鄱阳湖典型沉水植物分布区CO_2、CH_4释放日变化特征
|
摘要
为进一步准确评估鄱阳湖湿地碳平衡,探讨不同湿地类型碳排放特征与控制因子,在鄱阳湖南矶湿地国家级自然保护区选择典型沉水植物分布区进行了CO2、CH4释放的昼夜变化观测.结果表明:1)CO2、CH4释放均具有明显的单峰型日变化模式,释放速率变化范围分别为172.43~365.40 mg CO2·m-2·h-1、16.92~31.57 mg CH4·m-2·h-1;2)温度是影响CO2、CH4释放的主要因子,CO2释放速率与土壤温度之间相关性最显著,而CH4释放速率与水温相关性最显著;CO2释放基于气温和土壤温度的敏感性指数Q10分别为2.6,3.0;3)观测日沉水植物分布区碳排放以CO2为主,约占总碳排放的77.2%,CH4约占22.8%,考虑到两者的增温潜能,沉水植物区CH4释放引起的温室效应高于CO2.
For further accurate evaluation of carbon balance in Poyang lake wetland,and to discuss the characteristics and control factors of carbon emissions from different wetland types. Carbon dioxide( CO2) and methane( CH4) fluxes were measured in a wetland dominated by submerged plant species in the national nature reserve,Nanji wetlands of Poyang Lake. Our results indicated that both CO2 and CH4showed clear diurnal variation pattern.The emission rate of CO2 ranged from 172. 43 to 365. 40 mg·m- 2·h- 1. The flux rate of CH4 varied from 16. 92 to31. 57 mg·m- 2·h- 1. Moreover,temperature was the main effect factor of CO2 and CH4fluxes. The flux rate of CO2 was significantly positively related to soil temperature. But CH4 emission showed significant positive correlation with water temperature. The value of Q10 which reflected temperature sensitivity of CO2 emission was 2. 6 for air temperature and 3. 0 for soil temperature,respectively,which suggested CO2 emission from submerged plants zones was more sensitive to soil temperature change than air temperature. Additionally,on the measurement day,CO2 and CH4accounted for 77. 2% and 22. 8% of total carbon emission,respectively. However,due to much higher global warming potential of CH4 than CO2,CH4 contributed more than CO2 in greenhouse effect for submerged plants zones.
For further accurate evaluation of carbon balance in Poyang lake wetland,and to discuss the characteristics and control factors of carbon emissions from different wetland types. Carbon dioxide( CO2) and methane( CH4) fluxes were measured in a wetland dominated by submerged plant species in the national nature reserve,Nanji wetlands of Poyang Lake. Our results indicated that both CO2 and CH4showed clear diurnal variation pattern.The emission rate of CO2 ranged from 172. 43 to 365. 40 mg·m- 2·h- 1. The flux rate of CH4 varied from 16. 92 to31. 57 mg·m- 2·h- 1. Moreover,temperature was the main effect factor of CO2 and CH4fluxes. The flux rate of CO2 was significantly positively related to soil temperature. But CH4 emission showed significant positive correlation with water temperature. The value of Q10 which reflected temperature sensitivity of CO2 emission was 2. 6 for air temperature and 3. 0 for soil temperature,respectively,which suggested CO2 emission from submerged plants zones was more sensitive to soil temperature change than air temperature. Additionally,on the measurement day,CO2 and CH4accounted for 77. 2% and 22. 8% of total carbon emission,respectively. However,due to much higher global warming potential of CH4 than CO2,CH4 contributed more than CO2 in greenhouse effect for submerged plants zones.
引文
[1]Smith L C,MacDonald G M,Velichko A A,et al.Siberian peatlands a net carbon sink and global methane source since the Early Holocene[J].Science,2004,303(5/6):353-356.
[2]Fissore C,Giardina C P,Kolka R K,et al.Soil organic carbon quality in forested mineral wetlands at different mean annual temperature[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2009,41(3):458-466.
[3]IPCC.Climatechange 2007:The physical science basis.Contribution of working group 1 to the fourth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change[M].New York:Cambridge University Press,2007.
