我国东北森林土壤动物生态学研究现状与展望
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摘要
土壤动物在生态系统养分循环和能量流动中起到重要的作用。近年来土壤动物生态学研究已成为当前生态学研究的热点与前沿领域。土壤动物生态学研究在国际上已有60多年的历史,但在我国真正意义上的土壤动物生态学研究起始于20世纪70年代末东北长白山的研究。本文概述了东北森林土壤动物生态学研究的三个阶段,并重点从以下方面总结了近10年的研究现状与进展:土壤动物分布格局及多样性、土壤动物对环境因子的响应、土壤动物在生态系统中的功能作用研究。本文可为进一步拓展东北森林土壤动物生态学研究并为我国其他地区深入开展土壤动物生态学研究提供参考。未来东北森林土壤动物生态学研究应该关注:土壤动物与微生物交互作用、土壤动物对全球变化的响应、地上与地下生态系统的交互作用以及分子生物学技术在土壤生物研究中的应用。
Soil fauna have a crucial influence on nutrient cycles and energy flows in ecosystems. In recent years, soil fauna ecology has become a hot topic and frontier in ecology, though it has been studied for more than 60 years at the international level. By contrast, in China, it wasn't until the late 1970 s that significant soil fauna ecology studies were performed in the Changbai Mountains. This article summarizes the three periods of soil fauna ecological studies in the forests of northeastern China and reviews the progress made in research in the last decade. Studies from the last decade can be divided into three categories: distribution patterns and diversity, responses to environmental factors, and ecological function. This article provides a reference for further development of soil fauna ecology in the forests of northeastern and other areas of China. Future investigations of soil fauna ecology in the forest of northeastern China should focus on the interaction between soil fauna and microbiota, the responses of soil fauna to global changes, the interaction between aboveground and underground ecosystems, and the application of molecular biology technology in soil biological research.
Soil fauna have a crucial influence on nutrient cycles and energy flows in ecosystems. In recent years, soil fauna ecology has become a hot topic and frontier in ecology, though it has been studied for more than 60 years at the international level. By contrast, in China, it wasn't until the late 1970 s that significant soil fauna ecology studies were performed in the Changbai Mountains. This article summarizes the three periods of soil fauna ecological studies in the forests of northeastern China and reviews the progress made in research in the last decade. Studies from the last decade can be divided into three categories: distribution patterns and diversity, responses to environmental factors, and ecological function. This article provides a reference for further development of soil fauna ecology in the forests of northeastern and other areas of China. Future investigations of soil fauna ecology in the forest of northeastern China should focus on the interaction between soil fauna and microbiota, the responses of soil fauna to global changes, the interaction between aboveground and underground ecosystems, and the application of molecular biology technology in soil biological research.
引文
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(1)李佳艺(2017)长白山森林生态系统自然垂直带弹尾虫群落的变化研究.硕士学位论文,内蒙古师范大学,呼和浩特.
Carrillo Y,Ball BA,Bradford MA,Jordan CF,Molina M(2011)Soil fauna alter the effects of litter composition on nitrogen cycling in a mineral soil.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,43,1440-1449.
Chen P(1990)Series studies on soil animals in the eastern mountains of Jilin Province.Journal of Northeast Normal University,(2),77-88.(in Chinese with English abstract)[陈鹏(1990)吉林省东部山地土壤动物系列研究.东北师大学报自然科学版,(2),77-88.]
Chen P,Shin GTK(1990)Primary investigation on soil Collembola in Jingyuetan region of Changchun.Acta Entomologica Sinica,33,219-226.(in Chinese with English abstract)[陈鹏,田中真悟(1990)长春净月潭地区土壤跳虫的生态分布.昆虫学报,33,219-226.]
Chen P,Wen ZG,Aoki J,Shiba M,Ishiawa K(1988)Investigation on soil acarid in Jingyuetan area Changchun.Acta Zoologica Sinica,34,282-293.(in Chinese with English abstract)[陈鹏,文在根,青木淳一,芝实,石川和男(1988)长春净月潭地区土壤螨类的调查研究.动物学报,34,282-293.]
Chen P,Zhang Y(1983)Periglacial environment and soil fauna on the northern slope of Changbai Mountain.Scientia Geographica Sinica,8,133-140.(in Chinese with English abstract)[陈鹏,张一(1983)长白山北坡冰缘环境与土壤动物.地理科学,8,133-140.]
Chen P,Zhang Y(1984)The population of soil animals and its dynamics under the broadleaved-Korean pine forest of Changbai Mountain.Research of Forest Ecosystem,4,149-158.(in Chinese with English abstract)[陈鹏,张一(1984)长白山红松阔叶林下土壤动物群及其在时间上的变化.森林生态系统研究,4,149-158.]
Cheng YY,Sun T,Wang QK,Liang WJ,Zhang XK(2018)Effects of simulated nitrogen deposition on temperate forest soil nematode communities and their metabolic footprints.Acta Ecologica Sinica,38,475-484.(in Chinese with English abstract)[程云云,孙涛,王清奎,梁文举,张晓珂(2018)模拟氮沉降对温带森林土壤线虫群落组成和代谢足迹的影响.生态学报,38,475-484.]
Coyle DR,Nagendra UJ,Taylor MK,David R,Campbell JH,Cunard CE,Joslin AH,Mundepi A,Phillips CA,Callaham MA Jr(2017)Soil fauna responses to natural disturbances,invasive species,and global climate change:Current state of the science and a call to action.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,110,116-133.
Dong WH,Yin XQ(2007)Transformation of carbon and nitrogen by earthworms in decomposition processes of broad-leaved litters.Chinese Geographical Science,17,166-172
Gao MX,He P,Sun X,Zhang XP,Wu DH(2014)Relative contributions of environmental filtering,biotic interactions and dispersal limitation in a soil collembolan community from a temperate deciduous forest in the Maoer Mountains.Chinese Science Bulletin,59,2426-2438.(in Chinese with English abstract)[高梅香,何萍,孙新,张雪萍,吴东辉(2014)环境筛选、扩散限制和生物间相互作用在温带落叶阔叶林土壤跳虫群落构建中的作用.科学通报,59,2426-2438.]
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