养老机构照护服务质量评价指标的构建及信效度检验
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摘要
目的构建养老机构照护服务质量评价指标,并检验其信效度。方法以服务质量模型为基础,通过查阅相关文献、专家咨询、小组讨论等方法构建养老机构照护服务质量评价指标暂定版,采用暂定版评价指标对南通市7所养老机构中277例老年人进行问卷调查,对养老机构照护服务质量评价表的信效度进行检验,形成养老机构照护服务质量评价指标。结果养老机构照护服务质量评价指标包括4个维度(有形性、可靠性、响应性、移情性)、24个条目。养老机构照护服务质量评价表的Cronbach'sα系数为0.945,折半信度为0.904;条目水平的内容效度为1.00,量表水平的内容效度为1.00;探索性因子分析提取4个公因子,方差累积贡献率为61.763%;各维度之间的相关系数为0.509～0.757,各维度与量表总分之间的相关系数为0.760～0.942。结论养老机构照护服务质量评价指标具有良好的信效度,可作为养老机构照护服务质量的评价工具。
Objective To construct the evaluation indicators of care service quality for long-term care facilities and test reliability and validity. Methods The primary evaluation indicators of care service quality for long-term care facilities guided by the SERVQUAL model were constructed through literature review and expert consultation.A questionnaire survey in 277 elderly people in seven nursing homes in Nantong was conducted. Consistency and construct validity of the evaluation indicators were tested. Results The evaluation indicators for care service quality for long-term care facilities included four dimensions(tangibility,reliability,responsiveness,and empathy),and 24 items. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the overall evaluation indicators was 0.945,and the split half reliability was0.904. I-CVI was 1.00,and S-CVI was 1.00. Four factors were extracted in the factor analysis and the accumulated variance contribution rate was 61.763%. Correlation coefficients among each dimension scores ranged from 0.509 to0.757,and correlation coefficients between each dimension score and the total score of the scale ranged from 0.760 to 0.942. Conclusion The evaluation indicators of care service quality for long-term care facilities has good reliability and validity,and can be used as an evaluation tool forcare service in long-term care institutions.
Objective To construct the evaluation indicators of care service quality for long-term care facilities and test reliability and validity. Methods The primary evaluation indicators of care service quality for long-term care facilities guided by the SERVQUAL model were constructed through literature review and expert consultation.A questionnaire survey in 277 elderly people in seven nursing homes in Nantong was conducted. Consistency and construct validity of the evaluation indicators were tested. Results The evaluation indicators for care service quality for long-term care facilities included four dimensions(tangibility,reliability,responsiveness,and empathy),and 24 items. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the overall evaluation indicators was 0.945,and the split half reliability was0.904. I-CVI was 1.00,and S-CVI was 1.00. Four factors were extracted in the factor analysis and the accumulated variance contribution rate was 61.763%. Correlation coefficients among each dimension scores ranged from 0.509 to0.757,and correlation coefficients between each dimension score and the total score of the scale ranged from 0.760 to 0.942. Conclusion The evaluation indicators of care service quality for long-term care facilities has good reliability and validity,and can be used as an evaluation tool forcare service in long-term care institutions.
引文
[1]罗治安,罗清平,罗云,等.养老机构老年人康复服务现状及对康复人才需求的调查研究[J].中国康复医学杂志,2018,33(9):1081-1086.
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[8]郑生钦,司红运,李亚男.城市老年人的机构养老满意度及其影响因素研究---以济南市为例[J].老龄科学研究,2016,4(9):57-67.
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[10]刘璟莹,杨继鹏,刘彦慧.我国社区居家养老医疗服务满意度量表的构建及信效度研究[J].中国全科医学,2018,21(7):841-846.
[11]全国老龄工作委员会办公室.国务院关于印发“十三五”国家老龄事业发展和养老体系建设规划的通知[EB/OL].(2017-03-06)[2018-05-21].http://www.cncaprc.gov.cn/contents/2/179-240.html.
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[13]Wang WL,Chang HJ,Liu AC,et al.Research into care quality criteria for long-term care institutions[J].J Nurs Res,2007,15(4):255-264.
[14]张涵,吴炳义,董惠玲.不同类型养老机构老年人医疗服务现状及需求调查[J].中国全科医学,2015,18(15):1786-1790.
[15]程玲灵,孙玉倩.癌症患者自我管理测评量表的编制及信效度检验[J].中华护理杂志,2017,52(9):1082-1087.
[16]史静琤,莫显昆,孙振球.量表编制中内容效度指数的应用[J].中南大学学报(医学版),2012,37(2):152-155.
[17]吴明隆.问卷统计分析实务:SPSS操作与应用[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2010.