[4]Kayranli B,Scholz M F,Mustafa A,et al.Carbon storage and fluxes within freshwater wetlands:a critical review[J].Wetlands,2010,30(1):111-124.
[5]杨永兴.国际湿地科学研究的主要特点、进展与展望[J].地理科学进展,2002,21(2):111-120.
[6]金会军,吴杰,程国栋,等.青藏高原湿地CH4排放评估[J].科学通报,1999,44(16):1758-1762.
[7]Ding Weixin,Cai Zucong,Tsuruta H.Plant species effects on methane emissions from freshwater marshes[J].Atmospheric Environment,2005,39(18):3199-3207.
[8]Song Changchun,Xu Xiaofeng,Tian Hanqin,et al.Ecosystem-atmosphere exchange of CH4and N2O and ecosystem respiration in wetlands in the Sanjiang Plain,Northeastern China[J].Global Change Biology,2009,15(3):692-705.
[9]刘信中,叶居正.江西湿地[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2000.
[10]郭华,姜彤,王国杰,等.1961-2003年间鄱阳湖流域气候变化趋势及突变分析[J].湖泊科学,2006,18(5):443-45.
[11]郭华,殷国强,姜彤.未来50年鄱阳湖流域气候变化预估[J].长江流域资源与环境,2008,17(1):73-78.
[12]胡振鹏,葛刚,刘成林,等.鄱阳湖湿地植物生态系统结构及湖水位对其影响研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2010,19(6):597-605.
[13]官少飞,郎青,张本.鄱阳湖水生植被[J].水生生物学报,1987,11(1):9-21.
[14]刘信中,樊三宝,胡斌华.江西南矶山湿地自然保护区综合科学考察[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2006.
[15]胡启武,幸瑞新,朱丽丽,等.鄱阳湖苔草湿地非淹水期CO2释放特征[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(6):1431-1436
[16]王德宣,宋长春,王跃思,等.若尔盖高原泥炭沼泽湿地CO2呼吸通量特征[J].生态环境,2005,l 4(6):880-883.
[17]杨继松,刘景双,孙丽娜,等.三江平原草甸湿地土壤呼吸和枯落物分解的CO2释放[J].生态学报,2008,28(2):805-810.
[18]胡启武,朱丽丽,幸瑞新,等.鄱阳湖苔草湿地甲烷释放特征[J].生态学报,2011,31(17):4851-4857.
[19]王德宣,丁维新,王毅勇.若尔盖高原与三江平原沼泽湿地CH4排放差异的主要环境影响因素[J].湿地科学,2003,1(1):63-67.
[20]Hirota M,Tang Yanhong,Hu Qiwu,et al.Methane emissions from different vegetation zones in a Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau wetland[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2004,36(5):737-748.
[21]黄国宏,肖笃宁,李玉祥,等.芦苇湿地温室气体甲烷(CH4)排放研究[J].生态学报,2001,21(9):1494-1497.
[22]Luo Yiqi.Terrestrial carbon cycle feedback to climate warming[J].Annual Review of Ecology,Evolution,and Systematics,2007,38:683-712.
[23]Bubier J L,Bhatia G,Moore T R,et al.Spatial and temporal variability in growing-season net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange at a large peatland in Ontario,Canada[J].Ecosystems,2003,6(4):353-367.
[24]Bubier J L,Crill P M,Moore T R,et al.Seasonal patterns and controls on net ecosystem CO2exchange in a boreal peatland complex[J].Global Biogeochemical Cycles,1998,12(4):703-714.
[25]Hirota M,Tang Yanhong,Hu Qiwu,et al.Carbon dioxide dynamics and controls in a deep-water wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J].Ecosystems,2006,9(4):673-688.
[26]Takeshi I,Dunn A L,Wofsy S C,et al.High sensitivity of peat decomposition to climate change through water-table feedback[J].Nature Geoscience,2008,1(11):763-766.
[2]Fissore C,Giardina C P,Kolka R K,et al.Soil organic carbon quality in forested mineral wetlands at different mean annual temperature[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2009,41(3):458-466.
