石羊河流域生态系统服务权衡与协同关系研究
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摘要
生态系统服务权衡与协同研究是国际生态学、地理学等学科研究的热点。以石羊河流域为研究区,借助In VEST模型,对流域2005、2010和2015年的水源涵养、土壤保持、水质净化、碳储存和生物多样性五项服务进行精准测度,分析服务的时空格局及演变特征,并利用相关系数法逐像元定量计算5种服务之间的权衡与协同关系,从不同尺度分析权衡与协同关系的空间格局特征。结果表明:(1)各项服务具有空间异质性:水源涵养、土壤保持、碳储存、生物多样性呈"西南高-东北低"的空间格局,且水质净化、碳储存服务的高值区沿河流分布。(2) 10年期间,水源涵养、水质净化、碳储存、生物多样性服务呈现"整体增加-局部减少"的变化趋势,而土壤保持呈"整体减少-局部增加"的变化特征。(3)多种服务之间权衡与协同关系具有区域依赖特征:水源涵养与土壤保持、水源涵养与水质净化、水质净化与碳储存、水质净化与生物多样性、土壤保持与碳储存、土壤保持与生物多样性以权衡关系为主;水源涵养与碳储存、水源涵养与生物多样性、土壤保持与水质净化、碳储存与生物多样性以协同关系为主。定量可视化评估生态系统服务及权衡关系,为制定区域发展与生态保护双赢政策提供依据,同时也为其他流域的相关研究提供可靠参考。
The research on the interactions among multiple ecosystem services is a hot topic in the field of international ecology and geography. The Shiyang River Basin,a typical representative of an arid inland river basin,was used as an example. Several models based on InVEST were used to estimate the value of five key ecosystem services from 2005 to 2015,including water conservation,soil conservation,nutrient retention,carbon storage,and biodiversity. Spatial-temporal differentiation of ecosystem services were also analyzed. In addition,we quantitatively assessed the spatial patterns of interactions among different ecosystem services by applying the partial correlation analysis at a pixel scale. The results were as follows:( 1) These ecosystem services presented spatially differential characteristics; the spatial pattern of water conservation,soil conservation,carbon storage,and biodiversity presented the characteristic of having a "low-value zone located at the northeast,whereas there was a high-value zone distributed mostly in the southwest,"and the high-value zone for nutrient retention and carbon storage was along the river.( 2) From 2005 to 2015,variation characteristics of water conservation,nutrient retention,carbon storage,and biodiversity had an increasing tendency,whereas soil conservation hada decreasing tendency.( 3) The five pairwise ecosystem services presented different interactions. The interactions between water conservation and soil conservation,water conservation and nutrient retention,nutrient retention and carbon storage,nutrient retention and biodiversity,soil conservation and carbon storage,and soil conservation and biodiversity presented trade-offs. On the contrary, the interaction between water conservation and carbon storage, water conservation and biodiversity,soil conservation and nutrient retention,and carbon storage and biodiversity were prone to synergistic relationships. Spatially explicit and quantitative assessment of ecosystem service interactions has implications for the planning and management of natural capital and ecosystem services and provides a scientific basis for sustainable development in the Shiyang River Basin. This analysis framework also provides a significant reference with which other river basins can conduct spatial evaluation of ecosystem services.
The research on the interactions among multiple ecosystem services is a hot topic in the field of international ecology and geography. The Shiyang River Basin,a typical representative of an arid inland river basin,was used as an example. Several models based on InVEST were used to estimate the value of five key ecosystem services from 2005 to 2015,including water conservation,soil conservation,nutrient retention,carbon storage,and biodiversity. Spatial-temporal differentiation of ecosystem services were also analyzed. In addition,we quantitatively assessed the spatial patterns of interactions among different ecosystem services by applying the partial correlation analysis at a pixel scale. The results were as follows:( 1) These ecosystem services presented spatially differential characteristics; the spatial pattern of water conservation,soil conservation,carbon storage,and biodiversity presented the characteristic of having a "low-value zone located at the northeast,whereas there was a high-value zone distributed mostly in the southwest,"and the high-value zone for nutrient retention and carbon storage was along the river.( 2) From 2005 to 2015,variation characteristics of water conservation,nutrient retention,carbon storage,and biodiversity had an increasing tendency,whereas soil conservation hada decreasing tendency.( 3) The five pairwise ecosystem services presented different interactions. The interactions between water conservation and soil conservation,water conservation and nutrient retention,nutrient retention and carbon storage,nutrient retention and biodiversity,soil conservation and carbon storage,and soil conservation and biodiversity presented trade-offs. On the contrary, the interaction between water conservation and carbon storage, water conservation and biodiversity,soil conservation and nutrient retention,and carbon storage and biodiversity were prone to synergistic relationships. Spatially explicit and quantitative assessment of ecosystem service interactions has implications for the planning and management of natural capital and ecosystem services and provides a scientific basis for sustainable development in the Shiyang River Basin. This analysis framework also provides a significant reference with which other river basins can conduct spatial evaluation of ecosystem services.
引文
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[2]Yang G F,Ge Y,Xue H,Yang W,Shi Y,Peng C H,Du Y Y,Fan X,Ren Y,Chang J.Using ecosystem service bundles to detect trade-offs and synergies across urban-rural complexes.Landscape and Urban Planning,2015,136:110-121.
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[4]Hamel P,Chaplin-Kramer R,Sim S,Mueller C.A new approach to modeling the sediment retention service(InVEST 3.0):case study of the Cape Fear catchment,North Carolina,USA.Science of the Total Environment,2015,524-525:166-177.
