个体网络借贷规制进路分析
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摘要
《网络借贷信息中介机构业务活动管理暂行办法》要求个体网络借贷平台严守信息中介之定位,即否定了自身担保型平台、资产证券化的债权转让型平台的合法性,以此构成与学者们主张的学理进路之最大分歧。然而,严守信息中介的定性与司法案例中所呈现的风险是不相称的,足以证明这种规制进路的不合理,本质上就是金融监管抑制金融创新。学者们所主张的学理进路则多将网络借贷不同模式的异质风险同质化处理,偏离了司法案例中的风险实际,缺乏可操作性。鉴于此,基于风险的差异化规制应该是个体网络借贷规制的最佳完善进路。
The Temporary Management Methods of Online Lending Information Intermediaries' Business Activities requires lending platform to be an information intermediaries, namely negates the legitimacy of self-secured platform and asset securitization credit assignment platform, and it is the maximum difference with the theoretical approach advocated by scholars. However, the requirement is not in line with the risk presented by judicial case, which is enough to prove that this regulatory approach is unreasonable. In nature, it means that financial regulation suppresses financial innovation. The regulatory approach advocated by scholars heavily dealt with the heterogeneous risk of different online lnding modes in homogenization process, which is deviated from the actual risk of justice case, and lacks operability. In view of this, regulation based on the difference risk should be the best approach to improve the regulation of Online P2 P Lending.
The Temporary Management Methods of Online Lending Information Intermediaries' Business Activities requires lending platform to be an information intermediaries, namely negates the legitimacy of self-secured platform and asset securitization credit assignment platform, and it is the maximum difference with the theoretical approach advocated by scholars. However, the requirement is not in line with the risk presented by judicial case, which is enough to prove that this regulatory approach is unreasonable. In nature, it means that financial regulation suppresses financial innovation. The regulatory approach advocated by scholars heavily dealt with the heterogeneous risk of different online lnding modes in homogenization process, which is deviated from the actual risk of justice case, and lacks operability. In view of this, regulation based on the difference risk should be the best approach to improve the regulation of Online P2 P Lending.
引文
[1]Mishkin,Frederic S.The economics of money,banking,and financial markets(9 edition)[M].Boston:Addison-Wesley,2009:29.
[2]谢平,邹传伟.互联网金融模式研究[J].金融研究,2012(12):11-22.
[3]谢平,邹传伟,刘海二.互联网金融手册[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2014.
[4]徐细雄,林丁健.基于互联网金融的小微企业融资模式创新研究[J].经济体制改革,2014(6):144-148.
[5]张韶华.P2P的地方监管[J].中国金融,2016(7):69-71.
[6]网贷管理暂行办法落地李爱君教授逐条解读网贷细则[EB/OL].http://finance.china.com.cn/news/20160825/3876324.shtml,2016-08-25/2016-08-27.
[7]杨东教授第一时间解读银监会P2P监管办法:金融监管史上具有里程碑意义的法规[EB/OL].http://mt.sohu.com/20160826/n466163120.shtml,2016-08-25/2016-08-27.
[8]李爱君.民间借贷网络平台的风险防范法律制度研究[J].中国政法大学学报,2012(2):24-36.
[9]杨东.P2P网络借贷平台的异化及其规制[J].社会科学,2015(8):88-96.
[10]李永升,胡冬阳.P2P网络借贷的刑法规制问题研究——以我国近三年的裁判文书为研究样本[J].政治与法律,2016(5):38-47.
[11]刘素宏.P2P行业告别野蛮生长三大困局待解[N].新京报,2015-07-20(A13).
[12]刘志伟.论P2P网络借贷平台业务发展的合法模式选择——从《关于促进互联网金融健康发展的指导意见》谈起[J].中南大学学报(社会科学版),2015(6):27-33.
[13]刘然.我国P2P网络借贷平台的法律性质[J].法学杂志,2015(4):133-140.
[14]王会娟.P2P的风险与监管[J].中国金融,2015(1):45-46.
[15]冯果,蒋莎莎.论我国P2P网络贷款平台的异化及其监管[J].法商研究,2013(5):29-37.
[16]卢馨,李慧敏.P2P网络借贷的运行模式与风险管控[J].改革,2015(2):60-68.
[17]刘晶明.网络借贷平台视角下我国网络金融的法律风险与规制[J].法学杂志,2015(9):125-132.
