淀山湖浮游植物功能群演替特征及其与环境因子的关系
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摘要
淀山湖属亚热带浅水湖泊,是上海市重要的水源地之一.为了解该湖浮游植物功能群的特征及其与环境因子的关系,于2015年1月至2016年12月逐月对浮游植物和环境因子进行调查分析.结果表明,淀山湖浮游植物可划分为26个功能群,其中15个功能群(B、C、D、F、G、H1、J、Lo、M、MP、P、W1、W2、X1和X2)为该湖的优势功能群.2015~2016年淀山湖优势浮游植物功能群呈现明显的周年演替特征,2015年为D/C→Lo/C/MP→MP/J/P/W1→P,2016年为P→W2/Lo→W2/G/M/H1→P.利用典范对应分析(CCA)探讨淀山湖浮游植物功能群与环境因子间的相互关系,结果表明水位波动(WLF)、溶解氧(DO)、水温(WT)、总磷(TP)、电导率(EC)、透明度(SD)和总氮(TN)是影响淀山湖浮游植物功能群的主要环境因子,其中氮磷营养盐和水位波动对淀山湖浮游植物功能群的影响应该引起关注.
Dianshan Lake,a subtropical shallow lake,is one of the main drinking water sources of Shanghai City. In order to explore the characteristics of phytoplankton functional groups( PFGs) and their relationships with environmental factors in Dianshan Lake,phytoplankton and water samples collected from January 2015 to December 2016 were characterized. Results suggested that there were26 PFGs during our study period. The biomasses of 15 PFGs( B,C,D,F,G,H1,J,Lo,M,MP,P,W1,W2,X1,and X2) were dominant and had marked annual succession patterns: D/C/→Lo/C/MP/→MP/J/P/W1/→P in 2015 and P/→W2/Lo/→W2/G/M/H1/→P in 2016. To elucidate the relationships of PFGs with the environmental factors,canonical correspondence analysis( CCA) was conducted. Results showed that water level fluctuation( WLF),dissolved oxygen( DO),water temperature( WT),total phosphorus( TP),electrical conductivity( EC),transparency( SD),and total nitrogen( TN) were the main impact factors associated with the composition variations of PFGs in Dianshan Lake. From this study,it is proposed that the effects of nitrogen,phosphorus,and WLF on the PFGs in Dianshan Lake should be paid more attention.
Dianshan Lake,a subtropical shallow lake,is one of the main drinking water sources of Shanghai City. In order to explore the characteristics of phytoplankton functional groups( PFGs) and their relationships with environmental factors in Dianshan Lake,phytoplankton and water samples collected from January 2015 to December 2016 were characterized. Results suggested that there were26 PFGs during our study period. The biomasses of 15 PFGs( B,C,D,F,G,H1,J,Lo,M,MP,P,W1,W2,X1,and X2) were dominant and had marked annual succession patterns: D/C/→Lo/C/MP/→MP/J/P/W1/→P in 2015 and P/→W2/Lo/→W2/G/M/H1/→P in 2016. To elucidate the relationships of PFGs with the environmental factors,canonical correspondence analysis( CCA) was conducted. Results showed that water level fluctuation( WLF),dissolved oxygen( DO),water temperature( WT),total phosphorus( TP),electrical conductivity( EC),transparency( SD),and total nitrogen( TN) were the main impact factors associated with the composition variations of PFGs in Dianshan Lake. From this study,it is proposed that the effects of nitrogen,phosphorus,and WLF on the PFGs in Dianshan Lake should be paid more attention.
引文
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[3]Bonilla S,Conde D,Aubriot L,et al.Influence of hydrology on phytoplankton species composition and life strategies in a subtropical coastal lagoon periodically connected with the Atlantic Ocean[J].Estuaries,2005,28(6):884-895.
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[8]黄享辉,胡韧,雷腊梅,等.南亚热带典型中小型水库浮游植物功能类群季节演替特征[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(2):311-318.Huang X H,Hu R,Lei L M,et al.Seasonal succession of phytoplankton functional groups in typical small and mediumsized reservoirs in southern China[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2013,22(2):311-318.
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[11]Costa L S,Huszar V L M,Ovalle A R.Phytoplankton functional groups in a tropical estuary:hydrological control and nutrient limitation[J].Estuaries and Coasts,2009,32(3):508-521.
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[13]刘足根,张柱,张萌,等.赣江流域浮游植物群落结构与功能类群划分[J].长江流域资源与环境,2012,21(3):375-384.Liu Z G,Zhang Z,Zhang M,et al.Classification of functional groups and community structure of phytoplankton in the Ganjiang River[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2012,21(3):375-384.
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[17]董静,李根保,宋立荣.抚仙湖、洱海、滇池浮游藻类功能群1960s以来演变特征[J].湖泊科学,2014,26(5):735-742.Dong J,Li G B,Song L R.Historical changes of phytoplankton functional groups in Lake Fuxian,Lake Erhai and Lake Dianchi since 1960s[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2014,26(5):735-742.
[18]由文辉.淀山湖的浮游植物及其能量生产[J].海洋湖沼通报,1995,(1):47-53.You W H.A study on phytoplankton and its energy production in Dianshan Lake[J].Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology,1995,(1):47-53.
[19]杨虹,由文辉,汪益嫔,等.淀山湖浮游植物群落对生态修复试验工程的响应研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2010,19(S2):122-129.Yang H,You W H,Wang Y P,et al.Effect of ecological restoration project on phytoplankton community in Lake Dianshan[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2010,19(S2):122-129.
[20]徐春燕,俞秋佳,徐凤洁,等.淀山湖浮游植物优势种生态位[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(9):2550-2558.Xu C Y,Yu Q J,Xu F J,et al.Niche analysis of phytoplankton's dominant species in Dianshan Lake of East China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2012,23(9):2550-2558.
[21]张琪,蒋跃,靳士科,等.上海市淀山湖春夏季浮游植物功能群组研究[J].华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2016,(6):54-64.Zhang Q,Jiang Y,Qin S K,et al.Phytoplankton functional cohort study of Shanghai Dianshan Lake in spring and summer[J].Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science),2016,(6):54-64.
[22]王铭玮,徐启新,车越,等.淀山湖蓝藻水华暴发的气象水文因素探讨[J].华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2011,(1):21-31.Wang M W,Xu Q X,Che Y,et al.Research on the meteorological and hydrological factors of cyanobacteria bloom in Lake Dianshan[J].Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science),2011,(1):21-31.
[23]由文辉.淀山湖水生态系统的物质循环[J].中国环境科学,1997,17(4):293-296.You W H.Studies on the nutrients cycle of Dianshan Lake[J].China Environmental Science,1997,17(4):293-296.
[24]由文辉.淀山湖湿地及其生态功能与利用[J].农村生态环境,1997,13(3):20-24.You W H.Ecological functions and the utilization of Dianshan Lake Wetland[J].Rural Eco-Environment,1997,13(3):20-24.
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