签约方遵守世界反兴奋剂条例之国际标准初探
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摘要
2017年5月世界反兴奋剂机构(WADA)出台《签约方合规国际标准》(草案),并计划于2018年正式实施,该国际标准旨在加强WADA就签约方遵守《世界反兴奋剂条例》的情况进行有力监督和制裁。结合文献和相关案例对该文件进行分析,指出其中的问题并结合我国实情给出应对建议。该合规标准的核心内容为"WADA监控签约方实施合规"。尽管草案存在一些问题:(1)WADA角色定位的偏差影响标准实施;(2)合规范围明确性有待改善;(3)分级承担后果内容不完整;(4)后果承担方式可行性需再考量;但标准的出台弥补了遵守条例实操程序的空缺,我国相关机构应重视并做好充分的准备迎接WADA合规审查和监督。
In May 2017, the World Anti-Doping Agency(WADA) issued the International Standard for Compliance by Signatories(Draft), and planned to officially implement it in 2018; this international standard aims at reinforcing WADA to carry out powerful supervision and sanction on the circumstances of signatories complying with the World Anti-Doping Code. Coupled with literature and related cases, the author analyzed this document, pointed out problems therein and offered corresponding proposals according to China's actual circumstances. The core content of this standard for compliance is that "WADA monitors signatories to implement compliance". Although the draft had some problems: 1) WADA's role orientation deviation affected standard implementation; 2) the definition of scope of compliance needed to be improved; 3) the content of taking the consequences hierarchically was imperfect; 4) the feasibility of the way of taking the consequences needed to be reconsidered, the issuance of the standard made up blanks in the practical operating procedure of code compliance, related agencies in China should value and make thorough preparations for welcoming WADA's compliance examination and supervision.
In May 2017, the World Anti-Doping Agency(WADA) issued the International Standard for Compliance by Signatories(Draft), and planned to officially implement it in 2018; this international standard aims at reinforcing WADA to carry out powerful supervision and sanction on the circumstances of signatories complying with the World Anti-Doping Code. Coupled with literature and related cases, the author analyzed this document, pointed out problems therein and offered corresponding proposals according to China's actual circumstances. The core content of this standard for compliance is that "WADA monitors signatories to implement compliance". Although the draft had some problems: 1) WADA's role orientation deviation affected standard implementation; 2) the definition of scope of compliance needed to be improved; 3) the content of taking the consequences hierarchically was imperfect; 4) the feasibility of the way of taking the consequences needed to be reconsidered, the issuance of the standard made up blanks in the practical operating procedure of code compliance, related agencies in China should value and make thorough preparations for welcoming WADA's compliance examination and supervision.
引文
[1]WADA.Drafting and consultation process[EB/OL].[2017-08-04].https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/wada-compliance-code-is-timeline-e n.pdf..
[2]裴洋.国际体育组织规章的法律性质及其在中国的适用问题[J].体育学刊,2010,17(11):20-25.
[3]WADA.International standard for code compliance by Signatories Draft Version1.0[EB/OL].[2017-08-04].https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/resources/fi les/wada-isccs-v1.0-en.pdf.
[4]JONATHAN T.Is enhanced world anti-doping code compliance monitoring(part of)the solution?[EB/OL].[2017-08-04].https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/compliance_presentation_-_2017_wada_symposium.pdf.
[5]WADA.Compliance monitoring program[EB/OL].[2017-08-04].https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/compliance_monitoring_program_webinar.pdf.
[6]WADA.WADA compliance review committee[EB/OL].[2017-08-04].https://www.wada-ama.org/en/who-we-are/governance/compliance-review-committee.
[7]李真,李自炜.兴奋剂“违禁”救济及NSF规则——莎拉波娃上诉案之启示[J].武汉体育学院学报,2017,51(2):45-50.
[8]WADA.WADA reinstates Beijing laborator[EB/OL].[2017-08-04].https://www.wada-ama.org/en/media/news/2016-08/wada-reinstates-beijing-laboratory.
[9]CRAIG LORD.FINA in hot water:WADA expresses concern over handlings of Sun Yang doping case[EB/OL].[2017-08-04].http://www.swimvortex.com/fina-in-hotwater-wada-expresses-concern-over-handling-of-sunyang-doping-case.
[10]WADA.RUSADA:Roadmap to compliance[EB/OL].[2017-08-04].https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/2017-08-02_rusada_roadmaptocompliance_en.pdf.
(1)该标准草案的英文全称是THE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD FOR CODE COMPLIANCE BY SIGNATORIES,在《世界反兴奋剂条例》中官方把“code compliance”翻译为遵守条例,作为文中内容这样翻译无可厚非,但是作为一项文件标题,本研究认为该译法不恰当,且标准要求的不只是遵守《条例》还包括相关其他规则,因此译作“合规”,即《签约方合规国际标准》。
[2]裴洋.国际体育组织规章的法律性质及其在中国的适用问题[J].体育学刊,2010,17(11):20-25.
[3]WADA.International standard for code compliance by Signatories Draft Version1.0[EB/OL].[2017-08-04].https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/resources/fi les/wada-isccs-v1.0-en.pdf.
[4]JONATHAN T.Is enhanced world anti-doping code compliance monitoring(part of)the solution?[EB/OL].[2017-08-04].https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/compliance_presentation_-_2017_wada_symposium.pdf.
[5]WADA.Compliance monitoring program[EB/OL].[2017-08-04].https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/compliance_monitoring_program_webinar.pdf.
[6]WADA.WADA compliance review committee[EB/OL].[2017-08-04].https://www.wada-ama.org/en/who-we-are/governance/compliance-review-committee.
[7]李真,李自炜.兴奋剂“违禁”救济及NSF规则——莎拉波娃上诉案之启示[J].武汉体育学院学报,2017,51(2):45-50.
[8]WADA.WADA reinstates Beijing laborator[EB/OL].[2017-08-04].https://www.wada-ama.org/en/media/news/2016-08/wada-reinstates-beijing-laboratory.
[9]CRAIG LORD.FINA in hot water:WADA expresses concern over handlings of Sun Yang doping case[EB/OL].[2017-08-04].http://www.swimvortex.com/fina-in-hotwater-wada-expresses-concern-over-handling-of-sunyang-doping-case.
[10]WADA.RUSADA:Roadmap to compliance[EB/OL].[2017-08-04].https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/2017-08-02_rusada_roadmaptocompliance_en.pdf.
(1)该标准草案的英文全称是THE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD FOR CODE COMPLIANCE BY SIGNATORIES,在《世界反兴奋剂条例》中官方把“code compliance”翻译为遵守条例,作为文中内容这样翻译无可厚非,但是作为一项文件标题,本研究认为该译法不恰当,且标准要求的不只是遵守《条例》还包括相关其他规则,因此译作“合规”,即《签约方合规国际标准》。