直流GIL用非线性电导环氧绝缘子电场仿真
|
摘要
气固界面的电场畸变被认为是导致高压直流气体绝缘输电管道(GIL)发生沿面闪络和耐电性能降低的主要原因,传统结构优化和材料改性等均压方法的局限性愈加突出,迫切需要合理的调控手段。论文提出利用非线性电导复合材料来改善气固界面的电场畸变,首先测量了不同温度下环氧树脂复合材料的非线性电导特性,并以此为参数仿真计算了不同工况下传统和新型绝缘子沿面电场分布情况。仿真结果表明:满载时导体温升在一定范围内可以降低高压侧的沿面电场畸变,但是过载也会造成地电极侧的电场畸变;采用非线性电导环氧绝缘子后,空载条件下最大电场强度可降低40%,高温度梯度下沿面电场分布也会得到有效改善;绝缘子中由泄露电流产生的损耗功率随着温度的升高而增加,但与导杆的损耗功率相比可以忽略。非线性电导环氧树脂能够有效改善直流气固界面的电场分布,有望在直流气体绝缘输电管道中得到广泛应用。
The electrical field distortion at the gas-solid interface is a primary factor to induce flashover and decrease the withstand voltage of the HVDC gas insulated transmission line(GIL). Traditional electrical field homogenization methods,such as structure optimization and material modification, have some limitations, thus urgently required to be effectivelyregulated. We proposed to use nonlinear conductivity composite to suppress field distortion. Electrical field along the traditional and novel spacers under different conditions were calculated based on the measured nonlinear conductivities of epoxy composites at different temperatures. Results show that, in full load conditions, the conductor temperature rise can uniform the electrical field in a certain range, but it will cause field distortion near the ground electrode while overloading.The application of nonlinear conductive epoxy composites can decrease the maximum field by 40% and uniform the electrical field distribution under high temperature gradients. The power loss generated by the leakage current in the spacer increases with temperature, but it can be ignored compared with the conductor current heating. Epoxy composites with nonlinear conductivity can improve the electric field distribution at the gas-solid interface effectively, and are expected to be widely used in DC GIL.
The electrical field distortion at the gas-solid interface is a primary factor to induce flashover and decrease the withstand voltage of the HVDC gas insulated transmission line(GIL). Traditional electrical field homogenization methods,such as structure optimization and material modification, have some limitations, thus urgently required to be effectivelyregulated. We proposed to use nonlinear conductivity composite to suppress field distortion. Electrical field along the traditional and novel spacers under different conditions were calculated based on the measured nonlinear conductivities of epoxy composites at different temperatures. Results show that, in full load conditions, the conductor temperature rise can uniform the electrical field in a certain range, but it will cause field distortion near the ground electrode while overloading.The application of nonlinear conductive epoxy composites can decrease the maximum field by 40% and uniform the electrical field distribution under high temperature gradients. The power loss generated by the leakage current in the spacer increases with temperature, but it can be ignored compared with the conductor current heating. Epoxy composites with nonlinear conductivity can improve the electric field distribution at the gas-solid interface effectively, and are expected to be widely used in DC GIL.
引文
[1]杜伯学,杜强,李进,等.气体绝缘输电管道用环氧树脂/氮化硼高导热复合材料表面电荷动态特性[J].高电压技术,2018,44(8):2646-2653.DU Boxue,DU Qiang,LI Jin,et al.Surface charge dynamic behaviors of epoxy/BN composite with high thermal conductivity for gas insulated transmission pipeline[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(8):2646-2653.
[2]杜伯学,梁虎成,杜强,等.交流与脉冲电压联合作用下环氧树脂表面电荷的动态特性[J].高电压技术,2018,44(3):688-695.DU Boxue,LIANG Hucheng,DU Qiang,et al.Effects of AC and pulse voltage combination on surface charge accumulation and decay of epoxy resin[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(3):688-695.
[3]DU B X,LIANG H C,LI J,et al.Electrical field distribution along SF6/N2 filled DC-GIS/GIL epoxy resin spacer[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2018,25(4):1202-1210.
[4]MAGIER T,TENZER M,KOCH H.Direct current gas-insulated transmission lines[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2018,33(1):440-446.
[5]DU B X,LI J.Effects of ambient temperature on surface charge and flashover of heat-shrinkable polymer under polarity reversal voltage[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2016,23(2):1190-1197.
[6]何金良,杨霄,胡军.非线性均压材料的设计理论与参数调控[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(16):44-60.HE Jinliang,YANG Xiao,HU Jun.Progress of theory and parameter adjustment for nonlinear resistive field grading materials[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(16):44-60.
[7]LI J,DU B X,KONG X X,et al.Nonlinear conductivity and interface charge behaviors between LDPE and EPDM/SiC composite for HVDCcable accessory[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2017,24(3):1566-1573.
[8]DU B X,YANG Z R,LI Z L,et al.Surface charge behavior of silicone rubber/SiC composites with field-dependent conductivity[J].IEEETransactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2017,24(3):1340-1348.
[9]QI X,ZHENG Z,BOGGS S.Engineering with nonlinear dielectrics[J].IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine,2004,20(6):27-34.
[10]刘晨阳,郑晓泉,别成亮.掺杂ZnO/环氧树脂基体的制备及其非线性电导改性研究[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(12):24-30.LIU Chenyang,ZHENG Xiaoquan,BIE Chengliang.Research of preparation and non-linear conductivity modification of doped ZnO/epoxide resin material[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(12):24-30.
