硬岩巷道深孔掏槽数值模拟与试验研究
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摘要
为解决硬岩巷道深孔掘进爆破受岩石夹制作用大、爆破效率低、循环进尺小、采掘比例严重失调等问题,采用LS-DYNA软件数值模拟和模型试验方法对深孔直眼掏槽爆破进行分析,包括四角九孔掏槽、双空孔菱形掏槽和复式筒形掏槽。根据岩石爆破破碎理论及柱状药包理论,对上述深孔直眼掏槽过程进行数值模拟,通过对三种深孔直眼掏槽的不同时刻应力云图和有效应力时程曲线的分析,比较高应力大小和高应力持续时间,得到药包起爆后的应力传播规律和空孔应力集中现象。结合在查干敖包铁锌矿进行现场试验,比较炮眼利用率、炸药单耗等指标,得到复式筒形掏槽为最优设计方案。
In order to solve the hard rock tunnel excavation by blasting in deep hole rock clamping effect,low blasting efficiency,small round,mining serious imbalance and other issues,numerical simulation with LS-DYNA and model test were applied to analyze the deep hole cut blasting,including four corners of nine holes cutting,double hollow hole diamond cutting and compound barrel cutting.According to the theory of rock blasting fragmentation and the theory of column charge,the numerical simulation of the deep hole cutting process is carried out,the analysis of stress nephogram and effective stress time curve at different times of three kinds of deep hole cutting are carried out,the law of stress propagation and the phenomenon of stress concentration in the hollow hole are obtained after charge initiation.Combined with the field test in Chaganobo iron and zinc ore,the utilization ratio of blasting hole and the unit consumption of explosive are chosen as comparing indexes,and a conclusion is drawn that the optimum design scheme is compound barrel cutting blasting.
In order to solve the hard rock tunnel excavation by blasting in deep hole rock clamping effect,low blasting efficiency,small round,mining serious imbalance and other issues,numerical simulation with LS-DYNA and model test were applied to analyze the deep hole cut blasting,including four corners of nine holes cutting,double hollow hole diamond cutting and compound barrel cutting.According to the theory of rock blasting fragmentation and the theory of column charge,the numerical simulation of the deep hole cutting process is carried out,the analysis of stress nephogram and effective stress time curve at different times of three kinds of deep hole cutting are carried out,the law of stress propagation and the phenomenon of stress concentration in the hollow hole are obtained after charge initiation.Combined with the field test in Chaganobo iron and zinc ore,the utilization ratio of blasting hole and the unit consumption of explosive are chosen as comparing indexes,and a conclusion is drawn that the optimum design scheme is compound barrel cutting blasting.
引文
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[9] 魏海霞,张强强,等效球药包迭加模型的应力计算分析[J].爆破,2016,33(4):15-21.[9] WEI Hai-xia.ZHANG Qiang-qiang.Stress calculation and analysis of superposition model of equivalent spherical charge[J].Blasting,2016,33(4):15-21.(in Chinese)
[10] 傅洪贤.条形药包在隧道爆破中产生的应力场的实测分析[J].岩土力学,2009,30(2):483- 486.[10] FU Hong-xian.Measurement and analysis of stress field produced by tunnel shaped charge in tunnel blasting[J].Geotechnical Mechanics,2009,30(2):483- 486.(in Chinese)
[11] 江向阳,颜事龙,刘伟,等.柱状药包爆炸波传播规律的试验分析[J].重庆大学学报,2015,38(4):121-127.[11] JIANG Xiang-yang,YAN Shi-long,LIU Wei,et al.Experimental analysis of propagation law of explosion wave of cylindrical charge[J].Journal of Chongqing University,2015,38(4):121-127.(in Chinese)
[12] 程康,徐学勇,谢冰.工程爆破理论基础[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,2014:191-221.
[13] 费鸿禄.爆破理论及其应用[M].北京:煤炭科学出版社,2008:189-191.
[14] 石少卿,康建功,汪敏,等.ANSYS/LS-DYNA在爆炸与冲击领域内的工程用[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011.
