狐尾藻营养活性成分的研究
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摘要
本文研究了狐尾藻组和狐尾藻结合生物膜组处理富营养化水体后狐尾藻营养活性成分含量的变化。结果表明,狐尾藻组和狐尾藻结合生物膜组分别在粗蛋白、粗脂肪、α-亚麻酸、二十一碳酸、钙、锰、果糖和总黄酮含量存在显著差异(p<0.05)。两组样品中狐尾藻粗蛋白含量约为18.00 g/100 g,含有全部18种氨基酸;粗脂肪、水分、灰分和粗纤维含量均分别高于2.00 g/100 g、92.00%、124.00 mg/g和13.00%;总游离氨基酸含量分别为13.39和13.28 g/100 g,必需氨基酸含量分别占总游离氨基酸的33.91%和30.80%;必需脂肪酸含量较高,分别占总脂肪酸含量的73.10%和69.41%。两组样品中α-亚麻酸、钙、果糖、VB_6、VB_2、总黄酮含量分别为(12.103±0.12)和(9.284±0.035) mg·g~(-1)、(20.735±0.389)和(15.430±0.547) mg·g~(-1)、(27.00±0.15)和(19.30±0.10) mg·g~(-1)、(5.30±0.06)和(4.50±0.12) mg·(100 g)~(-1)、(1.48±0.45)和(1.44±0.002) mg·(100 g)~(-1)、(31.81±0.049)和(21.75±0.058) mg·g~(-1)。可见,狐尾藻含有种类较齐全的营养活性成分,在功能食品领域资源化利用前景十分广阔。
After eutrophic water by Myriophyllum aquaticum and Myriophyllum aquaticum combined with biofilm,the effects of Myriophyllum aquaticum and Myriophyllum aquaticum combined with biofilm on nutritional and active ingredients of Myriophyllum aquaticum were investigated respectively. The results showed that there were significant differences among the content of crude protein,crude fat,α-linolenic acid,heneicosanoic acid,Ca,Mn,fructose and total flavonoids in Myriophyllum aquaticum between the two treatments(p<0.05). The content of crude protein was about 18.00 g/100 g,and 18 kinds of amino acids were identified in Myriophyllum aquaticum. The contents of crude fat,water,ash and crude fiber were above 2.00 g/100 g,92.00%,124.00 mg/g and 13.00%,respectively. The total content of amino acids was 13.39 g/100 g and 13.28 g/100 g,and the ratio of essential amino acids to total content of amino acids was 33.91% and 30.80%,respectively. There were higher essential fatty acids in Myriophyllum aquaticum,and the ratio of total content of essential fatty acids to total fatty acids was 73.10% and 69.41%,respectively. The contents of α-linolenic acid,Ca,fructose,VB_6,VB_2,total flavonoids were(12.103±0.12)and(9.284±0.035) mg·g~(-1),(20.735±0.389)and(15.430±0.547) mg·g~(-1),(27.00±0.15)and(19.30±0.10) mg·g~(-1),(5.30±0.06) mg·(100 g)~(-1) and(4.50±0.12) mg·(100 g)~(-1),(1.48±0.45)and(1.44±0.002) mg·(100 g)~(-1),(31.81±0.049)and(21.75±0.058) mg·g~(-1),respectively. Therefore,the nutritional and active ingredients in Myriophyllum aquaticum were complete,which indicated that Myriophyllum aquaticum has a good application prospect for resource utilization in the field of functional food.
After eutrophic water by Myriophyllum aquaticum and Myriophyllum aquaticum combined with biofilm,the effects of Myriophyllum aquaticum and Myriophyllum aquaticum combined with biofilm on nutritional and active ingredients of Myriophyllum aquaticum were investigated respectively. The results showed that there were significant differences among the content of crude protein,crude fat,α-linolenic acid,heneicosanoic acid,Ca,Mn,fructose and total flavonoids in Myriophyllum aquaticum between the two treatments(p<0.05). The content of crude protein was about 18.00 g/100 g,and 18 kinds of amino acids were identified in Myriophyllum aquaticum. The contents of crude fat,water,ash and crude fiber were above 2.00 g/100 g,92.00%,124.00 mg/g and 13.00%,respectively. The total content of amino acids was 13.39 g/100 g and 13.28 g/100 g,and the ratio of essential amino acids to total content of amino acids was 33.91% and 30.80%,respectively. There were higher essential fatty acids in Myriophyllum aquaticum,and the ratio of total content of essential fatty acids to total fatty acids was 73.10% and 69.41%,respectively. The contents of α-linolenic acid,Ca,fructose,VB_6,VB_2,total flavonoids were(12.103±0.12)and(9.284±0.035) mg·g~(-1),(20.735±0.389)and(15.430±0.547) mg·g~(-1),(27.00±0.15)and(19.30±0.10) mg·g~(-1),(5.30±0.06) mg·(100 g)~(-1) and(4.50±0.12) mg·(100 g)~(-1),(1.48±0.45)and(1.44±0.002) mg·(100 g)~(-1),(31.81±0.049)and(21.75±0.058) mg·g~(-1),respectively. Therefore,the nutritional and active ingredients in Myriophyllum aquaticum were complete,which indicated that Myriophyllum aquaticum has a good application prospect for resource utilization in the field of functional food.