[11]LIANG H C,DU B X,LI J,et al.Effects of non-linear conductivity on charge trapping and de-trapping behaviors in epoxy/SiC composites under DC stress[J].IET Science Measurement&Technology,2018,12(1):83-89.
[12]DU B X,LIANG H C,LI J,et al.Temperature dependent surface potential decay and flashover characteristics of epoxy/SiC composites[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2018,25(2):631-638.
[13]胡军,赵孝磊,杨霄,等.非线性电导材料应力锥改善电缆终端电场强度分布[J].高电压技术,2017,43(2):398-404.HU Jun,ZHAO Xiaolei,YANG Xiao,et al.Improving the electric field strength distribution of cable terminals by stress cone of nonlinear conductivity material[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(2):398-404.
[14]TIAN J,XU R,HE H,et al.The nonlinear conductivity and mechanism of Zn O ceramic-epoxy composite material[J].Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2017,723:1011-1017.
[15]LI C Y,LIN C J,HU J,et al.Novel HVDC spacers by adaptively controlling surface charges-partⅠ:charge transport and control strategy[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2018,25(4):1238-1247.
[16]LI C Y,LIN C J,YANG Y,et al.Novel HVDC spacers by adaptively controlling surface charges-partⅡ:experiment[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2018,25(4):1248-1258.
[17]LIN C J,LI Q,LI C Y,et al.Novel HVDC spacers by adaptively controlling surface charges-partⅢ:industrialization prospects[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2018,25(4):1259-1266.
[18]ZHOU H Y,MA G M,LI C R,et al.Impact of temperature on surface charges accumulation on insulators in SF6-filled DC-GIL[J].IEEETransactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2017,24(1):601-610.
[2]杜伯学,梁虎成,杜强,等.交流与脉冲电压联合作用下环氧树脂表面电荷的动态特性[J].高电压技术,2018,44(3):688-695.DU Boxue,LIANG Hucheng,DU Qiang,et al.Effects of AC and pulse voltage combination on surface charge accumulation and decay of epoxy resin[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(3):688-695.
[3]DU B X,LIANG H C,LI J,et al.Electrical field distribution along SF6/N2 filled DC-GIS/GIL epoxy resin spacer[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2018,25(4):1202-1210.
[4]MAGIER T,TENZER M,KOCH H.Direct current gas-insulated transmission lines[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2018,33(1):440-446.
[5]DU B X,LI J.Effects of ambient temperature on surface charge and flashover of heat-shrinkable polymer under polarity reversal voltage[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2016,23(2):1190-1197.
[6]何金良,杨霄,胡军.非线性均压材料的设计理论与参数调控[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(16):44-60.HE Jinliang,YANG Xiao,HU Jun.Progress of theory and parameter adjustment for nonlinear resistive field grading materials[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(16):44-60.
[7]LI J,DU B X,KONG X X,et al.Nonlinear conductivity and interface charge behaviors between LDPE and EPDM/SiC composite for HVDCcable accessory[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2017,24(3):1566-1573.
[8]DU B X,YANG Z R,LI Z L,et al.Surface charge behavior of silicone rubber/SiC composites with field-dependent conductivity[J].IEEETransactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2017,24(3):1340-1348.
[9]QI X,ZHENG Z,BOGGS S.Engineering with nonlinear dielectrics[J].IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine,2004,20(6):27-34.
[10]刘晨阳,郑晓泉,别成亮.掺杂ZnO/环氧树脂基体的制备及其非线性电导改性研究[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(12):24-30.LIU Chenyang,ZHENG Xiaoquan,BIE Chengliang.Research of preparation and non-linear conductivity modification of doped ZnO/epoxide resin material[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(12):24-30.
[11]LIANG H C,DU B X,LI J,et al.Effects of non-linear conductivity on charge trapping and de-trapping behaviors in epoxy/SiC composites under DC stress[J].IET Science Measurement&Technology,2018,12(1):83-89.
[12]DU B X,LIANG H C,LI J,et al.Temperature dependent surface potential decay and flashover characteristics of epoxy/SiC composites[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2018,25(2):631-638.
[13]胡军,赵孝磊,杨霄,等.非线性电导材料应力锥改善电缆终端电场强度分布[J].高电压技术,2017,43(2):398-404.HU Jun,ZHAO Xiaolei,YANG Xiao,et al.Improving the electric field strength distribution of cable terminals by stress cone of nonlinear conductivity material[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(2):398-404.
[14]TIAN J,XU R,HE H,et al.The nonlinear conductivity and mechanism of Zn O ceramic-epoxy composite material[J].Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2017,723:1011-1017.
[15]LI C Y,LIN C J,HU J,et al.Novel HVDC spacers by adaptively controlling surface charges-partⅠ:charge transport and control strategy[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2018,25(4):1238-1247.
[16]LI C Y,LIN C J,YANG Y,et al.Novel HVDC spacers by adaptively controlling surface charges-partⅡ:experiment[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2018,25(4):1248-1258.
[17]LIN C J,LI Q,LI C Y,et al.Novel HVDC spacers by adaptively controlling surface charges-partⅢ:industrialization prospects[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2018,25(4):1259-1266.
[18]ZHOU H Y,MA G M,LI C R,et al.Impact of temperature on surface charges accumulation on insulators in SF6-filled DC-GIL[J].IEEETransactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2017,24(1):601-610.