助推器头部跨音速脉动压力CFD数值仿真
|
摘要
为计算大型捆绑火箭助推器头部的脉动压力,对直头锥、斜头锥2种典型助推器头部外形流场开展了流场仿真,获得了流场规律及脉动压力,重点模拟了激波/边界层干扰导致的分离流动及激波在附近物面的往复振荡现象,获得了脉动压力结果。研究表明:对于直头锥、斜头锥2种不同外形的助推器,最大均方根脉动压力系数出现的马赫数和量级均不同,与芯级干扰的程度也不同,但二者的能量都集中于低频,且随着马赫数的增大,跨音速效应均明显减少。
To calculate the fluctuating pressure on the head of the booster in the large strap-on rocket, the head shape flow fields of the straight head cone and the oblique head cone were simulated. The flow field law, the fluctuating pressure characteristics and the laws of rocket booster head were obtained. The time-marching method for unsteady flow and the RANS/LES method for turbulence were adopted in studying the fluctuating pressures between the booster and the rocket, especially those caused by the shockwave/bound-layer interaction. The fluctuating pressure characteristics with different shapes of booster nose cones or different March numbers were obtained. The simulation results showed that the positive cone and oblique cone had different numbers and orders of Mach for the occurrence of maximum P_(rms) coefficient. Furthermore, boosters with different shapes would cause interference with the core stage in different degrees. But, the power of both shapes concentrated in low frequencies and the transonic flow effect decreased with the increase of the Mach number.
To calculate the fluctuating pressure on the head of the booster in the large strap-on rocket, the head shape flow fields of the straight head cone and the oblique head cone were simulated. The flow field law, the fluctuating pressure characteristics and the laws of rocket booster head were obtained. The time-marching method for unsteady flow and the RANS/LES method for turbulence were adopted in studying the fluctuating pressures between the booster and the rocket, especially those caused by the shockwave/bound-layer interaction. The fluctuating pressure characteristics with different shapes of booster nose cones or different March numbers were obtained. The simulation results showed that the positive cone and oblique cone had different numbers and orders of Mach for the occurrence of maximum P_(rms) coefficient. Furthermore, boosters with different shapes would cause interference with the core stage in different degrees. But, the power of both shapes concentrated in low frequencies and the transonic flow effect decreased with the increase of the Mach number.
引文
[1] NASA.Buffeting during atmosphere ascent[R].NASA SP-8001,1964.
[2] 鲍贤栋.对两种头部外形气动噪声的预测分析[J].强度与环境,1980(2):31-42.Bao X D.Prediction of aerodynamic noise on two different nose cone shape [J].Structure & Environment Engineering,1980(2):31-42.(in Chinese)
[3] 沈丹,吴彦森,岑拯.芯级与助推器头部气动干扰流场数值模拟[J].导弹与航天运载技术,2013(6):42-46.Shen D,Wu Y S,Cen Z.Numerical simulation of aerodynamic interaction characteristics between the rocket and a booster’s nosecone [J].Missile and Space Vehicles,2013(6):42-46.(in Chinese)
[4] 任淑杰,张收运,闫桂荣.基于RANS/NLAS的火箭跨声速脉动压力环境预示[J].固体火箭技术,2011,42(4):418-422.Ren S J,Zhang S Y,Min G R.A prediction of fluctuation pressure conditions with transonic rocket by RANS /NLAS method [J].Journal of Solid Rocket Technology,2011,42(4):418-422.(in Chinese)
[5] 赵瑞荣,吉利,王超,等.跨声速条件下火箭整流罩表面脉动压力环境分析与预测[C]//中国力学大会,上海,2015:158.Zhao R R,Ji L,Wang C H,et al.Analysis and prediction of fluctuating pressure environment on the surface of rocket fairing under transonic condition[C]//CCTAM,Shanghai,2015:158.(in Chinese)
[6] Kenneth J P,Robertson J E.Prediction of space shuttle fluctuating pressure environments,including rocket plume effects[R].NASA-CR-124347.
