南沙永暑礁近海面风的特征分析
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摘要
选用南沙永暑礁1989年1月到2009年12月的水文气象月报表资料,运用概率统计的方法将风向和风速记录资料进行分析,定义了永暑礁的4个风期,通过风向风速的年内变化分析得出永暑礁盛行风风向在年内变化成顺时针向右偏移;无论是东北季风期,还是西南季风期,盛行风平均风速都大于非盛行风。东北季风期主导风向顺时针偏移时风力减小,西南季风期主导风向顺时针偏移时,到南南西风时最大,在西南风时略有减弱,呈现波状发展趋势。通过引入风速不稳定指数概念,发现永暑礁西南季风期风速变化突然,更不稳定。
Statistics of probability is applied to the analysis of wind speed and direction by using hydro-meteorological data of Fiery Cross Reef from Jan1989 to Dec 2009,and four wind seasons are defined within a year.The seasonal shifting of wind direction is a clockwise variation.Average wind speed of the prevailing wind is larger than non-prevailing ones in either northeast monsoon season or southwest monsoon season.In northeast monsoon season,prevailing wind speed tends to decrease during clockwise shifting of wind direction.While in southwest monsoon season,prevailing wind speed varies in wave pattern,and reaches its peak at south-southwest direction during clockwise shifting of wind direction.Velocity instability index is introduced to show that wind speed change more rapidly and unstably near Fiery Cross Reef.
Statistics of probability is applied to the analysis of wind speed and direction by using hydro-meteorological data of Fiery Cross Reef from Jan1989 to Dec 2009,and four wind seasons are defined within a year.The seasonal shifting of wind direction is a clockwise variation.Average wind speed of the prevailing wind is larger than non-prevailing ones in either northeast monsoon season or southwest monsoon season.In northeast monsoon season,prevailing wind speed tends to decrease during clockwise shifting of wind direction.While in southwest monsoon season,prevailing wind speed varies in wave pattern,and reaches its peak at south-southwest direction during clockwise shifting of wind direction.Velocity instability index is introduced to show that wind speed change more rapidly and unstably near Fiery Cross Reef.
引文
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[3]南海舰队海洋水文气象中心.南沙永暑礁1988年9月到2009年12月水文气象月报表观测资料[Z].
[4]陈奇礼.1993对南海海季风进退及强度的气候分析[J].热带海洋学报,1993,9(2):124-132.
[5]杨大升.动力气象学[M].北京:气象出版社,1983:245-246.
[6]日本气象协会,气象传真图的应用[M].北京:气象出版社,1978:41-42.
[7]南海舰队海洋水文气象中心.南海天气与军事水文气象预报[M].天津:海军航保部,2006:178-180.
[8]朱广彬,丁剑.NINO3海面温度异常时间序列的小波分析[J].测绘科学,2006,31(3):33-35,49.