祁县井水温和水位的奇异潮汐关系探讨
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摘要
山西祁县井水温潮汐相位超前于水位,异于正常的水温和水位潮汐的动态关系。本文介绍了此现象的记录图像,通过水温和水位同震响应数据核实仪器时间系统,证实此现象是客观的;利用调和分析方法计算出逐月水温与水位潮汐变化的时间差,表明此现象存在于整个观测中。根据水温和水位潮汐相位相关性分析及观测条件调查,认为祁县井水温潮汐相位超前于水位的现象是在特定观测条件下,因井水流动不畅引起的特殊的水温水位关系。
The abnormal phenomenon that water temperature tidal phase ahead of water level in the wells of Qixian,Shanxi,has been studied.We first checked the instrument's time system,using water temperature and water level changes in response to some big earthquakes.Then we calculated the phase lags between water temperature and water level through harmonic analysis.The result shows that water temperature tidal phase ahead of water level is objective and this phenomenon exists in all the recording history.It also shows that the water temperature changes are caused by water level changes,since they have the same rhythm of phase lag variations over time.By surveying the observation conditions,the study reveals that the fact that water flow is not smooth in the wells is the reason for the abnormal phenomenon.
The abnormal phenomenon that water temperature tidal phase ahead of water level in the wells of Qixian,Shanxi,has been studied.We first checked the instrument's time system,using water temperature and water level changes in response to some big earthquakes.Then we calculated the phase lags between water temperature and water level through harmonic analysis.The result shows that water temperature tidal phase ahead of water level is objective and this phenomenon exists in all the recording history.It also shows that the water temperature changes are caused by water level changes,since they have the same rhythm of phase lag variations over time.By surveying the observation conditions,the study reveals that the fact that water flow is not smooth in the wells is the reason for the abnormal phenomenon.
引文
曹新来、王贺生、张素欣等,2001,昌黎井含水层系统的水位水温动态关系与地震活动,华北地震科学,19(2),55~61。
车用太、刘成龙、鱼金子,2008,井水温度动态及其形成机制,地震,28(4),20~28。
车用太、王吉易、李一兵等,2004,首都圈地下流体监测与地震预测,36~73,北京:气象出版社。
付子忠,1988,地热动态观测与地热前兆,地壳构造与地壳应力文集,国家地震局地壳应力研究所,北京:地震出版社,1~7。
顾申宜、刘博维、张慧等,2013,井孔水温对远场巨震同震响应及其机制的数模研究,地震,33(1),29~39。
Koizumi N,1990,固体潮引起流量变化的地下水化学组分与温度分析,地震地质译丛,1(1),29~35。
刘耀炜,2009,动力加载作用与地下水物理动态过程研究,学位论文,1~10,北京:中国地质大学。
马玉川、刘耀炜、任宏微等,2010,自流井水温固体潮效应及其应变响应能力,中国地震,26(2),172~182。
山西省地震局,2004,山西省地震监测志,277~281,北京:地震出版社。
石耀霖、曹建玲、马丽等,2007,唐山井水温的同震变化及其物理解释,地震学报,29(5),265~273。
孙小龙、刘耀炜,2008,塔院井水位和水温的同震响应特征及其机理探讨,中国地震,24(2),105~115。
唐九安,1999,计算固体潮潮汐参数的非数字滤波调和分析方法,地壳形变与地震,19(1),49~55。
汪成民、车用太、万迪堃等,1988,地下水微动态研究,10~12,北京:地震出版社。
晏锐、张立、简春林,2012,云南曲靖井水位潮汐动态特征分析,地震学报,34(3),363~373。
杨竹转,2011,地震波引起的井水位水温同震变化及其机理研究,学位论文,1~2,北京:中国地震局地质研究所。
鱼金子、车用太、刘成龙等,2012,金沙江水网对日本9.0级地震的同震响应及其特征与机理,地震,32(1),59~69
鱼金子、车用太、刘五洲,1997,井水温度微动态形成的水动力学机制研究,地震,17(4),389~396。
张立、赵洪声、刘耀炜等,2009,云南会泽井水位与水温相关关系及其变异的地震预测意义,地震研究,32(3),228~230。
张子广、张素欣、李薇等,2007,昌黎井水温潮汐形成机理分析,地震,27(3),34~40。
赵刚、王军、何案华等,2009,地热正常动态特征的研究,地震,29(3),109~116。
Demezhko D Y,Yurkov A K,Utkin V I,2012,On the nature of temperature variations in borehole kun-1(Kunashir Island),Russian Geology and Geophysics,53,313~319.