引文
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[21]Zhang YF,Jin XY,Ouyang ZG,et al.Vitamin B6 contributes to disease resistance against Pseudomonas syringae pv.tomato DC3000 and Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis thaliana[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2015,175(1):21-25.
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[2]Pandhal J,Choon WL,Kapoore RV,et al.Harvesting environmental microalgal blooms for remediation and resource recovery:A laboratory scale investigation with economic and microbial community impact assessment[J].Biology,2018,7(1):4.
[3]Zhou Y,Zhou X,Han R,et al.Reproduction capacity of Potamogeton crispus fragments and its role in water purification and algae inhibition in eutrophic lakes[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,580:1421-1428.
[4]Cui YS,Jin L,Ko SR,et al.Periphyton effects on bacterial assemblages and harmful cyanobacterial blooms in a eutrophic freshwater lake:A mesocosm study[J].Scientific Reports,2017,7:7827.
[5]李新慧,郑权,李静,等.氟喹诺酮对垂直流人工湿地性能及微生物群落的影响[J].环境科学,2018,39(10):4809-4816
[6]郑莹,潘杨,周晓华,等.一种新型生物膜法除磷工艺中聚磷菌的富集培养过程[J].环境科学,2017,38(1):276-282.
[7]Liu F,Zhang SN,Luo P,et al.Purification and reuse of non-point source wastewater via Myriophyllum based integrative biotechnology:A review[J].Bioresource Technology,2018,248:3-11.
[8]Luo P,Liu F,Liu XL,et al.Phosphorus removal from lagoon-pretreated swine wastewater by pilot-scale surface flow constructed wetlands planted with Myriophyllum aquaticum[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,576:490-497.
[9]Zhang SN,Liu F,Xiao RL,et al.Nitrogen removal in Myriophyllum aquaticum wetland microcosms for swine wastewater treatment:15N-labelled nitrogen mass balance analysis[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2017,97:505-511.
[10]Wang N,Bai R,Xu S J,et al.The adaptability of a wetland plant species Myriophyllum aquaticum to different nitrogen forms and nitrogen removal efficiency in constructed wetlands[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2018,25:7785-7795.
[11]张旭坡.狐尾藻-微生物膜深度处理城镇污水厂尾水试验研究[D].石家庄:河北科技大学,2017
[12]Ando D,Fujisawa T,Katagi T.Uptake,translocation,and metabolism of phenols by submerged rooted macrophyte,water milfoil(Myriophyllum elatinoides)[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2015,63(21):5189-5195.
[13]Zhao Liping,Zhang Feng,Ding Xiaoying,et al.Gut bacteria selectively promoted by dietary fibers alleviate type 2 diabetes[J].Science,2018,359(6380):1151-1156.
[14]Sun H,Liu F,Xu S,et al.Myriophyllum aquaticum constructed wetland effectively removes nitrogen in swine wastewater:[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2017,8:1932.
[15]Sun LP,Liu QM,Bao CJ,et al.Comparison of free total amino acid compositions and their functional classifications in 13 wild edible mushrooms[J].Molecules,2017,22,350;doi:10.3390/molecules22030350.
[16]王爽,周爱梅,戴泽伟,等.蓝圆鲹不同部位的营养成分分析与评价[J].食品工业科技,2018,39(10):303-307.
[17]方兵,施文正,汪之和,等.捕捞月份对南极磷虾营养成分的影响[J].食品工业科技,2018,39(23):17-22.
[18]Abedi E,Sahari MA.Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid sources and evaluation of their nutritional and functional properties[J].Food Science & Nutrition,2014,2(5):443-463.
[19]余红兵,何洋,李红芳,等.室内绿狐尾藻湿地系统对高氨氮废水的净化作用[J].草业科学,2016,33(11):2189-2195.
[20]张威毅,侯召华,任贵兴,等.不同产地红米营养成分比较[J].食品工业科技,2019,40(6):263-267,272.
[21]Zhang YF,Jin XY,Ouyang ZG,et al.Vitamin B6 contributes to disease resistance against Pseudomonas syringae pv.tomato DC3000 and Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis thaliana[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2015,175(1):21-25.
[22]Garcia-Larsen V,Thawer N,Charles D,et al.Dietary intake of flavonoids and ventilatory function in european adults:a GA2LEN study[J].Nutrients,2018,10,95;doi:10.3390/nu 10010095.