[3]IPCC.Climatechange 2007:The physical science basis.Contribution of working group 1 to the fourth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change[M].New York:Cambridge University Press,2007.
[4]Kayranli B,Scholz M F,Mustafa A,et al.Carbon storage and fluxes within freshwater wetlands:a critical review[J].Wetlands,2010,30(1):111-124.
[5]杨永兴.国际湿地科学研究的主要特点、进展与展望[J].地理科学进展,2002,21(2):111-120.
[6]金会军,吴杰,程国栋,等.青藏高原湿地CH4排放评估[J].科学通报,1999,44(16):1758-1762.
[7]Ding Weixin,Cai Zucong,Tsuruta H.Plant species effects on methane emissions from freshwater marshes[J].Atmospheric Environment,2005,39(18):3199-3207.
[8]Song Changchun,Xu Xiaofeng,Tian Hanqin,et al.Ecosystem-atmosphere exchange of CH4and N2O and ecosystem respiration in wetlands in the Sanjiang Plain,Northeastern China[J].Global Change Biology,2009,15(3):692-705.
[9]刘信中,叶居正.江西湿地[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2000.
[10]郭华,姜彤,王国杰,等.1961-2003年间鄱阳湖流域气候变化趋势及突变分析[J].湖泊科学,2006,18(5):443-45.
[11]郭华,殷国强,姜彤.未来50年鄱阳湖流域气候变化预估[J].长江流域资源与环境,2008,17(1):73-78.
[12]胡振鹏,葛刚,刘成林,等.鄱阳湖湿地植物生态系统结构及湖水位对其影响研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2010,19(6):597-605.
[13]官少飞,郎青,张本.鄱阳湖水生植被[J].水生生物学报,1987,11(1):9-21.
[14]刘信中,樊三宝,胡斌华.江西南矶山湿地自然保护区综合科学考察[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2006.
[15]胡启武,幸瑞新,朱丽丽,等.鄱阳湖苔草湿地非淹水期CO2释放特征[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(6):1431-1436
[16]王德宣,宋长春,王跃思,等.若尔盖高原泥炭沼泽湿地CO2呼吸通量特征[J].生态环境,2005,l 4(6):880-883.
[17]杨继松,刘景双,孙丽娜,等.三江平原草甸湿地土壤呼吸和枯落物分解的CO2释放[J].生态学报,2008,28(2):805-810.
[18]胡启武,朱丽丽,幸瑞新,等.鄱阳湖苔草湿地甲烷释放特征[J].生态学报,2011,31(17):4851-4857.
[19]王德宣,丁维新,王毅勇.若尔盖高原与三江平原沼泽湿地CH4排放差异的主要环境影响因素[J].湿地科学,2003,1(1):63-67.
[20]Hirota M,Tang Yanhong,Hu Qiwu,et al.Methane emissions from different vegetation zones in a Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau wetland[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2004,36(5):737-748.
[21]黄国宏,肖笃宁,李玉祥,等.芦苇湿地温室气体甲烷(CH4)排放研究[J].生态学报,2001,21(9):1494-1497.
[22]Luo Yiqi.Terrestrial carbon cycle feedback to climate warming[J].Annual Review of Ecology,Evolution,and Systematics,2007,38:683-712.
[23]Bubier J L,Bhatia G,Moore T R,et al.Spatial and temporal variability in growing-season net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange at a large peatland in Ontario,Canada[J].Ecosystems,2003,6(4):353-367.
[24]Bubier J L,Crill P M,Moore T R,et al.Seasonal patterns and controls on net ecosystem CO2exchange in a boreal peatland complex[J].Global Biogeochemical Cycles,1998,12(4):703-714.
[25]Hirota M,Tang Yanhong,Hu Qiwu,et al.Carbon dioxide dynamics and controls in a deep-water wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J].Ecosystems,2006,9(4):673-688.
[26]Takeshi I,Dunn A L,Wofsy S C,et al.High sensitivity of peat decomposition to climate change through water-table feedback[J].Nature Geoscience,2008,1(11):763-766.