狼山鸡保种群不同世代MHC BF基因遗传多样性研究
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摘要
通过Illumina平台Miseq重测序方法分析不同世代(G0、G5、G10、G12、G14、G15、G17)的MHC BF1和BF2基因座位多态性,揭示狼山鸡不同世代间MHC BF基因遗传多样性,为更好地监测保种效果提供科学的决策依据。在狼山鸡7个世代中分别鉴定出MHC BF1、BF2基因59和34个SNPs。狼山鸡MHC BF1基因观察杂合度(Ho)、期望杂合度(He)和多态信息含量(PIC)在G10、G12、G14保持稳定,Ho在不同世代变化情况为G17>G15>G14、G12、G10>G5>G0,He和PIC在不同世代变化情况为G17、G15>G14、G12、G10>G5>G0,MHC BF2基因的Ho在G10、G14、G15保持稳定,其他世代变化情况为G17、G12>G15、G14、G10>G0、G5;He和PIC在G12、G14、G15和G17保持稳定,在其他世代变化情况为G17、G15、G14、G12>G10>G5、G0。从本研究结果看,狼山鸡不同世代MHC BF1和BF2遗传多样性变化规律不太一致,但总体规律符合波动选择(时空变换的选择)假说,随着时间的推移MHC BF基因遗传多样性变得更为丰富,在某些连续几个世代群体遗传多样性基本保持稳定,这可能与MHC BF基因功能有关。
The MHC BF1 and BF2 loci polymorphisms of different generations(G0, G5, G10, G12, G14, G15, G17) were analyzed by illumina platform Miseq re-sequencing, and revealed the genetic diversity of MHC BF gene between different generations of Langshan chicken, in order to provide a scientific basis for better monitoring of the conservation effect.There were 59 and 34 SNPs of MHC BF1, BF2 gene identified in seven generations. Ho, He and PIC of MHC BF1 gene in generations G12, G14, and G15 remained stable. There were differences in different generations for Ho of MHCBF1 gene, with generations G17>G15>G14,G12,G10>G5>G0. There were differences in different generations for He and PIC of MHC BF1 gene, with generations G17, G15>G14, G12, G10>G5>G0. Ho of MHC BF2 gene in generations G10, G14 and G15 remained stable. There were differences in different generations for Ho of MHC BF2 gene, with generations G17, G12>G15, G14, G10>G5, G0. He and PIC of MHC BF2 gene in generations G12, G14 and G15 remained stable. There were differences in different generations for He and PIC of MHC BF2 gene, with generations G17, G15, G14, G12>G10>G5, G0. The results showed that the genetic diversity of MHC BF1 and BF2 were different in different generations, but the overall law was in accordance with the hypothesis of the choice of fluctuation(choice of spatiotemporal transformation). The genetic diversity of the MHC BF gene became more abundant over time, and the genetic diversity remained stable in some successive generations, which may be related to the MHC BF gene function.
The MHC BF1 and BF2 loci polymorphisms of different generations(G0, G5, G10, G12, G14, G15, G17) were analyzed by illumina platform Miseq re-sequencing, and revealed the genetic diversity of MHC BF gene between different generations of Langshan chicken, in order to provide a scientific basis for better monitoring of the conservation effect.There were 59 and 34 SNPs of MHC BF1, BF2 gene identified in seven generations. Ho, He and PIC of MHC BF1 gene in generations G12, G14, and G15 remained stable. There were differences in different generations for Ho of MHCBF1 gene, with generations G17>G15>G14,G12,G10>G5>G0. There were differences in different generations for He and PIC of MHC BF1 gene, with generations G17, G15>G14, G12, G10>G5>G0. Ho of MHC BF2 gene in generations G10, G14 and G15 remained stable. There were differences in different generations for Ho of MHC BF2 gene, with generations G17, G12>G15, G14, G10>G5, G0. He and PIC of MHC BF2 gene in generations G12, G14 and G15 remained stable. There were differences in different generations for He and PIC of MHC BF2 gene, with generations G17, G15, G14, G12>G10>G5, G0. The results showed that the genetic diversity of MHC BF1 and BF2 were different in different generations, but the overall law was in accordance with the hypothesis of the choice of fluctuation(choice of spatiotemporal transformation). The genetic diversity of the MHC BF gene became more abundant over time, and the genetic diversity remained stable in some successive generations, which may be related to the MHC BF gene function.
引文
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[3]屠云洁,苏一军,张学余,等.9个地方鸡种MHC B-G座位多态性及其分子系统进化分析[J].安徽大学学报,2012,36(2):88-94.
[4]Kubinak J L,Ruff J S,Hyzer CW,et al.Experimental viral evolution to specific host MHC genotypes reveals fitness and virulence trade‐offs in alternative MHC types[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci,2012,109(9):3422-3427.
[5]Mc Cairns R J,Bourget S,Bernatchez L.Putative causes and consequences of MHC variation within and between locally adapted stickleback dem[J].Mol Ecol,2011,20(3):486-502.
[6]Zhang M,He H X.Parasite-mediated selection of major histocompatibility complex variability in wild brandt’s voles(L asiopodomysbrandtii)from Inner Mongolia,China[J].BMC Evol Biol,2013,13:149.
[7]Antoniou A N,Powis S J,Elliott T.Assembly and export of MHC classⅠpeptide ligands[J].Curr Opin I mmunol,2003,15(1):75-81.
[8]戴银,胡晓苗,赵瑞宏,等.鸡M HCⅠα和β2 m链基因真核表达载体的构建及其在293T细胞中的表达[J].中国畜牧兽医,2016,43(8):1938-1943.
[9]武永淑,韩凌霞.家禽MHC结构研究进展[J].遗传,2012,34(6):673-678.
[10]Frangoulis B,Park I,Guillemot F,et al.Auffary,R.Zoorob.Identification of thetapasin gene in the chicken major histocompabibilitycomplex[J].Immunogenetics,1999,49(4):328-337.
[11]萨姆布鲁克.分子克隆实验指南[M].第2版.沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,1992.
[12]Nei M.Estimation of average heterozygosity and geneticdistance from a small number of individuals[J].Gene,1978,89:583-590.
[13]Botstein D,White R L,Skolnick M,et al.Const-ruction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms[J].Am J Hun Genet,1980,32:314-331.
[14]Hedrick P W.Perspective:highly variable loci and their interpretation in evolution andconservation[J].Evolution,1999,53:313-318.
[15]Bematchez L,Landry C.MHC studies in nonmode vertebrates:what have we learned about natural selection in 15 years[J].J Evol Biol,2003,16(3):363-377.
[16]Barber L D,Parham P.Peptide binding to major histocompatibil itycomplemolecules[J].Ann Revcell Biol,1993,9(1):163-206.
[17]Eshel I,Hamilton W D.Parent offspring correlation in fimess under fluctuating selection[J].P Roy Soc B-Biol LSci,1984,222(1226):1-14.
[18]Lively C M,Jokelaf J.Temporal and spatial distributions of parasites and sex in a freshwater snail[J].Evol Ecol Res,2002,4(2):219-226.
[19]Bonneaud C,Pérez-Tris J,Federici P,et al.Major histocompatibility alleles associatedwith local resistance to realaria in a passerine[J].Evolution,2006,60(2):383-389.