[18]Oliaee Z,Jabbari A,Ehsanpour S.An investigation on the quality of midwifery services from the viewpoint of the clients in Isfahan through SERVQUAL model[J].Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res,2016,21(3):291-296.
[19]Fan L,Gao L,Liu X,et al.Patients'perceptions of service quality in China:an investigation using the SERVQUAL model[J].PLoS One,2017,12(12):e190123.
[20]喻姣花,柯卉,李芬.基于SERVQUAL模型的护患双方感知护理服务质量调查分析[J].护理学杂志,2014,29(5):34-38.
[21]杨玉霞,顾莺,叶岚,等.先天性心脏病婴幼儿喂养和营养风险筛查工具的汉化及信效度研究[J].中华护理杂志,2017,52(4):507-510.
[22]徐佳敏,邹继华,楼艳,等.农村高血压患者居家安全风险评估问卷的编制及信效度检验[J].中华护理杂志,2016,51(10):1256-1260.
[23]Yu M.Development of a Transition Process Scale for high-risk infant's caregiver[J].Iran J Public Health,2016,45(2):158-169.
[2]隋雨芳,谢莹,张典,等.不同人群对医养结合养老护理认知及需求的调查[J].重庆医学,2018,47(16):2201-2205.
[3]民政部.三部门发布第四次中国城乡老年人生活状况抽样调查成果[EB/OL].(2016-10-09)[2017-12-20].http://www.mca.gov.cn/article/zwgk/mzyw/201610/201610000019-74.shtml.
[4]王凤,叶国英,徐萍,等.宁波市养老机构养老护理员培训现状及需求[J].中国老年学杂志,2018,38(18):4555-4557.
[5]王军强.北京市中心城区机构养老服务[J].中国老年学杂志,2018,38(19):4786-4789.
[6]郭红艳,王黎,彭嘉琳,等.养老机构服务质量评价指标体系的构建[J].中华护理杂志,2014,49(4):394-398.
[7]赵国伟.养老机构服务质量评价指标体系研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2015.
[8]郑生钦,司红运,李亚男.城市老年人的机构养老满意度及其影响因素研究---以济南市为例[J].老龄科学研究,2016,4(9):57-67.
[9]张一敏,罗云婷.养老机构护理服务质量评价指标体系的构建[J].全科护理,2017,15(4):388-390.
[10]刘璟莹,杨继鹏,刘彦慧.我国社区居家养老医疗服务满意度量表的构建及信效度研究[J].中国全科医学,2018,21(7):841-846.
[11]全国老龄工作委员会办公室.国务院关于印发“十三五”国家老龄事业发展和养老体系建设规划的通知[EB/OL].(2017-03-06)[2018-05-21].http://www.cncaprc.gov.cn/contents/2/179-240.html.
[12]Parasuraman A,Zeithaml VA,Berry LL.A conceptual model of service quality and its implications for future research[J].J Market,1985,49(4):41-50.
[13]Wang WL,Chang HJ,Liu AC,et al.Research into care quality criteria for long-term care institutions[J].J Nurs Res,2007,15(4):255-264.
[14]张涵,吴炳义,董惠玲.不同类型养老机构老年人医疗服务现状及需求调查[J].中国全科医学,2015,18(15):1786-1790.
[15]程玲灵,孙玉倩.癌症患者自我管理测评量表的编制及信效度检验[J].中华护理杂志,2017,52(9):1082-1087.
[16]史静琤,莫显昆,孙振球.量表编制中内容效度指数的应用[J].中南大学学报(医学版),2012,37(2):152-155.
[17]吴明隆.问卷统计分析实务:SPSS操作与应用[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2010.
[18]Oliaee Z,Jabbari A,Ehsanpour S.An investigation on the quality of midwifery services from the viewpoint of the clients in Isfahan through SERVQUAL model[J].Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res,2016,21(3):291-296.
[19]Fan L,Gao L,Liu X,et al.Patients'perceptions of service quality in China:an investigation using the SERVQUAL model[J].PLoS One,2017,12(12):e190123.
[20]喻姣花,柯卉,李芬.基于SERVQUAL模型的护患双方感知护理服务质量调查分析[J].护理学杂志,2014,29(5):34-38.
[21]杨玉霞,顾莺,叶岚,等.先天性心脏病婴幼儿喂养和营养风险筛查工具的汉化及信效度研究[J].中华护理杂志,2017,52(4):507-510.
[22]徐佳敏,邹继华,楼艳,等.农村高血压患者居家安全风险评估问卷的编制及信效度检验[J].中华护理杂志,2016,51(10):1256-1260.
[23]Yu M.Development of a Transition Process Scale for high-risk infant's caregiver[J].Iran J Public Health,2016,45(2):158-169.