不同蛋白量饵料轮转投喂对小龙虾生长的影响
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摘要
将体质量(6.456±1.868)g的克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)单尾放入底、面直径为12.1 cm和17.2 cm的圆形容器中,加水300 mL饲养.对照组有3个组,高蛋白饵料H组、低蛋白饵料L组和中蛋白饵料M组分别投喂蛋白含量为42%、12%和27%的饵料.轮转组(Rotation)有4个组分别为R1、R3、R5、R7组,每1 d、3 d、5 d、7 d轮换饵料,轮转投喂蛋白含量为42%和12%的饵料,本实验持续30 d.实验结果表明,仅R5组的体质量增长显著大于H组(P<0.05),并且在单尾检验上显著大于R1组(P<0.05);R5组体质量增长最快. M组30 d内平均摄食量显著大于轮转组和L组(P<0.05),表明对克氏原螯虾而言,中蛋白饵料的适口性最好.比较各组的饵料系数,R3组的饵料系数最低,极显著小于M组(P<0.01),显著小于R1组(P<0.05). R5组的饵料系数仅次之R3组,显著小于R1组(P<0.05).根据本研究的结果,R3组的投喂方式成本最低,R5组产量最高,建议在生产中采用R3组和R5组投喂方式为合适.
Procambarus clarkii weighting(6.456±1.868)g was placed in a circular container with a bottom diameter of 12.1 cm and upper surface diameter of 17.2 cm. Add 300 ml water in each container. There were 3 groups in the control group. High protein diet group H,low protein diet group L and medium protein diet group M were respectively fed with protein level diets of 42%,12% and 27%. Rotation group was fed with high-protein and low-protein diet in rotation. Rotation group had four groups which are R1,R3,R5,R7 group,every 1 d,3 d,5 d,7 d rotation of feed. The experiment lasted 30 d. The results indicated that only the weight growth of R5 group was significantly higher than that of H group(P<0.05),and the weight growth of R5 in single-tail test was significantly higher than that of R1 group(P<0.05). The crayfish of R5 group grew fastest. The food intake of group M was significantly higher than that of rotation group and group L(P<0.05),indicating that the medium protein content of the feed has well palatability. Compared with each group,feed coefficient of R3 group was the lowest. The feed coefficient of R3 group was significantly lower than that of group M(P<0.01)and significantly lower than that of group R1(P<0.05). The feed coefficient of R5 group was the second. The feed coefficient of R5 group was lower than that of R1(P<0.05). According to the results of this study,R3 group has the lowest cost of feeding and R5 group has the highest yield. It is recommended that the feeding methods of R3 and R5 groups are appropriate.
Procambarus clarkii weighting(6.456±1.868)g was placed in a circular container with a bottom diameter of 12.1 cm and upper surface diameter of 17.2 cm. Add 300 ml water in each container. There were 3 groups in the control group. High protein diet group H,low protein diet group L and medium protein diet group M were respectively fed with protein level diets of 42%,12% and 27%. Rotation group was fed with high-protein and low-protein diet in rotation. Rotation group had four groups which are R1,R3,R5,R7 group,every 1 d,3 d,5 d,7 d rotation of feed. The experiment lasted 30 d. The results indicated that only the weight growth of R5 group was significantly higher than that of H group(P<0.05),and the weight growth of R5 in single-tail test was significantly higher than that of R1 group(P<0.05). The crayfish of R5 group grew fastest. The food intake of group M was significantly higher than that of rotation group and group L(P<0.05),indicating that the medium protein content of the feed has well palatability. Compared with each group,feed coefficient of R3 group was the lowest. The feed coefficient of R3 group was significantly lower than that of group M(P<0.01)and significantly lower than that of group R1(P<0.05). The feed coefficient of R5 group was the second. The feed coefficient of R5 group was lower than that of R1(P<0.05). According to the results of this study,R3 group has the lowest cost of feeding and R5 group has the highest yield. It is recommended that the feeding methods of R3 and R5 groups are appropriate.