[7] 赵慧勇,乐嘉陵.双时间步方法的应用分析[J].计算物理,2008,25(3):253-258.Zhao H Y,Le J L.Application analysis on dual-time stepping [J].Chinese Journal of Computational Physics,2008,25(3):253-258.(in Chinese)
[8] 肖志祥.湍流模型在复杂流场数值模拟中的应用[J].计算物理,2003,20(4):335-340.Xiao Z X.Applications of turbulence models in simulation of complex flows [J].Chinese Journal of Computation Physics,2003,20(4):335-340.(in Chinese)
[9] 肖志祥,陈海昕.采用RANS/LES 混合方法研究分离流动[J].空气动力学学报,2006,24(6):218-222.Xiao Z X,Chen H X.Simulation of separation flows with RANS/LES hybrid methods [J].Acta Aerodynamica Sinica,2006,24(6):218-222.(in Chinese)
[10] 肖志祥,陈海昕.激波/边界层干扰流动数值模拟格式的应用研究[J].西北工业大学学报,2004,22(6):800-806.Xiao Z X,Chen H X.The simulation of shock/boundary interaction flows with several temporal and spatial schemes [J].Journal of Northwestern Poly Technical University,2004,22(6):800-806.(in Chinese)
[11] 操小龙.锥-柱体外形脉动压力及抖振载荷响应研究[J].战术导弹技术,2010(1):67-72.Cao X L.The Research of fluctuating pressure and buffeting load on the cone-column body[J].Tactical Missile Technology,2010(1):67-72.(in Chinese)
[2] 鲍贤栋.对两种头部外形气动噪声的预测分析[J].强度与环境,1980(2):31-42.Bao X D.Prediction of aerodynamic noise on two different nose cone shape [J].Structure & Environment Engineering,1980(2):31-42.(in Chinese)
[3] 沈丹,吴彦森,岑拯.芯级与助推器头部气动干扰流场数值模拟[J].导弹与航天运载技术,2013(6):42-46.Shen D,Wu Y S,Cen Z.Numerical simulation of aerodynamic interaction characteristics between the rocket and a booster’s nosecone [J].Missile and Space Vehicles,2013(6):42-46.(in Chinese)
[4] 任淑杰,张收运,闫桂荣.基于RANS/NLAS的火箭跨声速脉动压力环境预示[J].固体火箭技术,2011,42(4):418-422.Ren S J,Zhang S Y,Min G R.A prediction of fluctuation pressure conditions with transonic rocket by RANS /NLAS method [J].Journal of Solid Rocket Technology,2011,42(4):418-422.(in Chinese)
[5] 赵瑞荣,吉利,王超,等.跨声速条件下火箭整流罩表面脉动压力环境分析与预测[C]//中国力学大会,上海,2015:158.Zhao R R,Ji L,Wang C H,et al.Analysis and prediction of fluctuating pressure environment on the surface of rocket fairing under transonic condition[C]//CCTAM,Shanghai,2015:158.(in Chinese)
[6] Kenneth J P,Robertson J E.Prediction of space shuttle fluctuating pressure environments,including rocket plume effects[R].NASA-CR-124347.
[7] 赵慧勇,乐嘉陵.双时间步方法的应用分析[J].计算物理,2008,25(3):253-258.Zhao H Y,Le J L.Application analysis on dual-time stepping [J].Chinese Journal of Computational Physics,2008,25(3):253-258.(in Chinese)
[8] 肖志祥.湍流模型在复杂流场数值模拟中的应用[J].计算物理,2003,20(4):335-340.Xiao Z X.Applications of turbulence models in simulation of complex flows [J].Chinese Journal of Computation Physics,2003,20(4):335-340.(in Chinese)
[9] 肖志祥,陈海昕.采用RANS/LES 混合方法研究分离流动[J].空气动力学学报,2006,24(6):218-222.Xiao Z X,Chen H X.Simulation of separation flows with RANS/LES hybrid methods [J].Acta Aerodynamica Sinica,2006,24(6):218-222.(in Chinese)
[10] 肖志祥,陈海昕.激波/边界层干扰流动数值模拟格式的应用研究[J].西北工业大学学报,2004,22(6):800-806.Xiao Z X,Chen H X.The simulation of shock/boundary interaction flows with several temporal and spatial schemes [J].Journal of Northwestern Poly Technical University,2004,22(6):800-806.(in Chinese)
[11] 操小龙.锥-柱体外形脉动压力及抖振载荷响应研究[J].战术导弹技术,2010(1):67-72.Cao X L.The Research of fluctuating pressure and buffeting load on the cone-column body[J].Tactical Missile Technology,2010(1):67-72.(in Chinese)