柴西地区下干柴沟组上段湖相碳酸盐岩沉积特征及相模式
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摘要
柴达木盆地西部地区下干柴沟组上段为一套含湖相碳酸盐岩地层,在狮子沟地区已发现了高产含油层系和多口日产千吨以上的高产井。为了进一步探索湖相碳酸盐岩油藏特征和分布规律,基于测井、地震以及岩心观察和储层分析化验资料,对湖相碳酸盐岩的元素地球化学特征、结构类型、沉积特征及沉积相展布进行了系统研究。结果表明,柴西地区湖相碳酸盐岩为混合沉积成因,岩性主要为灰云岩和泥灰岩,其次为白云岩和灰岩;碳酸盐岩的结构组分以灰泥为主,其次为颗粒。碳酸盐岩沉积微相主要有泥灰坪和灰云坪,其次为藻滩和颗粒滩。其岩性组合受古地貌、古水介质和古气候的影响,发育有局限性湖泊、半封闭性湖泊与开阔性湖泊等3种碳酸盐岩沉积序列及沉积模式。
Thick and broad lacustrine carbonate sediments developed in the upper member of the lower Ganchaigou Formation(E32)in western Qaidam Basin. Multiple oil-bearing series were found in Shizigou area and many oil wells with high yield were drilled. In order to further explore the characteristics and distribution rules of lacustrine carbonate reservoir,the data of logging,seismic,core observation and reservoir test analysis,wereused to study the geochemical characteristics,structure types,sedimentary characteristics and main controlling factors of sedimentary facies distribution of lacustrine carbonate rocks. The result shows that the lacustrine carbonate rocks in western Qaidam area are composed of mixed sedimentary rocks,and the lithologies are mainly calcitic dolomite and marl,followed by dolomite and limestone. The structural components of carbonate rocks are mainly mud-crystal and crystallite dominate,followed by particles. The sedimentary microfacies are mainly marl flats and calcite dolomite flats,followed by algal banks and oolitic banks. The lithologic assemblage is mainly affected by palaeogeomorphology,paleo-fluid and paleoclimate. Local salinization lacustrine environment,semi-closed salinization lacustrine environment and open salinization lacustrine environment are developed in the study area. The high-quality carbonate reservoirs are formed by the common action of different sedimentary environments and sedimentary models.
Thick and broad lacustrine carbonate sediments developed in the upper member of the lower Ganchaigou Formation(E32)in western Qaidam Basin. Multiple oil-bearing series were found in Shizigou area and many oil wells with high yield were drilled. In order to further explore the characteristics and distribution rules of lacustrine carbonate reservoir,the data of logging,seismic,core observation and reservoir test analysis,wereused to study the geochemical characteristics,structure types,sedimentary characteristics and main controlling factors of sedimentary facies distribution of lacustrine carbonate rocks. The result shows that the lacustrine carbonate rocks in western Qaidam area are composed of mixed sedimentary rocks,and the lithologies are mainly calcitic dolomite and marl,followed by dolomite and limestone. The structural components of carbonate rocks are mainly mud-crystal and crystallite dominate,followed by particles. The sedimentary microfacies are mainly marl flats and calcite dolomite flats,followed by algal banks and oolitic banks. The lithologic assemblage is mainly affected by palaeogeomorphology,paleo-fluid and paleoclimate. Local salinization lacustrine environment,semi-closed salinization lacustrine environment and open salinization lacustrine environment are developed in the study area. The high-quality carbonate reservoirs are formed by the common action of different sedimentary environments and sedimentary models.
引文
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