引文
[1] 殷悦.克氏原螯虾不同养殖模式的特点和养殖方法[D].南京:南京农业大学,2010.
[2] HERMAN H J,ROBERT P R.Effects of density reduction and supplemental feeding on stunted crayfish Procambarus clarkii populations in earthen ponds[J].World aquaculture society,1995(1):29-37.
[3] JOVER M,FERNANDEZ-CARMONA J,DEL RIO M C,et al.Effects of feeding cooked-extruded diets,containing different levels of protein,lipid and carbohydrate on growth of red swamp crayfish(Procambarus clarkii)[J].Aquaculture,1999,178(1/2):127-137.
[4] XU W N,LIU W B,SHEN M F,et al.Effect of different dietary protein and lipid levels on growth performance,body composition of juvenile red swamp crayfish(Procambarus clarkii)[J].Aquaculture international,2013,21(3):687-697.
[5] AUCKLAND J N,MORRIS T R,JENNINGS R C.Compensatory growth after under nutrition in market turkeys[J].British Poultry Sci,1969,10:293-302.
[6] VERLE R B.Compensatory growth of beef cattle:the effect of hay maturity[J].J Anim Sci,1955,14:249-255.
[7] 何金星,周雪瑞,唐建清,等.多重周期饥饿后克氏原螯虾的补偿生长及生理指标变化[J].安徽农业科学,2009(34):16890-16893.
[8] 董超,郑友,黄成.配合饵料和鱼肉“间隔—轮转”投喂对克氏原螯虾生长的影响[J].水产科学,2016(1):72-76.
[9] 李强.克氏原螯虾对饵料中蛋白质与磷适宜需求量的研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2012.
[10] 庞璐,何金星,唐建清.不同饵料对克氏原螯虾消化酶活性的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2009(2):212-214.
[11] 徐增洪,周鑫,水燕.克氏原螯虾的食物选择性及其摄食节律[J].大连海洋大学学报,2012,27(2):166-170.
[12] 程东海,颉志刚.饵料蛋白水平和动物蛋白源对克氏原螯虾存活和生长的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(22):11311-11313.
[2] HERMAN H J,ROBERT P R.Effects of density reduction and supplemental feeding on stunted crayfish Procambarus clarkii populations in earthen ponds[J].World aquaculture society,1995(1):29-37.
[3] JOVER M,FERNANDEZ-CARMONA J,DEL RIO M C,et al.Effects of feeding cooked-extruded diets,containing different levels of protein,lipid and carbohydrate on growth of red swamp crayfish(Procambarus clarkii)[J].Aquaculture,1999,178(1/2):127-137.
[4] XU W N,LIU W B,SHEN M F,et al.Effect of different dietary protein and lipid levels on growth performance,body composition of juvenile red swamp crayfish(Procambarus clarkii)[J].Aquaculture international,2013,21(3):687-697.
[5] AUCKLAND J N,MORRIS T R,JENNINGS R C.Compensatory growth after under nutrition in market turkeys[J].British Poultry Sci,1969,10:293-302.
[6] VERLE R B.Compensatory growth of beef cattle:the effect of hay maturity[J].J Anim Sci,1955,14:249-255.
[7] 何金星,周雪瑞,唐建清,等.多重周期饥饿后克氏原螯虾的补偿生长及生理指标变化[J].安徽农业科学,2009(34):16890-16893.
[8] 董超,郑友,黄成.配合饵料和鱼肉“间隔—轮转”投喂对克氏原螯虾生长的影响[J].水产科学,2016(1):72-76.
[9] 李强.克氏原螯虾对饵料中蛋白质与磷适宜需求量的研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2012.
[10] 庞璐,何金星,唐建清.不同饵料对克氏原螯虾消化酶活性的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2009(2):212-214.
[11] 徐增洪,周鑫,水燕.克氏原螯虾的食物选择性及其摄食节律[J].大连海洋大学学报,2012,27(2):166-170.
[12] 程东海,颉志刚.饵料蛋白水平和动物蛋白源对克氏原螯虾存活和生长的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(22):11311-11313.