[18]章惠萍.网络借贷(P2P)平台的法律风险及其防范[J].理论月刊,2015(11):73-75.
[19]李钧.P2P借贷:性质、风险与监管[J].金融发展评论,2013(3):35-50.
[20]林小虎.网络借贷与资产证券化[J].时代金融,2015(27):113-114.
[21]张永亮,张蕴萍.P2P网贷平台法律监管困局及破解:基于美国经验[J].广东财经大学学报,2015(5):88-97.
[22]刘乃梁.金融创新与金融监管:互联网金融的发展思辨[J].武汉理工大学学报(社会科学版),2015(5):923-928.
[23]叶湘榕.P2P借贷的模式风险与监管研究[J].金融监管研究,2014(3):71-82.
[24]兹维·博迪,罗伯特·莫顿.金融学[M].北京:中国人大学出版社,2000.
[25]刘志伟.非法集资行为的法律规制:理念检视与路径转换[J].江西财经大学学报,2016(1):110-117.
(1)文中表1~5根据北大法宝、裁判文书网、无诉案例三大数据库的检索案例整理。
[2]谢平,邹传伟.互联网金融模式研究[J].金融研究,2012(12):11-22.
[3]谢平,邹传伟,刘海二.互联网金融手册[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2014.
[4]徐细雄,林丁健.基于互联网金融的小微企业融资模式创新研究[J].经济体制改革,2014(6):144-148.
[5]张韶华.P2P的地方监管[J].中国金融,2016(7):69-71.
[6]网贷管理暂行办法落地李爱君教授逐条解读网贷细则[EB/OL].http://finance.china.com.cn/news/20160825/3876324.shtml,2016-08-25/2016-08-27.
[7]杨东教授第一时间解读银监会P2P监管办法:金融监管史上具有里程碑意义的法规[EB/OL].http://mt.sohu.com/20160826/n466163120.shtml,2016-08-25/2016-08-27.
[8]李爱君.民间借贷网络平台的风险防范法律制度研究[J].中国政法大学学报,2012(2):24-36.
[9]杨东.P2P网络借贷平台的异化及其规制[J].社会科学,2015(8):88-96.
[10]李永升,胡冬阳.P2P网络借贷的刑法规制问题研究——以我国近三年的裁判文书为研究样本[J].政治与法律,2016(5):38-47.
[11]刘素宏.P2P行业告别野蛮生长三大困局待解[N].新京报,2015-07-20(A13).
[12]刘志伟.论P2P网络借贷平台业务发展的合法模式选择——从《关于促进互联网金融健康发展的指导意见》谈起[J].中南大学学报(社会科学版),2015(6):27-33.
[13]刘然.我国P2P网络借贷平台的法律性质[J].法学杂志,2015(4):133-140.
[14]王会娟.P2P的风险与监管[J].中国金融,2015(1):45-46.
[15]冯果,蒋莎莎.论我国P2P网络贷款平台的异化及其监管[J].法商研究,2013(5):29-37.
[16]卢馨,李慧敏.P2P网络借贷的运行模式与风险管控[J].改革,2015(2):60-68.
[17]刘晶明.网络借贷平台视角下我国网络金融的法律风险与规制[J].法学杂志,2015(9):125-132.
[18]章惠萍.网络借贷(P2P)平台的法律风险及其防范[J].理论月刊,2015(11):73-75.
[19]李钧.P2P借贷:性质、风险与监管[J].金融发展评论,2013(3):35-50.
[20]林小虎.网络借贷与资产证券化[J].时代金融,2015(27):113-114.
[21]张永亮,张蕴萍.P2P网贷平台法律监管困局及破解:基于美国经验[J].广东财经大学学报,2015(5):88-97.
[22]刘乃梁.金融创新与金融监管:互联网金融的发展思辨[J].武汉理工大学学报(社会科学版),2015(5):923-928.
[23]叶湘榕.P2P借贷的模式风险与监管研究[J].金融监管研究,2014(3):71-82.
[24]兹维·博迪,罗伯特·莫顿.金融学[M].北京:中国人大学出版社,2000.
[25]刘志伟.非法集资行为的法律规制:理念检视与路径转换[J].江西财经大学学报,2016(1):110-117.
(1)文中表1~5根据北大法宝、裁判文书网、无诉案例三大数据库的检索案例整理。