质科技情报,11(3):5-9.
张抗,1998.断块开合说---中国大地构造研究的新思维.地质论评,44(5):449-455.