鸭色素合成相关基因TYR外显子1单核苷酸多态性及其与羽色性状相关性分析
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摘要
【目的】旨在探究鸭羽色群体中TYR外显子1单核苷酸多态性与羽色性状的相关性。【方法】以樱桃谷鸭D系与连城白鸭杂交后代F1自群繁育得到的四个羽色群体为实验样本,对其进行采血提取DNA并记录羽色性状,扩增得到TYR基因外显子1序列,送至测序并分析其SNP位点分布与羽色性状的相关性。【结果】结果表明:鸭TYR基因外显子1长843 bp,编码281个氨基酸,核苷酸序列与鸡相似性为99%,A+T共417个碱基(49.46%),C+G共438个碱基(51.95%)。A+T含量与G+C含量大致相同;比对外显子1序列后发现,存在1个新发现的SNP位点(507 T→C),属无义突变,该位点存在3种基因型(TT CT CC);通过卡方标准检验,表明基因型分布在各个羽色群体中分布差异不显著;得到羽色性状分布与C基因频率(P=0.07)、CC基因型频率的相关系数(P=0.055),可知羽色性状分布与C基因型频率存在一致性,但不显著。【结论】TYR可能并非控制羽色的主效基因,但它和羽色存在相关性。
【Objective】This study was to investigate the association between single polymorphisms(SNPs)of first exon of the TYR gene among the four groups categorized by color and the plumage color traits.【Method】The materials were selected from the offspring(F2) of F1(all gray) which came from the crossing of the cherry valley D strain and white Liancheng. The blood samples were collected for DNA extraction and feather color traits were recorded. The first exon of TYR in 160 individuals were amplified and sequenced. The association between SNPs in the first exon of the TYR gene and plumage color traits was analyzed.【Result】The first exon of TYR consisted of 843 nucleotides,encoding 281 amino acid residues,the nucleotide sequence is 99% likely with the same gene in chicken. Compared to the sequence of exon 1,there is a newly discovered SNP(507 T>C),which is a nonsense mutation,there were three genetypes for it(TT,CT and CC);The chi-square test showedthat there was no significant difference of genotypes distribution among the four groups categorized by colour; The association indexs between the distribution of melanin in feather and the frequency of C gene(P =0.07) and the frequency CC genotype(P=0.055)indicated that there was consistency,but not significant.【Conclusion】The TYR gene may not be the major gene which controls the plumage color traits of ducks, but there is association between TYR and the distribution of melanin.
【Objective】This study was to investigate the association between single polymorphisms(SNPs)of first exon of the TYR gene among the four groups categorized by color and the plumage color traits.【Method】The materials were selected from the offspring(F2) of F1(all gray) which came from the crossing of the cherry valley D strain and white Liancheng. The blood samples were collected for DNA extraction and feather color traits were recorded. The first exon of TYR in 160 individuals were amplified and sequenced. The association between SNPs in the first exon of the TYR gene and plumage color traits was analyzed.【Result】The first exon of TYR consisted of 843 nucleotides,encoding 281 amino acid residues,the nucleotide sequence is 99% likely with the same gene in chicken. Compared to the sequence of exon 1,there is a newly discovered SNP(507 T>C),which is a nonsense mutation,there were three genetypes for it(TT,CT and CC);The chi-square test showedthat there was no significant difference of genotypes distribution among the four groups categorized by colour; The association indexs between the distribution of melanin in feather and the frequency of C gene(P =0.07) and the frequency CC genotype(P=0.055)indicated that there was consistency,but not significant.【Conclusion】The TYR gene may not be the major gene which controls the plumage color traits of ducks, but there is association between TYR and the distribution of melanin.
引文
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[11]LI G,LI D,YANG N,et al.A genome-wide association study identifies novel single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with dermal shank pigmentation in chickens[J].Poult Sci,2014,93(12):2983-2987.
[12]LIU W B,CHEN S R,ZHENG J X,et al.Developmental phenotypic-genotypic associations of tyrosinase and melanocortin 1receptor genes with changing profiles in chicken plumage pigmentation[J].Poultry Science,2010,89(6):1110-1114.
[13]WANG Y,LI S M,HUANG J,et al.Mutations of TYR and MITF genes are associated with plumage colour phenotypes in geese[J].Asian-Australas J Anim Sci.,2014,27(6):778-783.
[14]邓学梅.用于鸡基因定位的资源群体的建立和黑色素等质量性状的遗传分析[D].北京:中国农业大学,2001.
[15]GONG Y,YANG Q,LI S,et al.Grey plumage colouration in the duck is genetically determined by the alleles on two different,interacting loci[J].Animal Genetics,2010,41(1):105-108.
[2]郑嫩珠,辛清武,缪中纬,等.黑色素基因在半番鸭及番鸭不同羽色中的差异表达研究[J].福建农业学报,2013,28(5):427-431.
[3]ANDO H,KONDOH H,ICHIHASHI M,et al.Approaches to identify inhibitors of melanin biosynthesis via the quality control of tyrosinase[J].Journal of Investigative Dermatology,2007,127(4):751.
[4]BOISSY R E,MOELLMANN G E,HALABAN R.Tyrosinase and acid phosphatase activities in melanocytes from avian albinos[J].Journal of Investigative Dermatology,1987,88(3):292.
[5]陈志强,邓学梅,周军,等.鸡的酪氨酸酶基因5’调控区的单链构象多态性分析[J].农业生物技术学报,2005,13(2):191-194.
[6]朱志明,郑嫩珠,缪中纬,等.鸭TYR基因序列的克隆与分析[J].福建农业学报,2008,23(3):247-250.
[7]NAN H,KRAFT P,HUNTER D J,et al.Genetic variants in pigmentation genes,pigmentary phenotypes,and risk of skin cancer in Caucasians[J].International Journal of Cancer,2009,125(4):909-917.
[8]LAMASON R L,MOHIDEEN M A,MEST J R,et al.SLC24A5,a putative cation exchanger,affects pigmentation in zebrafish and humans[J].Science,2005,310(5755):1782-1786.
[9]杨舒黎,毛华明,舒文,等.云南乌骨绵羊乌质性状与TYR基因多态性的相关分析[J].遗传,2006,28(3):291-298.
[10]张建勤,陈宏,孙兆军,等.不同鸡品种TYR基因遗传变异分析[J].畜牧兽医学报,2008,39(9):1153-1158.
[11]LI G,LI D,YANG N,et al.A genome-wide association study identifies novel single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with dermal shank pigmentation in chickens[J].Poult Sci,2014,93(12):2983-2987.
[12]LIU W B,CHEN S R,ZHENG J X,et al.Developmental phenotypic-genotypic associations of tyrosinase and melanocortin 1receptor genes with changing profiles in chicken plumage pigmentation[J].Poultry Science,2010,89(6):1110-1114.
[13]WANG Y,LI S M,HUANG J,et al.Mutations of TYR and MITF genes are associated with plumage colour phenotypes in geese[J].Asian-Australas J Anim Sci.,2014,27(6):778-783.
[14]邓学梅.用于鸡基因定位的资源群体的建立和黑色素等质量性状的遗传分析[D].北京:中国农业大学,2001.
[15]GONG Y,YANG Q,LI S,et al.Grey plumage colouration in the duck is genetically determined by the alleles on two different,interacting loci[J].Animal Genetics,2010,41(1):105-108.