[15] 国志雨.硬岩巷道掘进深孔直眼掏槽爆破试验与应用研究[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学硕士论文,2017.[15] GUO Zhi-yu.Test and application of deep hole straight hole cut blasting in hard rock tunnel driving[D].Fuxin:Master Thesis of Liaoning Technical University,2017.(in Chinese)
[2] LANGEFORS U,KIHSTROM B.The modern technique of rock blasting[M].John Wiley & Sons Cc,1963.
[3] SHAPRIO V Ya.Efficincy of cut configuration in driving tunnels with a set of deep blast holes[J].Journal of Mining Science,1989,25(4):379-386.
[4] ZHU Zhe-ming,XIE He-ping,BIBHU Mohanty.Numerical investigation of blasting induced by underground explosion[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences,2008,45:111-121.
[5] 汪海波,宗琦,赵要才.立井大直径中空孔直眼掏槽爆炸应力场数值模拟分析与应用[J].岩石力学工程学报,2015,34(S1):3223-3229.[5] WANG Hai-bo,ZONG Qi,ZHAO Yao-cai.Numerical simulation analysis and application of explosion stress field in straight hole of vertical hole with large diameter hollow shaft[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics Engineering,2015,34(S1):3223-3229.(in Chinese)
[6] 任行,傅菊根,罗吉.直眼掏槽爆破中空孔应力集中效应数值模拟[J].煤炭技术,2015,34(1):195-197.[6] REN Xing,FU Jue-gen,LUO Ji.Numerical simulation of stress concentration effect of hollow hole in straight cut blasting[J].Coal Technology,2015,34(1):195-197.(in Chinese)
[7] 吴颂,林大能,郑文富,等.直眼掏槽首响孔与空孔距离及空孔个数研究[J].采矿技术,2013,13(5):103-104,150.[7] WU Song,LIN Da-neng,ZHENG Wen-fu,et al.Study on the distance between the first ring hole and the empty hole and the number of empty holes in the straight cut hole[J].Mining Technology,2013,13(5):103-104,150.(in Chinese)
[8] 王德胜,龚敏,王子学,等.柱状药包爆炸应力场及在地下深孔爆破中的应用[J].爆炸与冲击,2011,31(4):355-360.[8] WANG De-sheng,GONG Min,WANG Zi-xue,et al.Explosion stress field of column charge and its application in underground deep hole blasting[J].Explosion and Shock,2011,31(4):355-360.(in Chinese)
[9] 魏海霞,张强强,等效球药包迭加模型的应力计算分析[J].爆破,2016,33(4):15-21.[9] WEI Hai-xia.ZHANG Qiang-qiang.Stress calculation and analysis of superposition model of equivalent spherical charge[J].Blasting,2016,33(4):15-21.(in Chinese)
[10] 傅洪贤.条形药包在隧道爆破中产生的应力场的实测分析[J].岩土力学,2009,30(2):483- 486.[10] FU Hong-xian.Measurement and analysis of stress field produced by tunnel shaped charge in tunnel blasting[J].Geotechnical Mechanics,2009,30(2):483- 486.(in Chinese)
[11] 江向阳,颜事龙,刘伟,等.柱状药包爆炸波传播规律的试验分析[J].重庆大学学报,2015,38(4):121-127.[11] JIANG Xiang-yang,YAN Shi-long,LIU Wei,et al.Experimental analysis of propagation law of explosion wave of cylindrical charge[J].Journal of Chongqing University,2015,38(4):121-127.(in Chinese)
[12] 程康,徐学勇,谢冰.工程爆破理论基础[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,2014:191-221.
[13] 费鸿禄.爆破理论及其应用[M].北京:煤炭科学出版社,2008:189-191.
[14] 石少卿,康建功,汪敏,等.ANSYS/LS-DYNA在爆炸与冲击领域内的工程用[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011.
[15] 国志雨.硬岩巷道掘进深孔直眼掏槽爆破试验与应用研究[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学硕士论文,2017.[15] GUO Zhi-yu.Test and application of deep hole straight hole cut blasting in hard rock tunnel driving[D].Fuxin:Master Thesis of Liaoning Technical University,2017.(in Chinese)