垦造水田工程中犁底层构筑试验的研究
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摘要
在保证工艺质量的前提下,为探索垦造水田工程中犁底层构筑中最优施工工艺和节约施工成本,以雷州市垦造水田项目区的田块为研究对象,采用防渗池模拟水田试验,不等次数机械碾压处理后进行保水试验对比研究。试验结果表明:合格犁底层的稳定下渗率均低于1. 911 mm/h;在喷水、淋水调整粘土土壤水分至适合碾压程度的前提下,使用超重型(整体工作质量20 t)单钢轮机械式振动压路机以第1或第2速(2. 2～4. 5 km/h)的速度经过往复2～3次碾压,保水试验效果符合田块干旱时1次性灌水后田面保持田面水72 h的建设标准,避免了不必要的施工投入,研究可为广东省垦造水田工程积累施工经验。
In order to explore the best construction technology and save construction cost on the premise of ensuring the quality of the technology,the field of Leizhou reclamation paddy field project area as the research object,the water retention test was compared after different times of mechanical rolling treatment by the simulation paddy field test of seepage control pool. The results show that the stable infiltration rate of qualified plow bottom is lower than 1. 911mm/h. On the premise of adjusting clay soil moisture by spraying and sprinkling water to suitable rolling degree,with a super heavy single-wheel mechanical vibratory roller passing through 2 ～ 3 times at the first or second speed( 2. 2 ～ 4. 5 km/h),the results of water conservation test conform to the construction standard of 72 hours after one-time irrigation when the field is dry,avoiding unnecessary construction investment. It can accumulate experience for the construction of paddy field in Guangdong province.
In order to explore the best construction technology and save construction cost on the premise of ensuring the quality of the technology,the field of Leizhou reclamation paddy field project area as the research object,the water retention test was compared after different times of mechanical rolling treatment by the simulation paddy field test of seepage control pool. The results show that the stable infiltration rate of qualified plow bottom is lower than 1. 911mm/h. On the premise of adjusting clay soil moisture by spraying and sprinkling water to suitable rolling degree,with a super heavy single-wheel mechanical vibratory roller passing through 2 ～ 3 times at the first or second speed( 2. 2 ～ 4. 5 km/h),the results of water conservation test conform to the construction standard of 72 hours after one-time irrigation when the field is dry,avoiding unnecessary construction investment. It can accumulate experience for the construction of paddy field in Guangdong province.
引文
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[2] J. E. Ayars,R. B. Hutmacher,R. A. Schoneman,R. W. O.Soppe, S. S. Vail, F. Dale. Realizing the Potential of Integrated Irrigation and Drainage Water Management for Meeting Crop Water Requirements in Semi-Arid and Arid Areas[J]. Irrigation and Drainage Systems,1999,13(4):321-347.
[3]徐琪峰.国外典型国家耕地保护经验及启示[J].黄河科技大学学报,2016,18(3):70-75.
[4]方海兴. 1949—1966年中国社会主义新农村建设研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2010.
[5]唐忠,李众敏.改革后农田水利建设投入主体缺失的经济学分析[J].农业经济问题,2005,26(2):34-40.
[6]张琰,叶文辉,杨小明,等.近年来农田水利设施建设问题的研究——以云南为例[J].经济问题探索,2011(5):180-185.
[7]罗兴佐.论新中国农田水利政策的变迁[J].探索与争鸣,2011(8):43-46.
[8]胡明,沈菊琴,刘博.水利工程项目征地占补平衡管理策略研究[J].建筑经济,2015,36(1):133-136.
[9]翟振.犁底层对作物生产与环境效应的影响及其机制研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2017.
[10]傅泽强,蔡运龙,杨友孝,等.中国粮食安全与耕地资源变化的相关分析[J].自然资源学报,2001(4):313-319.
[11]蒋霞.我国粮食安全和“三农问题”研究[J].山西农业科学,2014,42(8):771-785,791.
[12] Li Shao Shu. Study on the roles of FWUA in construction,management and maintenance of small-scale irrigation and water conservancy.[J]. Asian Agricultural Research,2013,5(4):139-144.
[13]梁邦利,姚勇.新形势下浙江省耕地占补平衡政策展望[J].浙江国土资源,2018(2):34-37.
[14]王健,吴发启,孟秦倩,等.不同利用类型土壤水分下渗特征试验研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2006(6):159-162.