早熟苹果品种红盖露在伊犁河谷的引种研究
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摘要
为增加伊犁河谷早熟苹果品种,改善品种结构,特引进新品种红盖露苹果进行区域试验栽培,研究观察其在伊犁河谷的生长情况及适应性。结果表明:红盖露在伊犁表现为早果,丰产,成熟期比本地嘎啦提前1周左右;果形指数0.89,平均单果质量190 g;果肉硬度11.66 kg/cm~2,可溶性固形物含量13.2%,酸度0.495%,Vc含量0.025 mg/g,口味酸甜;抗逆性与适应性强,耐贫瘠,易管理。综上所述,红盖露苹果能够适应伊犁河谷自然气候条件,是一个综合性状优良的早熟苹果品种。
In order to increase early ripening apple cultivar in Ili valley, and to improve cultivar structure, a regional culture experiment was conducted through introducing a new apple cultivars of Malus domestica ‘Gale Gala', growth performance and adaptability were observed and researched. The results showed that M. domestica ‘Gale Gala' showed early-fruiting and high-yield characteristics, and the fruit mature period was about one week ahead of the local ‘Gale Gala'. The fruit shape index was 0.89, and the average fruit mass was 190 g. The fruit firmness was 11.66 kg/cm~2, the soluble solids content was 13.2% , the acidity was 0.495% , the Vc content was 0.025 mg/g, and the flavor was sour and sweet. The plants had good adaptability and strong resistance and barren tolerence, and was easy to be managed. M.domestica ‘Gale Gala' could be adapted to the climate environment of Ili valley, and was an early ripening apple cultivar with excellent comprehensive characteristics.
In order to increase early ripening apple cultivar in Ili valley, and to improve cultivar structure, a regional culture experiment was conducted through introducing a new apple cultivars of Malus domestica ‘Gale Gala', growth performance and adaptability were observed and researched. The results showed that M. domestica ‘Gale Gala' showed early-fruiting and high-yield characteristics, and the fruit mature period was about one week ahead of the local ‘Gale Gala'. The fruit shape index was 0.89, and the average fruit mass was 190 g. The fruit firmness was 11.66 kg/cm~2, the soluble solids content was 13.2% , the acidity was 0.495% , the Vc content was 0.025 mg/g, and the flavor was sour and sweet. The plants had good adaptability and strong resistance and barren tolerence, and was easy to be managed. M.domestica ‘Gale Gala' could be adapted to the climate environment of Ili valley, and was an early ripening apple cultivar with excellent comprehensive characteristics.
引文
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[2]郭学军,王小军,马锋旺.苹果新品种蜜脆生长习性与栽培要点[J].西北园艺,2009,(3):25-26.
[3]李炳智,刘建海,张林森,等.不同时间套袋对渭北旱塬红富士苹果品质的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2005,(2):118-120.
[4]翟衡,史大川,束怀瑞.我国苹果产业发展现状与趋势[J].果树学报,2007,24(3):355-360.
[5]束怀瑞.苹果产业发展研究(提纲)[C]//农业部种植业管理司.全国苹果产业发展座谈会材料汇编.2004(10):175-177.
[6]孙希生,刘风之.我国苹果产业发展研究[C]//农业部种植业管理司.全国苹果产业发展座谈会材料汇编.2004(10):178-199.
[7]谭向勇,辛贤.中国主要苹果市场分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001:267-273.
[8]郭学军.蜜脆、红盖露苹果的生物学特性及在白水的栽培技术研究[D].西安:西北农林科技大学,2009.
[9]卢磊,唐金,尚振江.红盖露苹果果实品质及营养成分分析[J].经济林研究,2016,34(2):158-161.
[10]王昆,刘凤之,曹玉芬.苹果种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2005.
[11]王义强,刘伟,黄瑞春,等.美国香柏新品种引种栽培试验[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(7):48-54.
[12]杨宏福,黄宛春,黄巧华.水果、蔬菜制品可滴定酸度的测定GB/T12293-1990[S].北京:国家技术监督局,1990:1-3.
[13]刘君,刁永强,陈淑英,等.伊犁河谷苹果品种苗木冻害调查及分析[J].北方园艺,2013,(23):34-37.
[14]陈云华,刘刚,尚振江,等.伊犁河谷苹果冻害调查分析[J].新疆农业大学学报,2009,32(5):63-66.
[15]陈美谕,徐程杨,李金航.四种引进椴在大连春季抗寒机制分析[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(6):24-31.
[16]郗荣庭.果树栽培学总论[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1995:299-302.
[17]王学府,孟玉平,曹秋芬,等.苹果化学疏花疏果研究进展[J].果树学报,2006,23(3):437-441.
[18]马宝煜,徐继忠,孙建设.关于我国苹果矮化密植栽培的思考[J].果树学报,2010,27(1):105-109.