[5]Dennedy-Frank P J,Muenich R L,Chaubey I,Ziv G.Comparing two tools for ecosystem service assessments regarding water resources decisions.Journal of Environmental Management,2016,177:331-340.
[6]Groff S C,Loftin C S,Drummond F,Bushmann S,Mc Gill B.Parameterization of the In VEST Crop Pollination Model to spatially predict abundance of wild blueberry(Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton)native bee pollinators in Maine,USA.Environmental Modelling&Software,2016,79(C):1-9.
[7]Redhead J W,Stratford C,Sharps K,Jones L,Ziv G,Clarke D,Oliver T H,Bullock J M.Empirical validation of the InVEST water yield ecosystem service model at a national scale.Science of the Total Environment,2016,569-570:1418-1426.
[8]Wang Y Y,Atallah S,Shao G F.Spatially explicit return on investment to private forest conservation for water purification in Indiana,USA.Ecosystem Services,2017,26:45-57.
[9]钟莉娜,王军.基于InVEST模型评估土地整治对生境质量的影响.农业工程学报,2017,33(1):250-256.
[10]董玉红,刘世梁,王军,侯笑云.基于景观格局的土地整理风险与固碳功能评价.农业工程学报,2017,33(7):246-253.
[11]马良,金陶陶,文一惠,吴秀芹,刘桂环.InVEST模型研究进展.生态经济,2015,31(10):126-131,179-179.
[12]李双成.生态系统服务地理学.北京:科学出版社,2014.
[13]Hou Y,LüY H,Chen W P,Fu B J.Temporal variation and spatial scale dependency of ecosystem service interactions:a case study on the central Loess Plateau of China.Landscape Ecology,2017,32(6):1201-1217.
[14]Trisurat Y,Eawpanich P,Kalliola R.Integrating land use and climate change scenarios and models into assessment of forested watershed services in Southern Thailand.Environmental Research,2016,147:611-620.
[15]李晶,李红艳,张良.关中-天水经济区生态系统服务权衡与协同关系.生态学报,2016,36(10):3053-3062.
[16]潘竟虎,李真.干旱内陆河流域生态系统服务空间权衡与协同作用分析.农业工程学报,2017,33(17):280-289.
[17]杨晓楠,李晶,秦克玉,李婷,刘婧雅.关中-天水经济区生态系统服务的权衡关系.地理学报,2015,70(11):1762-1773.
[18]戴尔阜,王晓莉,朱建佳,高江波.生态系统服务权衡/协同研究进展与趋势展望.地球科学进展,2015,30(11):1250-1259.
[19]曾建军,李元红,金彦兆,胡想全,王军德.InVEST模型在石羊河流域生态系统水源供给中的应用前景与方法.水资源与水工程学报,2015,26(6):83-87.
[20]张恒玮.基于InVEST模型的石羊河流域生态系统服务评估[D].兰州:西北师范大学,2016.
[21]刘海猛,石培基,周俊菊,等.石羊河中游径流损耗特征及其影响因素.地理科学进展,2013,32(1):87-94.
[22]刘金荣,谢晓蓉,金自学,等.河西走廊干旱荒漠区盐碱化土地修复与调控研究-以石羊河灌区为例.中国地质灾害与防治学报,2005,16(4):89-92.
[23]MEA.Ecosystems and Human Well-Being:Current State and Trends.Washington,DC:Island Press,2005.
[24]游松财,邸苏闯.黄土高原地区土壤田间持水量的计算.自然资源学报,2009,24(3):545-552.
[25]彭怡.InVEST模型在生态系统服务功能评估中的应用研究---以四川汶川地震灾区为例[D].成都:中国科学院·水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,2010.
[26]傅斌,徐佩,王玉宽,任静.都江堰市水源涵养功能空间格局.生态学报,2013,33(3):789-797.
[27]Allen-Wardell G,Bernhardt P,Bitner R,Burquez A,Buchmann S,Cane J,Cox P A,Dalton V,Feinsinger P,Ingram M,Inouye D,Jones E,Kennedy K,Kevan P,Koopowitz H,Medellin R,Medellin-Morales S,Nabhan G P,Pavlik B,Tepedino V,Torchio P,Walker S.The potential consequences of pollinator declines on the conservation of biodiversity and stability of food crop yields.Conservation Biology,1998,12(1):8-17.
[28]Penman H L.Natural evaporation from open water,bare soil and grass.Proceedings of the Royal Society Series A:Mathematical,Physical and Engineering Sciences,1948,193(1032):120-145.
[29]Gupta S C,Larson W E.Estimating soil water retention characteristics from particle size distribution,organic matter percent,and bulk density.Water Resources Research,1979,15(6):1633-1635.
[30]Wischmeier W H,Smith D D.Predicting rainfall erosion losses:a guide to conservation planning.Washington,DC:U.S.Department of Agriculture,1978.
[31]Williams J R,Renard K G,Dyke P T.EPIC:A new method for assessing erosion's effect on soil productivity.Journal of soil and water conservation,1983,38:381-383.
[32]蔡崇法,丁树文,史志华,黄丽,张光远.应用USLE模型与地理信息系统IDRISI预测小流域土壤侵蚀量的研究.土壤保持学报,2000,14(2):19-24.
[33]郑度,姚檀栋.青藏高原隆升与环境效应.北京:科学出版社,2004.
[34]Williams J R,Renard K G,Dyke P T.EPIC:a new method for assessing erosion's effect on soil productivity.Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,1983,38(5):381-383.
[35]李易麟.西北干旱区黑河中游土壤有机碳含量的主要影响因素研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2008.
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