急倾斜松软煤层巷道不等强耦合动态支护
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摘要
为解决急倾斜煤层巷道施工顶煤极易垮冒进而导致顶板失稳变形的问题,系统地研究了急倾斜煤层巷道围岩稳定性控制等问题,提出了随煤层厚度变化动态调整巷道断面尺寸、异形断面不等强锚网索喷耦合支护、关键部位补强加固组成的不等强耦合动态支护技术方案,并通过数值模拟和井下工程实践对支护效果进行了验证。研究表明:通过随急倾斜煤层厚度变化及时以巷帮煤岩切点调整巷道断面尺寸可避免顶煤和底板出现卸压三角区,全断面锚网喷支护配合顶板高预应力锚索、高帮锚梁参配钢筋梯、顶煤大托板护壁共同形成悬吊组合拱结构实现控顶卸压,巷顶揭露的煤壁垂直于顶板设计能够有效控制顶板抽冒,实现对急倾斜松软煤层巷道围岩变形的有效控制。
In order to solve the problem of roof instability and deformation caused by the roof coal in the steep seam roadway construction, the stability control of the surrounding rock of the steep seam roadway is systematically studied. The unequal coupling dynamic support technology scheme including dynamically adjusting the roadway section size with the change of the thickness of coal seam, the coupling support of unequal strength anchor-net-spray of the unequal cross section and the reinforcement of key parts is proposed, and the supporting effect is verified by numerical simulation and underground engineering practice. The study shows that the triangle area of top coal and floor can be avoided by adjusting the size of roadway section with the change of the thickness of the steep coal seam with the cutting point of the roadway in time. The full section anchor net shotcrete support is combined with the top pre-stressed anchor cable, the high anchor beam and the steel bar and the top coal bracing wall together to form the structure of the suspended composite arch. The design of coal wall exposed by the roadway roof is perpendicular to the roof can effectively control the roof collapse, which can effectively control the deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway in the steep and soft coal seam.
In order to solve the problem of roof instability and deformation caused by the roof coal in the steep seam roadway construction, the stability control of the surrounding rock of the steep seam roadway is systematically studied. The unequal coupling dynamic support technology scheme including dynamically adjusting the roadway section size with the change of the thickness of coal seam, the coupling support of unequal strength anchor-net-spray of the unequal cross section and the reinforcement of key parts is proposed, and the supporting effect is verified by numerical simulation and underground engineering practice. The study shows that the triangle area of top coal and floor can be avoided by adjusting the size of roadway section with the change of the thickness of the steep coal seam with the cutting point of the roadway in time. The full section anchor net shotcrete support is combined with the top pre-stressed anchor cable, the high anchor beam and the steel bar and the top coal bracing wall together to form the structure of the suspended composite arch. The design of coal wall exposed by the roadway roof is perpendicular to the roof can effectively control the roof collapse, which can effectively control the deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway in the steep and soft coal seam.
引文
[1]宗义江,韩立军,郜建明.极破碎软岩巷道失稳机理与动态迭加耦合支护技术研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(3):355-362.
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[9]查文华,谢广祥,罗勇.不同支护形式下急倾斜煤层巷道支护对比实验研究[J].煤矿安全,2006,37(6):4.
[10]张永琴,杨建均,何杨.巷道断面形态对急倾斜煤层巷道稳定性的影响分析[J].矿业安全与环保,2016,43(6):95-98.
[11]李树刚,成小雨,刘超,等.松软煤层动压巷道变形破坏特征及加固技术研究[J].煤矿开采,2014(5):51.
[12]张明禄,梁雷,张新过,等.松软破碎煤层巷道掘进与支护技术研究[J].煤炭工程,2015,47(6):43-45.
[13]赵通,弓培林.基于耦合支护理论的破碎软岩巷道支护及其评价[J].煤矿安全,2014,45(2):184-187.
[14]李中伟,张剑,王挺,等.深部松软煤层动压巷道变形机理与支护技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(11):16-21.
[15]孙晓明,何满潮,冯增强.深部松软破碎煤层巷道锚网索支护技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2005,33(3):47-50.
[2]侯涛,李彦斌,李立功.深部急倾斜煤层巷道刚柔嵌合锚注支护技术[J].煤矿安全,2015,46(2):72-75.
[3]伍永平,张永涛,解盘石,等.急倾斜煤层巷道围岩变形破坏特征及支护技术研究[J].煤炭工程,2012(1):92-95.
[4]马振乾,姜耀东,杨英明,等.急倾斜松软煤层巷道变形特征与控制技术[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2016,33(2):253-259.
[5]路之浩,冯国瑞,丁国利.复合顶板松软煤层巷道破坏机理及高预应力支护技术[J].煤矿安全,2014,45(4):92-95.
[6]经来旺,朱天义,董继华,等.深层松软煤层巷道帮部围岩变形机理与支护技术[J].煤矿安全,2015,46(11):219-222.
[7]郑建彬,谢文兵,王其洲,等.叠加支承压力下松软煤层巷道支护技术[J].煤矿安全,2015,46(8):124.
[8]伍永平,解盘石,任世广.大倾角煤层开采围岩空间非对称结构特征分析[J].煤炭学报,2010(2):182-184.
[9]查文华,谢广祥,罗勇.不同支护形式下急倾斜煤层巷道支护对比实验研究[J].煤矿安全,2006,37(6):4.
[10]张永琴,杨建均,何杨.巷道断面形态对急倾斜煤层巷道稳定性的影响分析[J].矿业安全与环保,2016,43(6):95-98.
[11]李树刚,成小雨,刘超,等.松软煤层动压巷道变形破坏特征及加固技术研究[J].煤矿开采,2014(5):51.
[12]张明禄,梁雷,张新过,等.松软破碎煤层巷道掘进与支护技术研究[J].煤炭工程,2015,47(6):43-45.
[13]赵通,弓培林.基于耦合支护理论的破碎软岩巷道支护及其评价[J].煤矿安全,2014,45(2):184-187.
[14]李中伟,张剑,王挺,等.深部松软煤层动压巷道变形机理与支护技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(11):16-21.
[15]孙晓明,何满潮,冯增强.深部松软破碎煤层巷道锚网索支护技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2005,33(3):47-50.