Elkhoury J E,Brodsky E E,Agnew D C,2006,Seismic waves increase permeability,Nature,441(7097),1135~1138.
Furuya I,Shimamura H,1988,Groundwater microtemperature and strain,Geophys J,94,345~353.
Kitagawa Y,Koizumi N,Tsuskutta T,1996,Comparison of post-seismic groundwater temperature changes with earthquakeinduced volumetric strain release:Yundani hot spring,Japan,Geophysical Research Letters,23(22),3147~3150.
Lai G J,Huang F Q,Ge H K,2011,Apparent permeability variation of underground water aquifer induced by an earthquake:A case of the Zhouzhi well and the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake,Earthq Sci,24,437~445.
Mogi K,Mochizuki H,Kurokawa Y,1989,Temperature changes in an artesian spring at Usami in the Izu Peninsula(Japan)and their relation to earthquakes,Tectonophysics,159,95~108.
Shimamura H,Ino M,Hikawa H,1984,Groundwater microtemperature in earthquake regions,Pageoph,122,933~946.
车用太、刘成龙、鱼金子,2008,井水温度动态及其形成机制,地震,28(4),20~28。
车用太、王吉易、李一兵等,2004,首都圈地下流体监测与地震预测,36~73,北京:气象出版社。
付子忠,1988,地热动态观测与地热前兆,地壳构造与地壳应力文集,国家地震局地壳应力研究所,北京:地震出版社,1~7。
顾申宜、刘博维、张慧等,2013,井孔水温对远场巨震同震响应及其机制的数模研究,地震,33(1),29~39。
Koizumi N,1990,固体潮引起流量变化的地下水化学组分与温度分析,地震地质译丛,1(1),29~35。
刘耀炜,2009,动力加载作用与地下水物理动态过程研究,学位论文,1~10,北京:中国地质大学。
马玉川、刘耀炜、任宏微等,2010,自流井水温固体潮效应及其应变响应能力,中国地震,26(2),172~182。
山西省地震局,2004,山西省地震监测志,277~281,北京:地震出版社。
石耀霖、曹建玲、马丽等,2007,唐山井水温的同震变化及其物理解释,地震学报,29(5),265~273。
孙小龙、刘耀炜,2008,塔院井水位和水温的同震响应特征及其机理探讨,中国地震,24(2),105~115。
唐九安,1999,计算固体潮潮汐参数的非数字滤波调和分析方法,地壳形变与地震,19(1),49~55。
汪成民、车用太、万迪堃等,1988,地下水微动态研究,10~12,北京:地震出版社。
晏锐、张立、简春林,2012,云南曲靖井水位潮汐动态特征分析,地震学报,34(3),363~373。
杨竹转,2011,地震波引起的井水位水温同震变化及其机理研究,学位论文,1~2,北京:中国地震局地质研究所。
鱼金子、车用太、刘成龙等,2012,金沙江水网对日本9.0级地震的同震响应及其特征与机理,地震,32(1),59~69
鱼金子、车用太、刘五洲,1997,井水温度微动态形成的水动力学机制研究,地震,17(4),389~396。
张立、赵洪声、刘耀炜等,2009,云南会泽井水位与水温相关关系及其变异的地震预测意义,地震研究,32(3),228~230。
张子广、张素欣、李薇等,2007,昌黎井水温潮汐形成机理分析,地震,27(3),34~40。
赵刚、王军、何案华等,2009,地热正常动态特征的研究,地震,29(3),109~116。
Demezhko D Y,Yurkov A K,Utkin V I,2012,On the nature of temperature variations in borehole kun-1(Kunashir Island),Russian Geology and Geophysics,53,313~319.
Elkhoury J E,Brodsky E E,Agnew D C,2006,Seismic waves increase permeability,Nature,441(7097),1135~1138.
Furuya I,Shimamura H,1988,Groundwater microtemperature and strain,Geophys J,94,345~353.
Kitagawa Y,Koizumi N,Tsuskutta T,1996,Comparison of post-seismic groundwater temperature changes with earthquakeinduced volumetric strain release:Yundani hot spring,Japan,Geophysical Research Letters,23(22),3147~3150.
Lai G J,Huang F Q,Ge H K,2011,Apparent permeability variation of underground water aquifer induced by an earthquake:A case of the Zhouzhi well and the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake,Earthq Sci,24,437~445.
Mogi K,Mochizuki H,Kurokawa Y,1989,Temperature changes in an artesian spring at Usami in the Izu Peninsula(Japan)and their relation to earthquakes,Tectonophysics,159,95~108.
Shimamura H,Ino M,Hikawa H,1984,Groundwater microtemperature in earthquake regions,Pageoph,122,933~946.